Quality Circle class XI

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Flood is a natural event or occurrence where a piece of land or area that is usually dry land, suddenly gets submerged under water.

Floods occur at irregular intervals and vary in size, duration and the affected area. Some floods can occur suddenly and recede quickly. Others take days or even months to build and discharge.

Know about your local relief centers and evacuation routes.

Keep emergency numbers as well as emergency supplies, kits, first aid items.

Plant trees and shrubs in your compound as they can control erosion.

Make sure you have permission from emergency officers to get back inside your house.

Clean the entire home, together with all the objects in it very well before you use them again.

Wear appropriate gear (mask and gloves) before cleaning begins.

Cyclones are a powerful, spiral weather that result from low pressure systems. It is seen as a massive that usually moves, covering a stretch of 500-600miles.

Cyclones are not things that we can do much about in terms of its occurrence as it is natural.

Fit shutters, or atleast metal screens to all glass areas.

Clear your property of loose material that could blow about and possibly cause damage during extreme winds.

Know your nearest safe high ground and the safest across route to it.

Check for gas leaks . Don’t use electrical appliances if wet.

Listen to local radio for official warnings and advice.

Don’t make unnecessary telephone calls.

Earthquakes are the rumblings, shaking or rolling of the earth's surface.

Earthquakes is usually happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another, or break apart from each other as a result of tension caused by prolonged energy build up.

The exterior portion of the Earth i.e. crust is not

continuous, and is broken into many pieces known

as plates. These plates move constantly. They can

slide past one another, or move into each other

because of the collisions taking place between

them.

When this happens, disturbances are produced in

the earth’s crust, which lead to an earthquake on

the surface of the Earth.

Make sure you have a fire extinguisher, first aid kit, a battery-powered radio, a flashlight etc at home.

Don't leave heavy objects on shelves (they'll fall during a quake).

Learn the earthquake plan at your school or workplace.

Check yourself and others for injuries. Provide first aid for anyone who needs it.

Turn on the radio. Don't use the phone unless it's an emergency.

Stay out of damaged buildings.

If you're at school or work, follow the emergency plan or the instructions of the person in charge.

Landslide is the movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They result from the failure of the materials which make up the hill slope and are driven by the force of gravity.

The movement of landslide material can vary from abrupt collapses to slow gradual slides and at rates which range from almost undetectable to extremely rapid.

You should have an emergency kit and make a family communications plan.

Become familiar with the land around you. Learn whether landslide have occurred in your area by contacting local officials.

Protect your property by planting ground cover on slopes and building retaining walls.

Go to a designated public shelter if you have been told to evacuate or you feel it is unsafe to remain in your home.

Listen to local radio or television stations for the latest emergency information.

Replant damaged ground as soon as possible since erosion caused by loss of ground cover can lead to flash flooding or landslides

DROUGHT

Drought is the absence of water for a long period of time, at a place where it is considered ‘not normal’ compared to its usual conditions.

Droughts may not be an issue just because there is less or no precipitation. However, it becomes an issue when it begins to affect water supply for irrigation, municipal, industrial, energy, and ecosystem function.

Optimize the use of soil’s and forage species.

Develop a hay storage plan.

Determine the optimum stocking rate.

Graze pastures to target stubble height.

Reseed legumes and grasses as needed.

Use annual forages during pasture renovation.

A gradual increase in the overall

temperature of the earth's atmosphere

generally attributed to the greenhouse effect

caused by increased levels of carbon

dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants.

Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel

burning power plants

Carbon dioxide emissions from burning

gasoline for transportation

Methane emissions from animals, agriculture

such as rice paddies, and from Arctic sea beds

Deforestation, especially tropical forests for

wood, pulp, and farmland

Increase in usage of chemical fertilizers on

croplands

THERE IS NO DISASTER THAT CAN BECOME A BLESSING AND NO BLESSING THAT CAN

BECOME A DISASTER

Terrorism refer to those violent acts that are intended to create fear (terror); are perpetrated for a religious, political, or ideological goal; and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (e.g. neutral military personnel or civilians).

Terrorism

o Political

o Strategic

o Psychological

o Socio economic

o Religious