Producing Data Sections 8.1, 8.2, 8people.hsc.edu/faculty-staff/robbk/math121/lectures... · Robb...

Producing DataSections 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

Lecture 16

Robb T. Koether

Hampden-Sydney College

Wed, Feb 10, 2016

Robb T. Koether (Hampden-Sydney College) Producing DataSections 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 Wed, Feb 10, 2016 1 / 11

Outline

1 Population vs. Sample

2 Bad Sampling Methods

3 Assignment

Outline

3 Assignment

Population vs. Sample

Definition (Population)In a statistical study, the population is the set of all individuals aboutwhich we want information.

Definition (Sample)Given a population, a sample is a set of individuals in the population,i.e., a subset of the population, from which we obtain information.

It is typically not practical to obtain information from everyindividual in the population.

Why not?

Population vs. Sample

Definition (Population)In a statistical study, the population is the set of all individuals aboutwhich we want information.

Definition (Sample)Given a population, a sample is a set of individuals in the population,i.e., a subset of the population, from which we obtain information.

It is typically not practical to obtain information from everyindividual in the population.Why not?

Outline

3 Assignment

The Meanding of Random

Definition (Random)A outcome of a procedure is random if it is left entirely to chance.

“Random” is often taken to mean that all outcomes are equallylikely, but that is not what random means.

A Bad Sampling Method

Example (A Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to select a random sample of 4 students from aclass of 20 students.

I start at the beginning of the class roll and toss a coin.Heads, that student is selected.Tails, he is not selected.

I move on to the next student on the roll and use the same rule.I continue in this manner until I have 4 students.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (A Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to select a random sample of 4 students from aclass of 20 students.I start at the beginning of the class roll and toss a coin.

Heads, that student is selected.Tails, he is not selected.

I move on to the next student on the roll and use the same rule.

I continue in this manner until I have 4 students.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

I move on to the next student on the roll and use the same rule.I continue in this manner until I have 4 students.

Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

I move on to the next student on the roll and use the same rule.I continue in this manner until I have 4 students.Is the sample a random sample?

Is this a good sampling method?

Another Bad Sampling Method

Example (Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of 25 Farmvilleresidents.

I go to Wal-Mart and stand by the entrance.I select the first 25 individuals who arrive and are willing to besurveyed.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of 25 Farmvilleresidents.I go to Wal-Mart and stand by the entrance.

I select the first 25 individuals who arrive and are willing to besurveyed.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of 25 Farmvilleresidents.I go to Wal-Mart and stand by the entrance.I select the first 25 individuals who arrive and are willing to besurveyed.

Example (Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of 25 Farmvilleresidents.I go to Wal-Mart and stand by the entrance.I select the first 25 individuals who arrive and are willing to besurveyed.Is the sample a random sample?

Example (Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of 25 Farmvilleresidents.I go to Wal-Mart and stand by the entrance.I select the first 25 individuals who arrive and are willing to besurveyed.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Yet Another Bad Sampling Method

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.

I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.A week later, I check the data base to get my data.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.

If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.A week later, I check the data base to get my data.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.

A week later, I check the data base to get my data.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.A week later, I check the data base to get my data.

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.A week later, I check the data base to get my data.Is the sample a random sample?

Example (Yet Another Bad Sampling Method)Suppose I wanted to survey a random sample of visitors to myweb page.I add link to the web page that invites the visitor to fill out thesurvey.If the visitor fills out the survey, then the responses are stored in adatabase.A week later, I check the data base to get my data.Is the sample a random sample?Is this a good sampling method?

Outline

3 Assignment

Assignment

AssignmentRead Sections 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.Apply Your Knowledge: 1, 3, 4, 5.Check Your Skills: 17, 18, 20.Exercises 26, 27, 29 (use the TI-83).

Producing Data Sections 8.1, 8.2, 8people.hsc.edu/faculty-staff/robbk/math121/lectures... · Robb...

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