PLAYING MAPMAKER

PLAYING MAPMAKERWHY WE START IN EUROPE

THE AXIS THEORY• Early civilization

• Spread along similar latitudes

• No need for new crop innovation–Allows for other

development

500 BC – 180 BC• Empires aim for coastlines– Easier to…• Travel• Attack

• Why not Pacific Ocean?

HOLY SACRED BEINGS, BATMAN!

WORLD RELIGIONS

What percentage of the world practices…

• Islam?• Judaism?• Hinduism?• Christianity?• Buddhism?• Non-religion?• Atheism?

ISLAM• HOW MANY GODS: 1 (Monotheistic)

• SACRED TEXTS: Qu’ran

• DIFFERENT SECTS: Sunni, Shi’ite

• MAJOR LAWS: Five Pillars» Ritual prayer» Fasting» Pilgrimage to Mecca» Holy times/days to observe

• LIFE AFTER DEATH: Re-birth

JUDAISM• HOW MANY GODS: 1 (Monotheistic)

• SACRED TEXTS: Torah

• DIFFERENT SECTS: Eastern/Western, Reform, Orthodox

• MAJOR LAWS:» Kosher diet» Prayer through day» Ten Commandments» Holy days to observe

• LIFE AFTER DEATH: Re-birth

What if this was your neighbor’s house?

Map It!

Check out the map on the revival of religious conflict!

What is he?

CHRISTIANITY• HOW MANY GODS: 1 (Monotheistic)

• SACRED TEXTS: Bible

• DIFFERENT SECTS: Catholic, Protestant,Eastern Orthodox

• MAJOR LAWS: » Holy days to observe» Ten Commandments» Important messages from Old and New Testaments

of Bible

• LIFE AFTER DEATH: Re-birth

BUDDHISM• HOW MANY GODS: Not really god-fearing

• SACRED TEXTS: Perfection of Wisdom Sutra?

• DIFFERENT SECTS: Wide Way, Narrow Way

• MAJOR LAWS: Four noble truths» Suffering» Morality/Enlightenment» Five precepts

• LIFE AFTER DEATH: Reincarnation, ultimate goal of Nirvana

HINDUISM• HOW MANY GODS: Several forms of

gods (henotheistic)• SACRED TEXTS: Vedas

• DIFFERENT SECTS: Shaktism, Vaishnavites, Shaivites

• MAJOR LAWS:» Only enlightened if free from desires» Holy festivals» Pilgrimage to Ganges

• LIFE AFTER DEATH: Reincarnation until karma liberates you from cycle

THE RENAISSANCELIGHTING UP THE DARK AGES

AD 1300-1550

Europe c. 1500

I. The Where and Why…

A) Italy’s Advantages1) Urban centers2) Wealthy merchant class3) Classical heritage

B) VernacularC) PetrarchD) Famous writers

1) Machiavelli: The Prince2) Boccaccio: The Decameron3) Castiglione: The Courtier

II. Golden Age in ArtA) Secular ideas in art,

literature

B) Individualism

C) Realism1) Architecture2) Sculpture3) Painting

i. Perspective

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Michelangelo

Leonardo da Vinci

Raphael

Donatello

III. The North

A) Same trends in art, literature

B) Focus more on religion1) Erasmus of Rotterdam

THE REFORMATIONThe Rise of Protestantism

AD 1300-1550

I. Stop the Presses!

• 1456: Johan Gutenburg invents printing press

• Spreads Bible

• Impact?

II. The Case Against the ChurchA. 1517: Martin Luther writes 95

Theses against church, founds own religion (Lutheran) 1) Catholic church never recovers2) “Justification by faith alone”

B. Lutheranism spreads1) People like having CHOICE!!!

Figure 1: The guy we’re talking about

Figure 2: Not the guy we’re talking about

III. Catholic ResponseA. Re-establish authority

1) Inquisition

B. Continue losing power

C. Used to be unifying force in Europe1) Euro states/regions

start drifting apart

IS THIS REALLY HELPING?

With hocked gems financing himOur hero bravely defied all scornful laughterThat tried to prevent his schemeYour eyes deceive, he said,An egg,Not a table,Correctly typifies this unexplored domain.Now three sturdy sisters sought proofForging along sometimes through calm vastnessYet more often over turbulent peaks and valleysDays became weeksAs many doubters spread fearful rumoursAbout the edgeAt last from nowhere winged creatures appearedSignifying momentous success.

EXPLORATIONLeaving EuropeAD 1492-1700

I. Why Explore?A) THE THREE “G”s:

1) God

2) Gold

3) Glory

II. Side Track!A. China, Japan, India developing

civilizations in East Asia

B. Lose desire to communicate with West

C. Slowly fall behind developmental curve

Figure 1: Early Japanese Samurai

Figure 2: Last Samurai

Figure 3: Dwarfing Columbus

RISE OF THE MODERN POWERS

Leaving EuropeAD 1492-1700

I. THE STANDINGS IN 1550A. Spain

1) Most powerful country in world

2) Dominates almost all of the Americas

B. Portugal1) Second biggest empire2) Groundbreaking maritime

C. England, France constantly fight each other1) Germany, Italy divided

II. THE STANDINGS IN 1700A. England

1) Navy grows stronger2) Empire now on all continents3) Constitution, Bill of Rights

B. France1) Most powerful in Europe2) King Louis XIV makes sure

people know it

C. Portugal/Spain falling behind

III. A Girl? A GIRL In Charge?!?!?!A. Elizabeth I: English queen

1558-16031) Dad is Henry VIII

B. First powerful female Euro monarch

C. Very powerful1) Fights off major enemies2) Begins building English

empire

IV. Livin’ Big in FranceA. Louis XIV: The Sun King

B. Rules France 1643-1715

C. Very extravagant life, very poor country

D. Lives at Versailles

Figure 1: Nice legs!

V. A King and His CourtA. Builds Versailles to

show glory of monarch

B. Nobility lives there, attends to him in court rituals

C. Lavish lifestyleA. Nobility and royalty

don’t pay taxes

MONEY TALKS

The Cost of Building Versailles

CLIP IT UP!

CHECK OUT THE FILM CLIP THAT SHOWS WHAT LIFE IS LIKE AT VERSAILLES!

39:00

COST OF VERSAILLES

LOW-END ESTIMATE: $2 billion

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• You could meet

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