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Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Mechanical-tunable Structural Color Inspiredby Chameleon Skin
Polina Abratenko
Lopez Group - Department of Physics and Astronomy
July 23, 2015
1 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Structural color in nature
2 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Structural color in nature
2 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Structural color in nature
2 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
What is structural color?
• Interaction of light with nanoscale structures• Multilayer scales make up the mother-of-pearl of the
nautilus
• There are a few types of structural color:• Diffraction grating (butterflies, beetles)• Photonic crystals (some butterflies)
3 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
What is structural color?
• Interaction of light with nanoscale structures• Multilayer scales make up the mother-of-pearl of the
nautilus
• There are a few types of structural color:• Diffraction grating (butterflies, beetles)• Photonic crystals (some butterflies)
3 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
What is structural color?
• Interaction of light with nanoscale structures• Multilayer scales make up the mother-of-pearl of the
nautilus
• There are a few types of structural color:• Diffraction grating (butterflies, beetles)• Photonic crystals (some butterflies)
3 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
What is structural color?
• Interaction of light with nanoscale structures• Multilayer scales make up the mother-of-pearl of the
nautilus
• There are a few types of structural color:• Diffraction grating (butterflies, beetles)• Photonic crystals (some butterflies)
3 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
What is structural color?
• Interaction of light with nanoscale structures• Multilayer scales make up the mother-of-pearl of the
nautilus
• There are a few types of structural color:• Diffraction grating (butterflies, beetles)• Photonic crystals (some butterflies)
3 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Photonic crystals
• Made up of different dielectric materials periodicallyarranged in space
• Light passes through lattice, but not band gap• Wavelength disallowed by band gap is the wavelength of
the reflected color
4 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Photonic crystals
• Made up of different dielectric materials periodicallyarranged in space
• Light passes through lattice, but not band gap• Wavelength disallowed by band gap is the wavelength of
the reflected color
4 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Photonic crystals
• Made up of different dielectric materials periodicallyarranged in space
• Light passes through lattice, but not band gap• Wavelength disallowed by band gap is the wavelength of
the reflected color
4 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
• Recently discovered: chameleon skin uses structural color(photonic crystals)
• Most notable: panther chameleon (pictured above)
5 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Chameleon skin
Nature Communications 6, Article number: 63686 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Flat films
• Reproduced structural color with self-assembledPolystyrene nanospheres
• Poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS) substrate• Swelling in silicone oil
7 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Flat films
• Reproduced structural color with self-assembledPolystyrene nanospheres
• Poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS) substrate• Swelling in silicone oil
7 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Flat films
• Reproduced structural color with self-assembledPolystyrene nanospheres
• Poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS) substrate• Swelling in silicone oil
7 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Measurement setup
8 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
θ-φ Graphs of intensity atwavelength
9 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Intensity along the visible lightspectrum for the two θ-φ angles
10 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Intensity along the visible lightspectrum for the two θ-φ angles
11 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Angle-independent system
• Suspended fragments of crystal
12 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Macroscopic angle independence
• Could achieve more angle independence on the macro-scale with optimization
• Higher concentration of suspended particles in polymer• Smaller fragments• More controlled array of fragments
13 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Macroscopic angle independence
• Could achieve more angle independence on the macro-scale with optimization
• Higher concentration of suspended particles in polymer• Smaller fragments• More controlled array of fragments
13 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Macroscopic angle independence
• Could achieve more angle independence on the macro-scale with optimization
• Higher concentration of suspended particles in polymer• Smaller fragments• More controlled array of fragments
13 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Macroscopic angle independence
• Could achieve more angle independence on the macro-scale with optimization
• Higher concentration of suspended particles in polymer• Smaller fragments• More controlled array of fragments
13 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Conclusion
• Mechanical-tuning methods were used to change the colorof a film consisting of photonic crystals
• Lattice constant in (1,1,1) direction decreases andreflectant peak moves to shorter wavelength
• Could introduce a macroscopic angle-independent system• Possible to optimize
• In future, could replicate chameleon skin with higheraccuracy
• Many applications (displays, sensors, industrial, military,etc.)
14 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Acknowledgments
• Rene Lopez, Yulan Fu, and Cary Tippets
• MIRT and NSF
• Kacey Hammel and Kathy Wood
15 / 16
Mechanical-tunable
StructuralColor Inspiredby Chameleon
Skin
PolinaAbratenko
What isstructural color?
Photonic crystals
Chameleonstructures
Flat filmmethods
Flat film results
Angle-independentsystem methods
Angle-independentsystem results
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Questions andcomments
Any questions or comments?
• A camouflaged panther chameleon
16 / 16
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