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PRESENTERS: KIBET J. NELLY MAGAI N. DORCAS
BACHELOR OF ARTS- PSYCHOLOGY
DISASTER?
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses.
These loses exceed the capacity of the affected community, or society, to cope using its own resources; without expecting any external assistance.
NATURAL DISASTERS
Earthquake Drought
Floods Tornado
MAN-MADE DISASTERS
STRIKES ACCIDENTS
AIR-CRAFT CRASH
DOES KENYA EXPERIENCE DISASTERS?
FLOODS FOREST FIRES
DROUGHT
MINE EXPLOSIONS
ROAD ACCIDENT
MAN-MADE DISASTERS IN KENYA
COLLAPSED BUILDING
COMMUNAL VIOLENCE
CURRENT STATISTICS ON DISASTERS IN KENYA
YEAR DISASTER TYPE
REGION/AREA COVERAGE
AFFECTED/CASUALTIES
Jan 2008 Post Election Violence
Rift valley, Western Nyanza Central
1,339 Deaths Over 350,000 People displaced Business and Property of colossal value destroyed
October 2008
Floods Budalangi, WestPokot, Trans-nzoia, Lower Tana River
Over 5000 people displaced 16 killed by flash floods Property destroyed
Feb 2009 Fires Sachangwan Over 150 people lost their lives Property destroyed Psychological Trauma
STATISTICS ON DISASTERS IN KENYA
YEAR DISASTER TYPE
REGION/AREA COVERAGE
AFFECTED/CASUALTIES
June 2011 Explosion Nairobi downtown area
2 Deaths Over 28 People injured Property destroyed
March 2010 Landslides Bududa, Mt. Elgon Over 300 people feared buried Property destroyed
By December 2010
Road accidents
Whole country Over 3000 people lost their lives Physical disabilities & injuries Psychological Trauma
Miyagi earthquake Fukushima nuclear explosion
EFFECTS OF DISASTER
LOSS OF LIVES DESTRUCTION OF
INFRASTRUCTURE
DESTRUCTION OF ASSETS
LOSS OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Psychological trauma & distress
Disasters interrupt both health and socio-economic networks of individuals and countries.
Any disaster can interrupt essential services, hence, the need for disaster management.
Physical injury
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster management
06/06/2013 Disaster management 18
Refers to the management and organization of resources and responsibilities meant to deal with humanitarian aspects of emergencies, including mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery so as to reduce the impact of disaster.
Goals of disaster management
06/06/2013 Disaster management 19
Reduce, or avoid, losses from hazards; .
Assure prompt assistance to victims;
Achieve rapid and effective recovery
Disaster management cycle
06/06/2013 Disaster management 20
MITIGATION NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURES
INSURANCE COVER LEGISLATION
STRUCTURAL MEASURES
TREE-PLANTING
PROPER LAND- USE RETRO-FITTING
THE MITIGATION PROCESS
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment,
Response mechanisms and strategies
Preparedness plans & Coordination
Information management
Resource mobilization
Early warning systems,
Public education training and rehearsals
Community based disaster preparedness.
DISASTER RESPONSE Involves minimizing the number of hazards caused by the
disaster.
Aim
To ensure survival of the highest number of victims possible in the best health,
To re-establish the self-sufficient and essential services as quickly as possible for all populations,
To restore damaged infrastructure and regenerate viable economic activities.
In a situation of a civil war, the aim is to protect and assist civilian population.
DISASTER RESPONSE ACTIVITIES Evacuation
Search & Rescue
Logistic & Supply Communication & Coordination
DISASTER RECOVERY SHORT-TERM MEASURE LONG-TERM MEASURE
Counseling of Victims Provision of Basic Needs
…continue
Disaster recovery plans has seven steps:
gathering of basic information,
organization,
mobilizing resources ,
administration,
regulation,
coordination of activities and
evaluating recovery.
KENYA’S DISASTER MANAGEMENT • Natural Disaster Operation Centre
• Kenya Red Cross
• Kenya Psychological and Counseling Associations
• Hospitals along the highway
• Ministry of forestry
• Ministry of irrigation
Inadequate finances, human resources and equipment,
Inadequate integration and co-ordination,
Inadequate Regional and International linkages,
Inadequate policy, legal and institutional frameworks,
Weak disaster management capabilities within communities and institutions.
Inadequate information and data,
CHALLENGES FACING KENYA TOWARDS DISASTER MANAGEMENT
LESSONS KENYA CAN LEARN ABOUT DISASTER MANAGEMENT FROM JAPAN
Japan’s scientific and technological advances in risk
assessment and disaster mitigation could be used to bridge knowledge gaps and
strengthen Kenyan’s disaster management system.
Mainstreaming of climate change issues and disaster
management into the development planning process
of developing Kenya.
Improvement in community preparedness through the
involvement of schools, voluntary organisations, media and other
stakeholders in disaster mitigation and risk reduction trainings and
capacity building programs. Enhancing the scope of
collaboration between Kenyan and Japanese scientists, which could
strengthen research and development on disaster mitigation
and prevention, and the new knowledge generated could be of benefit to Japan, Kenya and other
countries.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
Manageable vulnerability
Reduced hazard impact
Controlled development and hazard mitigation
Sustainable development
EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR A HAPPY WORLD
…THANK YOU
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