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Statistical Terms in Sampling Variable
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Probability in SamplingProbability in Sampling
Key ConceptsKey Concepts
Statistical terms in samplingStatistical terms in sampling Sampling errorSampling error The sampling distributionThe sampling distribution
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariable
11 22 33 44 55
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariableSelf-esteemSelf-esteem
11 22 33 44 55
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariable
StatisticStatistic
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
11 22 33 44 55
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariable
StatisticStatistic
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Average = 3.72Average = 3.72SampleSample
11 22 33 44 55
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariable
StatisticStatistic
ParameterParameter
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Average = 3.72Average = 3.72SampleSample
11 22 33 44 55
Statistical Terms in SamplingStatistical Terms in Sampling
VariableVariable
StatisticStatistic
ParameterParameter
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Average = 3.72Average = 3.72
Average = 3.75Average = 3.75
SampleSample
PopulationPopulation
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The population has The population has a mean of 3.75.a mean of 3.75.
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The population has The population has a mean of 3.75...a mean of 3.75...
...and a ...and a standard standard
error of .25.error of .25.
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
FFFr
eque
ncy
Freq
uenc
yThe population has The population has
a mean of 3.75...a mean of 3.75...
...and a ...and a standard standard
error of .25.error of .25.
This means that...This means that...
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The population has The population has a mean of 3.75...a mean of 3.75...
...and a ...and a standard standard
error of .25.error of .25.
This means that...This means that...about 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.about 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The population has The population has a mean of 3.75...a mean of 3.75...
...and a ...and a standard standard
error of .25.error of .25.
This means...This means...About 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.About 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.
About 95% of cases fall between 3.25 - 4.25.About 95% of cases fall between 3.25 - 4.25.
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self esteemSelf esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The population has The population has a mean of 3.75...a mean of 3.75...
...and a ...and a standard standard
error of .25.error of .25.
This meansThis meansAbout 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.About 64% of cases fall between 3.5 - 4.0.
About 95% of cases fall between 3.25 - 4.25.About 95% of cases fall between 3.25 - 4.25.about 99% of cases fall between 3.0 - 4.5about 99% of cases fall between 3.0 - 4.5
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
The standard error is called the The standard error is called the sampling error.sampling error.
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
The sample of 1000 The sample of 1000 has a mean of 3.74 has a mean of 3.74
and a standard error and a standard error of .0074.of .0074.
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that the population mean is 3.74 the population mean is 3.74 ++ 2(.0074). 2(.0074).
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The sample of 1000 The sample of 1000 has a mean of 3.74 has a mean of 3.74
and a standard error and a standard error of .0074.of .0074.
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that the population mean is 3.74 the population mean is 3.74 ++ 2(.0074). 2(.0074).
The sample of 1000 The sample of 1000 has a mean of 3.74 has a mean of 3.74
and a standard error and a standard error of .0074.of .0074.
Confidence levelConfidence level
Sampling ErrorSampling Error
4.54.03.53.0
150
100
50
0
Self-esteemSelf-esteem
Freq
uenc
yFr
eque
ncy
The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that The sampling error shows that the odds are .95 that the population mean is 3.74 the population mean is 3.74 ++ 2(.0074). 2(.0074).
The sample of 1000 The sample of 1000 has a mean of 3.74 has a mean of 3.74
and a standard error and a standard error of .0074.of .0074.
Confidence intervalConfidence interval
The Sampling DistributionThe Sampling Distribution
SampleSample SampleSample SampleSample
The Sampling DistributionThe Sampling Distribution
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
The Sampling DistributionThe Sampling Distribution
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
AverageAverage AverageAverage AverageAverage
The Sampling DistributionThe Sampling Distribution
AverageAverage AverageAverage AverageAverage
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
15
10
5
0
The sampling The sampling distribution...distribution...
...is the distribution ...is the distribution of a statistic across of a statistic across an infinite number an infinite number
of samples.of samples.
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
SampleSample
4.44.24.03.83.63.43.23.0
5
0
5
0
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