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Properties of Matter.
Mrs. Lapierre Chemistry
What is a property?
• In chemistry, a
property is what
we use to
distinguish
between different
types of matter.
• There are two
types:
• Chemical.
• Physical.
Why do I care what a property is?
“The more properties we can identify for a
substance, the better we know the nature of
that substance. These properties can then
help us model the substance and thus
understand how this substance will behave
under various conditions.” http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/matter-and-energy/properties.html
Chemical Properties
Chemical properties change the chemical
composition.
Examples:
heat of combustion.
Reaction with water or other
molecules/atoms.
Changes in pH.
Physical Properties
Physical properties DO NOT change the
chemical composition.
Examples:
Color.
Density.
Hardness.
Melting Point/Boiling Point/Freezing Point.
Smell.
Two types of physical properties are:
extensive properties and intensive properties.
Extensive Properties
Extensive properties
depend on the amount
of the substance is
present.
Examples:
Volume.
Mass.
Length.
Weight.
Intensive Properties
Intensive properties are independent on the
amount of the substance
present (they don’t care
how much is there!)
Examples:
Color.
Melting/Boiling/Freezing point.
Luster.
Malleability.
Conductivity.
ALL chemical properties
are INTENSIVE!!!!!!!
Chemical Changes
Chemical changes, produce a new
substance and follow
these steps:
1. One or more substances
are used up (doesn’t
have to be completely).
2. One or more new
substances are formed.
3. Energy is absorbed or
released.
Physical Changes
Physical changes DO NOT
produce a new substance.
Examples:
Melting/Boiling/Freezing.
Color.
Energy is released or
absorbed .
A physical change can
suggest that a chemical
change has happened.
1. Water boils at 100 degrees
Celsius.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
2. Diamonds are capable of
cutting glass.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
3. Water can be separated by
electrolysis into hydrogen and
oxygen.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
4. Vinegar will react with baking
soda.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
5. Wood is burning.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
6. Sugar is capable of dissolving
in water.
a. This is a physical property.
b. This is a chemical property.
Quiz
7. Dry ice, solid carbon dioxide, is
sublimed at room temperature.
a. This is a physical change.
b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz
8. Salt is dissolved in water.
a. This is a physical change.
b. This is a chemical change
Quiz
10. Gasoline burns in the
presence of oxygen.
a. This is a physical change.
b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz
11. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes
to water and oxygen.
a. This is a physical change.
b. This is a chemical change.
Quiz
9. Iron rusts in a damp environment.
a. This is a physical change.
b. This is a chemical change
Quiz
Video Time
The Properties Song - Mr. Edmonds
Mixtures
Mixture: is the blend of two or more
kinds of matter. Each type of matter
retains its own identity and properties
Two types: Homogeneous and
Heterogeneous.
Chumbler - Properties of Matter 22
Types of Mixtures
Homogeneous: The same composition
throughout. Also known as Solutions.
Examples: Salt water, Acid solutions,
Rubbing Alcohol (isopropanol)
What are some other homogeneous
mixtures?
Chumbler - Properties of Matter 23
Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous: Not uniform throughout.
Examples: Sand and water, oil and vinegar,
milk
What are some other Heterogeneous
mixtures?
Chumbler - Properties of Matter 24
Pure Substances
Pure substance: has a fixed composition
but differs from a mixture in the following
ways:
EVERY sample of the substance has exactly
the same characteristic properties.
EVERY sample of the substance has exactly
the same composition.
Pure substances are made up of only ONE
element or ONE compound
Chumbler - Properties of Matter 25
Laboratory Chemicals and
Purity
News Flash---- OH NO!!!
Lab chemicals are treated as if they are
pure; however, they will have some
impurities.
Chumbler - Properties of Matter 26
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