Principles of Spectrometry

Accelerator Physics, JU, First Semester, 2010-2011 (Saed Dababneh).

What is this?

Deconvolution.

Energy and efficiency calibration.

Compton suppression.“Anti-coincidences”.

What if cascades are present? ► Coincidences.

Select events.Principles of Spectrometry

By software or by hardware.

Advanced background reduction

Cascade Cascade selectionselection

Compton Compton spectrometer.spectrometer.

Another example for Another example for coincidences.coincidences.

cmhcmh

• Peak area determination.• Peak-to-total ratio.• Peak-to-Compton ratio.• Relative efficiency.• Intrinsic efficiency.• Absolute efficiency.• Total efficiency.• Solid angle.• Energy Resolution (effect of number of charge carriers).• Dead time.• Resolving time.• Anti-coincidences.• Coincidences.• Summation effects and true coincidences.• Random coincidences.

• Attenuation coefficient.• Mass attenuation coefficient.• Mean-free path.

Linear attenuation coefficientLinear attenuation coefficient(photoelectric) + (Compton) + (pair production)

Mean free path

Mass attenuation coefficient Mass attenuation coefficient is independent of density and physical state.

Compounds and mixtures??Compounds and mixtures??Give examples.Give examples.Refer to XCOM.Refer to XCOM.

tt eIeII )/(00

Mass thicknessMass thickness

HW 7HW 7

Self-AbsorptionSelf-Absorption

Photon AttenuationPhoton Attenuation

Valid for parallelphoton paths

or far geometries.

HW 8HW 8

teII 0

Not realistic…!!Not realistic…!!

Isotropic PhotonEmission

Solutions to self Solutions to self absorption at absorption at

close close geometries?geometries?

Geometric correction factorGeometric correction factor

PointSource

Detector

ExtendedSource

Detector

THINKING QUIZTHINKING QUIZ

• Cost• Room• Availability• Passive Shielding

Detector spheres for accelerators

L ead shield

BGOClover

T arget

P las tic sc intillator

An experimental setup for accelerators

1 2 3 4

• Low-energy ultra-weak resonance.• 10 days beam on target.

Principles of Spectrometry

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