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CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1. Overview and issues involved:
In this project, we have developed an emergency application for the Android
mobile devices. This project provides the user with various facilities, which can be
availed by him/her via any android phone, which has the GPS facility. The
application provides various security and anti-theft features for the android device.
The application, in itself, is also very much secure and provides four level
securities. As power consumption has always been a major issue with the Android
mobiles, so we also kept in mind the power constraints of the device and tried to
make the application as efficient and light weight as possible.
Mobile platform and development environment Emergency Contact App is android
project. This application works as mobile app and help mobile users to contact
different departments in emergency situation. We will be taking this feature to be a
part of further improvements, which is covered, in the later part in the report. The
bottom line is that the main idea behind this project was to create an android
application that could be of great use in times of emergency. Our goal is to help set
an official guideline to assist Emergency Response Teams in their efforts to save
time and lives in the event of an emergency and help people in times of
emergency. There would also be functionalities that would allow quick access to
all relevant information that would be required at the times of an emergency. Thus,
with only one click on your screen, we can send SMS alerts to all your savedcontacts, call rescue workers. Thus, this application could be a LIFE SAVER in
times of a calamity.
1.1 Problem Definition
As discussed, this application would be very helpful in case of calamities where
every second counts, various situations wherein you can use this application:-
1. House is on fire
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2. Robbery
3. Car Crash/Accidents
4. Cases of Harassment
5. Domestic Abuse6. Missing Person (kidnapping)
7. Massacre and many more.
In the above situation everybody lose their self control. He will try to contact the
required rescue service for help, and this information of trouble should be reached
very quickly to all people who can help us. In this case, it is quite possible that you
are much tensed and are in a shock and you cannot communicate effectively to
explain your position, to avoid such a situation, we planned to contact each person
very quickly.
1.2 Proposed Solution
People with speech disorders can use this application since they are just few taps
away to communicate the problem. In this crazy world with amazing technology,
everyone is using tablets. People with android tablets can install our applicationand save their lives themselves without depending on others. The basic motive of
both E-contacts is that of sending out a distress signal, our app tries to reach to
your near ones. We feel that in times of emergency it would be really helpful if a
person could send a signal to his personal contacts in addition to alerting the
concerned authorities. The other major differentiating factor is that our app sends
out any nearby blood bank or ambulance services information to the emergency
contacts, which will be of great help in times of accidents.
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CHAPTER-2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Methodology:
2.1.1 GPS:
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S. owned utility. It provides users
with positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services. The Global Positioning
System (GPS) is actually a constellation of 27 Earth orbiting satellites (24 in
operation and three extras in case one fails).The orbits are arranged so that at
anytime, anywhere on Earth, there are at least four satellites "visible" in the sky. A
GPS receiver's job is to locate four or more of these satellites, figure out thedistance to each, and use this information to deduce its own location.
Working of GPS:
Global Positioning System satellites transmit signals to equipment on the ground.
GPS Receivers passively receive satellite signals; they do not transmit. GPS
receivers require an unobstructed view of the sky, so they are used only outdoors
and they often do not perform well within forested areas or near tall buildings.
GPS operations depend on a very accurate time reference, which is provided by
atomic clocks at the U.S. Naval Observatory. Each GPS satellite has atomic clocks
on board. A GPS receiver "knows" the location of the satellites, because that
information is included in satellite transmissions. By estimating how far away a
satellite is, the receiver also "knows" it is located somewhere on the surface of an
imaginary sphere centred at the satellite. It then determines the sizes of several
spheres, one for each satellite. The receiver is located where these spheres
intersect.
2.1.2 Latitude & Longitude:
Latitude- Lines parallel to equator called latitude.
Longitude-Lines parallel to prime meridian called longitude.
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Fig.2.1 Latitude and Longitude
Description of GPS
In fig. 2.1 shows the latitude and longitude of GPS system .The GPS system
currently has 31 active satellites in orbits inclined 55 degrees to the equator. The
satellites orbit about 20,000km from the earth's surface and make two orbits per
day. The orbits are designed so that there are always 6 satellites in view, from most
places on the earth.
GPS uses a lot of complex technology, but the concept is simple.
The GPS receiver gets a signal from each GPS satellite. The satellites transmit the
exact time the signals are sent. By subtracting the time the signal was transmitted
from the time it was received, the GPS can tell how far it is from each satellite.
The GPS receiver also knows the exact position in the sky of the satellites, at the
moment they sent their signals. So given the travel time of the GPS signals from
three satellites and their exact position in the sky, the GPS receiver can determine
your position in three dimensions - east, north and altitude.
There is a complication. To calculate the time the GPS signals took to arrive, the
GPS receiver needs to know the time very accurately. The GPS satellites have
atomic clocks that keep very precise time, but it's not feasible to equip a GPS
receiver with an atomic clock. However, if the GPS receiver uses the signal from a
fourth satellite it can solve an equation that lets it determine the exact time, without
needing an atomic clock.
If the GPS receiver is only able to get signals from 3 satellites, you can still get
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your position, but it will be less accurate. As we noted above, the GPS receiver
needs 4 satellites to work out your position in 3-dimensions. If only 3 satellites
are available, the GPS receiver can get an approximate position by making the
assumption that you are at mean sea level. If you really are at mean sea level, the position will be reasonably accurate. However if you are in the mountains, the 2-
D fix could be hundreds of metres off.
A modern GPS receiver will typically track all of the available satellites
simultaneously, but only a selection of them will be used to calculate your
position.
2.1.3 Android OS:
Android is an operating system for mobile devices such as Smartphone’s and
tablet Computers. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google
.Android consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel, with middleware,
libraries and APIs written in C and application software running on an
application framework which includes Java compatible libraries based on
Apache Harmony Android uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just In time
compilation to run compiled Java code. Android has a large community of
developers
Writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices.
Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java. There are currently
more than 520,000 apps available for android apps can be downloaded from third
party sites or through online stores such as Android Market, the app store run by
Google.
2.1.4 SQLite:
SQLite is a software library that implements a self contained, server less, zero
configurations, transactional SQL database engine. SQLite is the most widely
deployed SQL database engine in the world. The source code for SQLite is in the
public domain.
2.1.5 Android Architecture
The following diagram shows the major components of the Android operating
system. Each section is described in more detail below
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.
Fig. 2.2 Android Architecture
2.1.6 Application Framework:
By providing an open development platform, Android offers developers the ability
to build extremely rich and innovative applications. Developers are free to take
advantage of the device hardware, access location information, run backgroundservices, set alarms, add notifications to the status bar, and much, much more.
Underlying all applications is a set of services and systems, including
1. A rich and extensible set of Views that can be used to build an application,
including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web
browser.
2.
Content Providers that enable applications to access data from other
applications (such as Contacts), or to share their own data.3. A Resource Manager, providing access to non-code resources such as
localized strings, graphics, and layout files.
4. A Notification Manager that enables all applications to display custom alerts
in the status bar.
5.
An Activity Manager that manages the lifecycle of applications and provides
a common navigation backtracks.
2.1.7 Libraries:
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Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of the
Android system.
These capabilities are exposed to developers through the Android application
framework. Some of the core libraries are listed below:
1.
System C library: a BSD-derived implementation of the standard C system
library (libc),tuned for embedded Linux-based devices.
2. Media Libraries-Based on Packet Video’s Open CORE; the libraries support
playback and recording of many popular audio and video formats, as well as static
image files, including MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG.
3.
Surface Manager-Manages access to the display subsystem and seamlessly
composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple applications.
4. Lib Web Core-a modern web browser engine which powers both the Android
browser and an embeddable web view
5. SGL-The underlying 2D graphics engine.
6. 3D libraries-An implementation based on OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries
use either hardware 3D acceleration (where available) or the included, highly
optimized 3D software rasterizer.
1.
Free Type-Bitmap and vector font rendering.
2.SQLite-a powerful and lightweight relational database engine available to all
applications.
2.1.8 Android Runtime:
Android includes a set of core libraries that provides most of the functionality
available in the core libraries of the Java programming language. Every Android
application runs in its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual
machine. Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs
efficiently. The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
which is optimized for minimal memory footprint. The VM is register-based, and
runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have been transformed
into the .dex format by the included "dx" tool. The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux
kernel for underlying functionality such as threading and low-level memory
management.
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2.1.9 Linux Kernel:
Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services such as security,
memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model. The
kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the
software stack.
2.2 Technologies and Tools used:
2.2.1 Android SDK:
The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing
applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language.
Features:
1.Application framework enabling reuse and eplacement of components.
2.Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices.
3.Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine.
4.Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2D graphics library; 3D graphics
5.Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for debugging,
memory and performance profiling, and a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE.
2.2.2 Google Place API
The Google Places API Web Service is for use in server applications. If you're
building a client-side application, take a look at the Google Places API for Android
and the Places Library in the Google Maps JavaScript API.
The Google Places API Web Service is a service that returns information about places
— defined within this API as establishments, geographic locations, or prominent
points of interest — using HTTP requests.
API
The following place requests are available:
Place Searches return a list of places based on a user's location or search string.
Place Details requests return more detailed information about a specific Place,
including user reviews.
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Place Add allow you to supplement the data in Google's Places database with data
from your application.
Place Photos gives you access to the millions of Place related photos stored in
Google's Place database.
Place Autocomplete can be used to automatically fill in the name and/or address of a
place as you type.
Query Autocomplete can be used to provide a query prediction service for text-based
geographic searches, by returning suggested queries as you type.
Place Search
The Google Places API Web Service is for use in server applications. If you're
building a client-side application, take a look at the Google Places API for Android
and the Places Library in the Google Maps JavaScript API.
Note: The id and reference fields are deprecated as of June 24, 2014. They are replaced
by the new place ID, a textual identifier that uniquely identifies a place and can be
used to retrieve information about the place. The Google Places API Web Service
currently returns a place_id in all responses, and accepts a placeid in the Place Details
request or place_id in the Place Delete request. Soon after June 24, 2015, the API will
stop returning the id and reference fields in responses. Some time later, the API will no
longer accept the reference in requests. And provide user friendly functionality to the
user We recommend that you update your code to use the new place ID instead of id
and reference as soon as possible.
Nearby Search Requests
Earlier versions of the Places API referred to Nearby Search as Place Search.A
Nearby Search lets you search for places within a specified area. You can refine your
search request by supplying keywords or specifying the type of place you are
searching for.
A Nearby Search request is an HTTP URL of the following form:
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/output?parameters
where output may be either of the following values:
json (recommended) indicates output in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
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xml indicates output as XML
Certain parameters are required to initiate a Nearby Search request. As is standard in
URLs, all parameters are separated using the ampersand (&) character.
Required parameters
key — Your application's API key. This key identifies your application for purposes of
quota management and so that places added from your application are made
immediately available to your app. Visit the Google Developers Console to create an
API Project and obtain your key.
location — The latitude/longitude around which to retrieve place information. This
must be specified as latitude,longitude.
radius — Defines the distance (in meters) within which to return place results. The
maximum allowed radius is 50 000 meters. Note that radius must not be included if
rankby=distance (described under Optional parameters below) is specified.
If rankby=distance (described under Optional parameters below) is specified, then one or
more of keyword, name, or types is required..
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CHAPTER-3
ANALYSIS
3.1 Software Requirements:
Platform: Android
Front-end: XML
Back-end: java
Database: SQLite
Software: Android 2.3 Edition SDK, Eclipse Editor, Google place API
3.2 Hardware Requirements:
CPU: Pentium-4 Processor
Memory: Minimum 512 MB
Hard drive: 200 MB of free disk space
Device: any android based mobile phone which contain inbuilt GPS receiver
3.3 Use Case Model:
Fig.3.3 Use case model of Emergency Contact App
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3.4 Use Case Description:
In the above figure 2.2 there are following usecases used which are describe in
detail below
Medical:
Description:
This use case will help user when user needs any medical help.
Flow of event:
This use-case starts when user wants to get information about nearest hospital
and wants to call ambulance and get medical services.
Basic flow:
1. User will open application on mobile.
2. Then he will click on button medical, if GPS is not on mobile device then it
will ask
3. Then app will track hospital which is near to current location through GPS
tracking.
Special Requirements:
In the mobile device there should be network and GPS service.
Precondition: none
Post condition: user will be able to contact to hospital and will get medical
services.
Extension Point: none
Theft:
Description:
This use case will help user when user needs any police help.
Flow of event:
This use-case starts when user wants to get information about nearest police
station and wants to call police and get services.
Basic flow:
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1. User will open application on mobile.
2. Then he will click on button police, if GPS is not on mobile device then it will
ask
3.
Then app will track police station which is near to current location through GPStracking.
Special Requirements:
In the mobile device there should be network and GPS service.
Precondition: none
Post condition: user will be able to contact to hospital and will get police services.
Fire:
Description:
This use case will help user when user needs any fire help.
Flow of event:
This use-case starts when user wants to get information about nearest fire station
and wants to call fire brigade and get fire services.
Basic flow:
1. User will open application on mobile.
2. Then he will click on button medical, if GPS is not on mobile device then it
will ask
3. Then app will track fire which is near to current location through GPS
tracking.
Special Requirements:
In the mobile device there should be network and GPS service.
Precondition: none
Post condition: user will be able to contact to fire brigade and will get fire services.
Emergency:
Description:
This use case will help user when user needs any emergency help.
Flow of event:
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In this usecase the user will access and sent message to the friends whom numbers
are saved in the contact list.
Basic flow:
1. User will open application on mobile.
2. Then he will click on button friend, if GPS is not on mobile device then it will
ask
3. Then app will track fire which is near to current location through GPS
tracking.
Special Requirements:
In the mobile device there should be network and GPS service.
Precondition: none
Post condition: user will be able to contact to friend and will get emergency
services.
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CHAPTER-4
DESIGN
4.1 Technology Selection
We used android technology in our project because of following advantages of
android
4.1.1 Low Investment & High ROI
Android comparatively has a low barrier to entry. Android provides freely its
Software Development Kit (SDK) to the developer community which minimizes
the development and licensing costs. The development costs can be divided into
three stages: Stage#1 – application development, Stage#2 – testing, and Stage#3 – hardware cost for testing and deploying the android mobile application.
4.1.2 Open Source
Get the open source advantage from licensing, royalty-free, and the best
technology framework offered by the Android community. The architecture of the
Android SDK is open-source which means you can actually interact with the
community for the upcoming expansions of android mobile application
development. This is what makes the Android mobile application development
platform very attractive for handset manufacturers & wireless operators, which
results in a faster development of Android based phones, and better opportunities
for developers to earn more. That’s the magic of Android.
4.1.3 Easy to Integrate
The entire platform is ready for customization. You can integrate and tweak the
mobile app according to your business need. Android is the best mobile platform
between the application and processes architecture. Most of the platforms allow
background processes helping you to integrate the apps.
4.1.4 Multiple Sales Channels
Unlike other mobile platforms, Android applications can be deployed in different
ways. You do not have to rely on a single market to distribute your applications.
You can use third-party application marketplace (especially in Google Android
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Market), but you can also form your own distribution and sales channel:
applications for vertical markets, to develop new application stores, and also place
it on your website. You build it, you publish it. With your choice of promotional
strategy, you can reach your end users through multiple channels.
4.1.5 Easy Adoption
Android applications are scripted in Java language with the help of a rich set of
libraries. Anyone can build Android applications with the knowledge of Java.
According to a recent survey, a lot of Java programmers find it easy to adopt and
script code for mobile applications in the Android OS. It is now very beneficial for
Java developers to transition the code script into a mobile application, and can also
implement android application development services in the app.
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Sequence diagram
Fig.4.2 Sequence Diagram of Emergency Contact App
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Description of sequence diagram:
Sequence diagram shows the flow of process which will happen on the runtime of
this mobile app. In this diagram
1.
Firstly opens the emergency contact mobile app.
2. After that initiate the GPS, Through He /She track the current location as well as near
hospital or police station or fire brigade.
3. Also search the emergency contact of a friend.
4. After searching location we can have contact of nearest services required .
5. User can generate call to emergency number.
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CHAPTER – 5
IMPLEMENTATION
5.1. Class Diagram
Fig.5.1 Class Diagram Of Emergency Contact App
5.2 Description :
5.2.1 Class: User/Victim
The User class includes all attribute of a User. This class will called all below
mentioned methods and classes because the user class will be interact and access
all other classes.
5.2.2 Class: Register :
The register class is useful for doing the registration by user . In this class user will
install the application in his device and register himself in our application for
accessing the various features from our application in emergency. The user will be
resister by calling register ().
5.2.3 Class: Police
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The police class includes all attributes of a particular police station. This class will
received a call from user in emergency and this class provide service to the user
by invoking police_service().
5.2.4.Class: Hospital
The hospital class includes all attribute of a particular hospital .This class will
received a call from user in emergency and this class provide service to the user
by invoking hospital_service().
5.2.5 Class: Fire
The Fire class includes all attribute of a particular Fire brigade .This class will
received a call from user in emergency and this class provide service to the user
by invoking Fire_service().
5.2.6 Class: Friend
The Friend class includes all attribute of a friend .This class will received a call
from user in emergency and this class provide help to the user by invoking help().
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Test 01 : Test case for first page
We have given 5 modules onto our screen
1. Ambulance: When the user click onto ambulance then he will switched on
another activity where a direct outgoing call will be held on 108.
2. Hospital: When the user click on that button he will switched on another activity
or screen called after clicking hospital
3. Friend: When the user click on friend button he will come onto setting inner
activity. here find location button it will show the current location of user and
when we click on setting button your exact location.
4. Police : When the user click on that button he will switched on another activity or
screen called after clicking Police...
5. Fire: When the user click on that button he will switched on another activity or
screen called after clicking Police...
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Test 02: After searching Places
When the hospital button pressed by user it will come onto this screen where
according to the current position of the user all near by hospitals list will be shown
according to the distance. Here all the places will be shown according to priority of
their distance from users current location.
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Test 03: After clicking specific hospital
After choosing one of the place from list user will come onto the singleplace
activity where all information related to mthat pl,ace will be shown .
1. Name: show the name of the hospital selected by the user.
2. Address: show the full address of that place/Hospital selected by user.
3. Phone: show the Contact no of that hospital.we have given two additional button:
CALL: when user press this button a call will be held onto contact number of that
particular hospital selected by user
SHOWONMAP: After clicking this button user will be switched on another activity
called ShowOnMap.
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Test 04: Show on map
ShowOnMap Activity/Screen will show the place onto the Google Map that is
selected by the user.
The map will also shown the distance of that place from the current location of the
user
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CHAPTER – 6
CONCLUSION
6.1 Conclusion
6.1.1 Advantages
1. Availability of rescue services will be quick and easy, thus with only one click
we can send SMS alert to all our saved contacts.
2. People with speech disorders can use this application since they are just few
taps away to communicate the problem.
3.
Our app sends out any nearby blood bank or ambulance services information
to the emergency contacts which will be of great help in times of accident.
4.
Identifying the exact location of the person who needs an emergency help
using the GPS.
5. Giving the best service in least time in emergency situation.
6.1.2 Limitation
1. The device internet connection should be on, otherwise it can not
search the suitable place that nearest from it in our case.
2. GPS should be enabled into the mobile device of user.
6.2 Future Scope
In conclusion, we hope our system will be useful for the society and saving
many lives in emergency cases, and we recommend the implementation of our
application will be in different platform for the mobile phone, also we recommend
that our application will be helpful to resolve many emergency problem in which
a common man get stuck.Our future work is providing our system mainly for sake
of humanity. The country will save many lives after using this system, so we hope
it will be implemented in near future in our country.
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APPENDIX
Test 06: call option
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Test 07: Error condition
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Test 08: Snapshot on clicking Friend
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Test 09: Contact list
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Test 10: saving contacts
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