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Programming in R
Getting data into R
Importing data into R
In this session we will learn:• Some basic R commands• How to enter data directly into R• How to use commands to read data from CSV files, tab delimited files, and fixed field files.
R Data type
• Vectors – a single column (or row )of data– Example – a numeric vector
containing test scores of students• Matrix – a collection of vectors but
must all be of the same data type• Data frame – a special matrix that
can contain both numeric and character columns.
R commands
• c() – creates a column vector• print – prints the contents of an
object• read.csv – reads in a CSV file• read.table – more generic function
that can read in files with any delimiter, such as tab delimited.
• read.fwf – reads in fixed record formats.
Creating Data in R
• The easiest way to add data to R is to code it.
names <- c("Bob","Gene","Valerie")print(names)age <- c(30, 40, 19)hometown <- c("Dallas, TX", "Little Rock, AR", "Dayton, OH")print(hometown)
Importing Data Into R
• In order to import data into R, we need to know how the file was created.– Excel file– SAS– SPSS– Delimited– Fixed-field or fixed record.
Importing Data Into R
• Base R cannot import data directly from Excel.– There are packages available that
allow R to import directly from Excel.– We will learn about packages in the
next session.
Importing Excel
• Need to save Excel as a CSV file.– Click File/Save As – On the next GUI, select CSV from the
Save as type.– We will demonstrate it in a few
minutes.
CSV File
Importing CSV file#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~## code chunk 2 ## Import CSV File ##~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~#widge <- read.csv("C:\\Path here\\WidgeOne.csv")head(widge)
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