Predicting Products

Predicting Products

Single DisplacementUse activity series of metals• If metal C is more active than A, then it

replaces less active metal A. AB + C CB + A

• If metal F is less reactive than metal D, it cannot bump off D & reaction does not occur

DE + F no reaction

Activity Series p 148 • General Trends of metal activity (how well

they can displace):– Lighter metals bump off heavier metals– Metals with +1 charges will bump metals with

+2 charges– How to read table 4-12: the higher up a metal,

the more active it is.– Not perfect trends:

• Ca2+ displaces Na+

NaCl + F2 --->NaF + Cl2

NaF + Cl2 --->No reaction

MgCl2 + Na KBr + Cl2 FeCl3 + Cu

Na2SO4 + Cu

Double Displacement or Metathesis

•Use solubility tables p134 – 135

•For rxn to occur, precipitate (ppt) must form

BaCl2(aq)+ K2SO4(aq)

----->BaSO4(s)+ KCl(aq)

3 ways to write reactions (when they’re in aqueous solutions): (p136)

• Formula unit equations

2 AgNO3 (aq) + Cu (s) 2 Ag (s) + Cu(NO3) (aq)

• Total Ionic equations

2 [Ag+(aq) + NO3- (aq)] + Cu(s)

2 Ag (s) + [Cu+(aq) + 2NO3-

(aq)

• Net Ionic equations

2 Ag+ (aq) + Cu (s) 2 Ag (s) + Cu2+ (aq)

NaCl(aq) + KBr(aq)

-----> NaBr(aq) + KCl(aq)

How is this reaction written? Rewrite as total ionic.

Can you rewrite as net ionic?No! Only spectator ions!

• Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) + K+ (aq) + Br- (aq)----->

Na+ (aq) Br- (aq) + K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

DD or Metathesis•Acid-base:

•When an acid is combined with a base, the products will be salt & water

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)

----->NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq)

MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l)

Ba(OH)2(aq) + CaCl2(aq)

ZnCl2(aq) + K2CrO4(aq)

KCl(aq) + Na2SO4(aq)

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)

H2SO4(aq) + KOH(aq)

HCl(aq) + NH3(aq)

Combustion•Carbon compound

+ oxygen yields Carbon dioxide &

water

C3H6(g) + O2(g)

C4H8O(l) + O2(g)

C4H8O4(g) + O2(g)

Predict Products & Balance Rxn

•CaCl2 + F2 •CaCl2 + Na •CaCl2 + KNO3 •CaCl2 + K2SO4

Predict & Balance•AlBr3 + F2 •AlBr3 + Zn •AlBr3 + Na •AlBr3 + Ba(NO3)2 •AlBr3 + K2SO4

Calculate the mass of solid product formed

when 4.16 g of barium chloride is added to 250 ml of 0.40 M potassium sulfate: