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S U D A N
C E N T R A LA F R I C A N
R E P U B L I C
D E M O C R A T I CR E P U B L I C O F
T H E C O N G O
E T H I O P I A
K E N Y AU G A N D A
Raja
Pibor
Wau
Lafon
Ayod
Wulu
Yei
Ibba
Kapoeta East
Baliet
Ezo
Renk
Maban
Duk
Tambura
Akobo
Bor South
Torit
Melut
Budi
Maridi
Nagero
Nyirol
Yambio
Terekeka
Pariang
JurRiver
Tonj North
Nzara
Manyo
Pochalla
Mvolo
Twic
Aweil Centre Koch
Guit
Ulang
Magwi
TonjSouth
Longochuk
Cueibet
Panyijiar
Awerial
Twic East
Aweil East
Yirol East
Ikotos
MayomAweil North
Lainya
Maiwut
Panyikang
Yirol West
Tonj East
Mundri West
Aweil WestCanal/Pigi
Mundri East
Fashoda
Rubkona
KapoetaNorth
Leer
GogrialEast Luakpiny/
Nasir
Kajo-keji
RumbekNorth
RumbekEast
RumbekCentre
Abiemnhom
Uror
Fangak
Malakal
KapoetaSouth
Morobo
GogrialWest
Aweil South
Mayendit
ABYEI REGION
No data 5-10
Number of incidents by county
>101-2 3-4
Ambush/robbery
Looting
Operational interference
Restriction of movement
Bureaucratic impediment
COVID-19 restrictions Aid workers killed
Juba
ACCESS INCIDENTS AND KEY CONSTRAINTS
The second quarter of 2020 saw an increase in reported humanitarian access incidents, mainly due to a surge in violence and COVID-19 restrictions that impacted humanitarian operations. A total of 163 incidents were recorded between April and June, a 22 per cent increase from the 135 incidents reported over the same period in 2019. A quarter of all reported incidents were in Central Equatoria.
On 5 April, South Sudan confirmed its first COVID-19 patient who was a United Nations staff member. This triggered anti-foreigner sentiments, threats and verbal abuse against humanitarian staff. Staff movement from UN compounds and hubs were restricted to curb the spread of the virus, affecting the continuity of humanitarian operations.
Despite an overall reduction in bureaucratic access impediments, intercommunal violence continued to hamper humanitarian assistance. Fighting between different groups in Jonglei resulted in the relocation of 66 humanitarian staff. The Greater Pibor area witnessed renewed fighting between armed youth groups and the looting of humanitarian assets and supplies. A total of 20 looting incidents were recorded in the second quarter of 2020, compared to three over the same period in 2019.
An increase in insecurity related to intercommunal violence had serious consequences on civilians and aid workers. On 16 May, three humanitarian workers were killed after fighting erupted in and around Pieri town, Jonglei. On 28 June, a clearly marked ambulance transporting an injured person to a hospital following fighting was shot at in Cueibet County, Lakes. The driver, a national staff member of an international NGO that is providing health services in South Sudan, was killed, bringing the number of aid workers killed in South Sudan since the conflict began in 2013 to 120.
Insecurity along the major supply routes negatively affected the delivery of humanitarian aid. Eastern Equatoria experienced frequent robberies along major roads around Torit and Kapoeta, with violence against humanitarian personnel reported.
Humanitarian agencies in Ulang, Upper Nile, received demands for all NGOs to pay land rent fees effective from 1 April 2020 and backdated to August 2018. Organizations that failed to pay the fees experienced threats of expulsion.
OVERVIEW
OPERATIONAL INTERFERENCES
18AID WORKERS RELOCATED
66INCIDENTS INVOLVING VIOLENCE
51%INCIDENTS REPORTED
163BUREAUCRATIC IMPEDIMENTS
154AID WORKERS KILLED
SOUTH SUDANQuarterly Humanitarian Access Snapshot April to June 2020
Creation date: 17 July 2020 | Sources: OCHA, humanitarian partners | Feedback: accessreporting@un.org, ochasouthsudan@un.org | unocha.org/south-sudan | reliefweb.int/country/ssd | southsudan.humanitarianresponse.info | @OCHASouthSudan | #NotATarget Humanitarian access concerns humanitarian actors’ ability to reach populations affected by crisis, as well as an affected population’s ability to access humanitarian assistance and services.
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in this snapshot do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.Final boundary between the Republic of South Sudan and the Republic of Sudan has not yet been determined. Final status of Abyei area is not yet determined.
21%RISE IN INCIDENTS FROM SECOND QUARTER LAST YEAR
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2020
201970
5149
While the overall humanitarian access situation improved in the second quarter because of the impending formation of the transitional government, the 21 per cent increase in the number of incidents reported compared to the same period last year (from 135 to 163) was attributed to a rise in intercommunal violence in areas that had not witnessed active armed conflict before. These areas further witnessed the looting of humanitarian supplies and staff relocation.
2019-2020 INCIDENT TREND
COVID-19
Once COVID-19 was confirmed in South Sudan, border closures and international flight suspensions were imposed, and quarantine policies and visa restrictions put in place to curb the spread of the virus.
14% of all incidents were COVID-19 related
Flight clearance taxations
Mandatory COVID-19 free certificates
14-day mandatory quarantine
These restrictions delayed emergency response at a time when intercommunal violence was increasing, and the lack of clarity over the processes and procedures was a growing concern for humanitarian workers.
55
62
46
No data 101-150
People targeted by 2020 HRP (’000)
150+1-50 51-100
40
6
23
32
15
9 5
10
21
2
Number of incidents by state
AID TARGETING AND ACCESS INCIDENTS
JONGLEI
LAKES
UPPER NILE
UNITY
WARRAP
WESTERNEQUATORIA
EASTERNEQUATORIA
WESTERN BAHREL GHAZAL
CENTRALEQUATORIA
NORTHERNBAHR ELGHAZAL
Creation date: 17 July 2020 | Sources: OCHA, humanitarian partners | Feedback: accessreporting@un.org, ochasouthsudan@un.org | unocha.org/south-sudan | reliefweb.int/country/ssd | southsudan.humanitarianresponse.info | @OCHASouthSudan | #NotATarget
42
50
4343
35
29
52
48
33
59
52 49
ATTRIBUTED TO
Civilians
State security forces
Criminals/unknown
State civilian authorities
Non-State civilian authorities
Non-State armed forces
Significant: Serious incidents causing severe impact on staff, assets or response.Moderate: Incidents with serious effect on staff, assets or response. Minor: Incidents of minor severity, without notable impact to staff, assets or response.
INCIDENT SEVERITY
Significant
Moderate
Minor
50%24%
26%
INCIDENT TYPE
Violence against assets
Violence against personnel
COVID-19 restrictions
Operational interference
Bureaucratic impediments
Active hostilities
Restriction of movement
26%
25%
14%
11%
9%
8%
7%
29%
29%
26%
6%
6%
4%
SOUTH SUDAN: Quarterly Humanitarian Access Snapshot April to June 2020
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