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Precision Ag Survey Updates . Terry Griffin, Ph.D., CCA Assistant Professor – Economics. 2011 NCERA-180 Little Rock, AR. Sources of Data. USDA-ARMS (farm level) CropLife /Purdue University Precision Ag Survey Whipker and Akridge (2009) International network of collaborators. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Precision Ag Survey Updates
Terry Griffin, Ph.D., CCAAssistant Professor – Economics
2011 NCERA-180 Little Rock, AR
Sources of Data• USDA-ARMS (farm level)• CropLife/Purdue University Precision Ag Survey
– Whipker and Akridge (2009)• International network of collaborators
CropLife Ag Retailer Survey
• Returns specific to economics of individual farms, cropping systems and regions
• Farmers and ag businesses have generally adopted practices where there is a clear return on investment
• Two new questions for 2011
GPS-enabled Navigation Technologies Adoption
• Service Providers • Farmers
2001 2002 2003 2004 20050
20
40
60
80
100
Corn Soybean Winter wheat Spring wheat Cotton%
of p
lant
ed a
cres
Source: USDA-ARMS Data
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 20100%
20%
40%
60%
Lightbars Auto Guidance
% o
f Ser
vice
Pro
vide
rs
Source: Whipker and Akridge, 2009
Yield Monitor Adoption by CountryCountry Estimate Year Source (year) M ha -1
United States 30 000 2000 Daberkow et al. (2002) 335 Argentina 5000 2009 Bongiovanni (2010) 172 Brazil 500 2009 Molin (2010) 11 Chile 60 2009 Best (2010) 100 Uruguay 150 2009 Terra (2010) 100 U.K. 400 2000 Stafford (2000) 107 Denmark 400 2000 Stafford (2000) 247 France 50 2000 Stafford (2000) 5 Germany 4250 2003 Wagner (2000) 523 Netherlands 6 2000 Stafford (2000) 27 Sweden 150 2000 Stafford (2000) 119 Belgium 6 2000 Stafford (2000) 17 Spain 5 2003 4ECPA (2003) 1 Portugal 4 2003 Conceicao (2003) 6 Australia 800 2000 Lowenberg-DeBoer (2003) 42 South Africa 15 2000 Nell (2000) 3
Adoption Rates of Yield Monitors
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 20100
102030405060708090
100
CornSoybeanCottonWinter wheat
% p
lant
ed a
cres
Sources: before 1995 Mangold1995 to 2005: USDA ARMS2008 Cotton Inc.
Soybean Farms, 2002
Other uses
Irrigation
Divide crop production
Negotiate new crop lease
Tile drainage
Conduct field experiments
Document yields
Monitor crop moisture
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Without GPS With GPS
Percent of Farms
Source: USDA-ARMS Data, Griffin 2009
Cotton Farms, 2003
Other uses
Irrigation
Divide crop production
Negotiate new crop lease
Tile drainage
Conduct field experiments
Document yields
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Without GPS With GPS
Percent of Farms
Source: USDA-ARMS Data, Griffin 2009
Corn Farms, 2005
Other uses
Irrigation
Divide crop production
Negotiate new crop lease
Tile drainage
Conduct field experiments
Document yields
Monitor crop moisture
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Without GPS With GPS
Percent of Farms
Source: USDA-ARMS Data, Griffin 2009
Use of yield monitor data for selected crops: with and without GPS, 2002 – 2005
Soybean
(2002)
Cotton
(2003)
Barley
(2003)
Durum
wheat
(2004)
Spring
wheat
(2004)
Winter
wheat
(2004)
Corn
(2005)
With GPS? Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Monitor crop moisture 68 86 * * 68 67 100 52 60 63 60 85 91 83
Document yields 50 40 25 41 76 38 69 65 54 37 41 29 51 30
Field trials 42 23 37 * 32 5 * 13 53 9 14 9 46 28
Tile drainage 32 8 5 3 6 6 * * 7 * 32 2 31 7
Negotiate crop lease 9 1 1 3 5 * 53 * 21 * * 1 5 2
Divide crop
production 6 7 7 54 12 11 * 48 * 3 7 8 12 11
Irrigation 4 * 4 8 24 3 * * * * * * 4 3
Other uses 7 13 1 19 15 8 53 * 6 20 * 7 7 5
Photo Source: Unidentified
Soil Sampling• 30% of Sao Paulo sugar mills grid soil sample
– 70% of the total area, Silva et al (2010) • In US, reduction in grid and zone soil sampling
– Localized precision soil sampling methods common if associated with a reputable third-party expertise
– More than half of U.S. service providers offered soil sampling with GPS, 59% offered grid soil sampling, one-fourth offered soil sampling by soil type• (Whipker and Akridge, 2009)
Site-Specific Analysis Offered
14th Annual Precision Ag Dealership Survey, Purdue/CropLife Magazine, 2009
Variable Rate Application Offered
14th Annual Precision Ag Dealership Survey, Purdue/CropLife Magazine, 2009
1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
102030405060708090
100
Controller-Driven Single Nutrient Controller-Driven Multi Nutrient Variable Rate Seeding
% o
f Dea
lers
Sur
veye
d
VRT Services Offered by Service Providers
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Multi Only Single Only Both
Whipker and Akridge, 2009
Lime application duration and VRT
Peanu
ts
Cotton
Potatoe
s
Barley
Rice
Soybe
anCorn
Wint
er whe
atOats
Sugarb
eets
Sorghu
m0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
No VRTVRT
Yea
rs b
etw
een
lime
appl
icat
ions
Source: Griffin 2010, USDA-ARMS
All means differences statistically significantly different p=0.05
2 New Questions for 2011
Precision Ag Website Resources• PrecisionTalk on AgTalk
– http://talk.newagtalk.com/• PrecisionAg Network
– http://www.precisionagnetwork.com/• Alabama Precision Ag
– http://www.alabamaprecisionagonline.com• Purdue Site Specific Management Center
– http://www.purdue.edu/ssmc• University of Arkansas
– http://www.aragriculture.org/precisionag/
Terry Griffin Assistant Professor - Economics501.671.2182 tgriffin@uaex.edu
Post Doctoral Position: Spatial Statisticshttps://jobs.uark.edu/position # 0600611
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