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Population
Michael ItagakiSociology 101, Introduction to
Sociology
Population
Demography Studies the size, composition, growth
and distribution of human populations Relationship between population
and the environment
Population
Thomas Malthus (1798) An Essay on the Principle of
Population Population grows exponentially
2 to 4 to 8 to 16… = 2x
Food supply increases arithmetically1 to 2 to 3 to 4… = x+1
Population Thomas Malthus (1798)
Exponential growth: Penny example 1 day, 1 cent; 2 days, 2 cents; 3
days, 4 cents One week = $ 1.28 Two weeks = $ 163.84 Three weeks = $ 20,971.52 Four weeks = $2,684,354.56
Population
New Malthusians Exponential population growth
curve
Figure 13.1 (p. 424)World Population: The Exponential Growth CurveSources: Piotrow 1973: 4; Haub 1995, 2004.
Population
New Malthusians Exponential population growth curve Population will outgrow food supply
Anti-Malthusians Exponential population growth curve
is wrong People adapt to the environment
Population
Anti-Malthusians Rational planning for having
children Increased food production
Technology/Agriculture Ex.: Europe’s demographic
transition
Figure 13.3 (p. 426)The Demographic TransitionSource: By the author.
Figure 13.1 (p. 424)World Population: The Exponential Growth CurveSources: Piotrow 1973: 4; Haub 1995, 2004.
Population
Anti-Malthusians Growth is slowing down Demographic transition for
rest of world
Theoretical Views on Population Growth
New-Malthusians Population growth = not enough
food Solution: limit population
Anti-Malthusians More food available now than ever Solution: Redistribution of food
(political barriers)
Symbolic Interactionism
Why do the poor want so many children? Asset to the family Taking the role of the other
Figure 13.6 (p. 432)Why the Poor in the Least Industrialized Nations Want Many ChildrenBased on a survey in Indonesia, this figure shows how children are economic assets in the Least Industrialized Nations. Boys and girls can be net income earners for their families by the age of 9 or 10.Source: U.N. Fund for Population Activities.
Functionalism War, famine, disease are
functional to society Latent dysfunctions
Modern medicine Public health practices
Figure 13.3 (p. 426)The Demographic TransitionSource: By the author.
Figure 13.7 (p. 433)Population Pyramids of Mexico and the United StatesSource: By the author. Computed from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, International Data Base, Table 94.
Finals Week reminders
Final exam Thursday, May 24, 1 p.m, Room
127 No makeups
Everyone must take final to pass Extra Credit due Tuesday, May
15
Social Change A shift in the characteristics of
culture and society Hunt/gather Horticultural Plow Agricultural societies Steam engine Industrial
Revolution Microchip
Post-industrial/Information
Social Change: The Environment
Michael ItagakiSociology 101, Introduction to
Sociology
The Environment: Global Warming/Climate Change
“An Inconvenient Truth” Rising carbon dioxide levels Correspond with rising
temperatures Ramifications?
Water: stronger storms/drought Artic/Greenland: sea level Climate: ecological niches
The Environment: Global Warming
“An Inconvenient Truth” Handout: 10 things to do We have technology/resources
toreduce our CO2 output and
thusslow global warming
process.
The Environment: Global Warming
“An Inconvenient Truth” What was a
surprising/shockingfact in the film?
What can we do?
The Environment: Global Warming
“An Inconvenient Truth” Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change Increase in temperatures caused by
greenhouse gases Temperature and sea levels will rise
regardless Sea levels will likely rise 7”-23”
The Environment: Global Warming
“An Inconvenient Truth” Caveats to consider
CO2 influence temperature? Temperature influence CO2 ? Both
The Environment: Global Warming
“An Inconvenient Truth” So what do you want to do? Informed decisions Do you believe you can make a
difference?
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