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Art‐Net
How it works and its benefits in large scale installations.
Wayne HowellCreative Director
Artistic Licence
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Artistic Licence
Wayne Howell
• Creative Director Artistic Licence
• Inventor of Art‐Net
• Active in ESTA Standards Programme
• Member of DMX512 design group
• Member of RDM design group
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Agenda
• One hour session
• The history
• What is Art‐Net?
• How does Art‐Net work?
• Large scale applications
• Good network design
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
The History of Art‐Net
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Audience Participation
But first audience participation time:
• What do you do?
– End User
– Manufacturer
– Distributer
– Developer
– Specifier
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Audience Participation
• Who uses DMX regularly?
• Who uses Ethernet regularly?
• Who uses Art‐Net regularly?
• Who understands the term “Collision Domain”?
• Who cares whether they understand the term “Collision Domain”?
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
History
• 30 years ago
– Analogue multicore• 25 years ago
– Analogue multiplex• 20 years ago
– DMX512• 15 years ago
– DMX512 multicore
• 10 years ago
– Networking
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Analogue Multicore
• Single wire = Single channel
• Multiple formats:– 0 to +5V
– 0 to ‐12V
– 0 to +10V
• Incompatible connectors:– DB25
– DB37
– Socapex 37Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Analogue Multiplex
• Single wire = Multiple channel
• Driven by theatre industry
• Multiple formats:
– AMX192
– D54
– S20
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Digital Multiplex
• Single wire = Multiple channel
• Longer cable length
• Higher channel count
• Improved reliability
• Proprietary solutions
• Compatibility issues
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
DMX512
• Developed by USITT
• Managed by ESTA
• 512 channels per cable
• 300m maximum distance
• 32 Fixtures per cable
• Standardised across manufacturers
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Networking
• LED technology increases channel thirst exponentially
• 512 channels no longer adequate
• Network technology offers the solution
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Early Protocols
• Strand ShowNet
• ETC ETCNet
• Other proprietary protocols.
• Cast WYSIWYG
• Art‐Net
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Art‐Net
• Conceived as a DMX Multicore
• Solved a problem
• Published on a royalty free basis
• Widespread industry support
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
EthernetWhy use for Lighting?
• Existing network protocols• Low cost Cat5 cable• Better contractor understanding
• Higher bandwidth• Existing building networks can be used
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
EthernetWhy use for Lighting?
• Progression path to faster systems
• Leverage existing IT market technology
• A 10BaseT network cable can carry approximately 40 times more data than a DMX cable
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
EthernetWhy use for Lighting?
• Ethernet can be transmitted over a variety of media:– WiFi– LASER– Telephones– ADSL– ISDN– Fibre optic
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
EthernetWhy use for Lighting?
• All modern ethernet wiring is star format
• Increases system reliability compared to ‘Ring’ or ‘Loop Through’
• Better configurabilityArt‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
EthernetThe down side
• Star wiring topology makes touring applications more complex
• Cable distance limited to 100m
• Higher knowledge levels required by designers & installers
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Art‐Net The Benefits
• Remote patching of all DMX512 inputs and outputs
• Allows DMX512 data to be merged in either LTP or HTP
• Simple to implement new features – e.g. remote control of the lighting console
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Art‐Net The Benefits
• Supports RDM standard • Macro triggering• Open access to protocol• Free and public domain resources such as:– DMX‐Workshop– WireShark– Net‐View allows monitoring via a radio link
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Is DMX Dead?
• No!• Art‐Net will work together with DMX
• Ethernet would not work in all applications
• Commercial resistance to change
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
A Networking Primer
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet How To Use It
• Ethernet is less forgiving than DMX512
• Follow the rules
• Use the correct cable
• Use the correct connectors
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Media Types
• Media Type is the physical entity used to carry the data. Copper or Fibre.– Cat1 to Cat4 not important– Cat5: 10BaseT & 100BaseT– Cat5e: Better Cat5– Cat6: Gigabit (1000BaseT)– Cat7: 10 Gigabit
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• Physical Layer means the network electrical connection
• Example: 10BaseT– T = Twisted Pair
– Base = Baseband
– 10 = Multiply by 106 for bps
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• 10Base2
• Old style coaxial cable– Speed: 10 Meg
– Max Cable: 185m
– Topology: Ring (Delta)
– Band: Baseband
• No longer in widespread use
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• 10BaseT• Uses UTP Cat5 cable
– Speed: 10 Meg– Max Cable: 100m– Topology: Star– Band: Baseband
• Widely used in Entertainment Networks – particularly for end data delivery
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• 100BaseT (Fast Ethernet)• Uses UTP Cat5 cable
– Speed: 100 Meg– Max Cable: 100m– Topology: Star– Band: Baseband
• Widely used in Entertainment Networks – particularly for console communications.
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• 100BaseFx• Uses fibre optic cable
– Speed: 100 Meg– Max Cable Single Mode: 10km– Max Cable Multimode: 2km– Topology: Star– Band: Baseband
• Widely used to back bones in Entertainment Technology
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Physical Layer
• 1000BaseT (Gigabit)• Uses UTP Cat6 cable
– Speed: 1000 Meg– Max Cable: 100m– Topology: Star– Band: Baseband
• Widely used video streaming applications.
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet The Cable
• Coaxial
• UTP
• STP
• Fibre– Single Mode
– Multi Mode
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet The Cable
• Solid Conductor:– Installation
– 100m for 10BaseT
• Stranded or Patch– Portable
– Patch Bay
– 80m for 10BaseT
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet The Connector
• RJ45– Screened
– Wire Type
– Cat Rating
– Industrial – (Neutrik)
– Waterproof –(Woodhouse)
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Wiring Schemes
• MDI– Used on all Nodes
– 4 wires used for 10BaseT & 100BaseTX
– 8 wires used for 100BaseT4 & Gigabit
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
MDI
Pin Name Purpose
1 Tx+ Transmit Data
2 Tx- Transmit Data
3 Rx+ Receive Data
4 BD3+ Not used in 10BaseT
5 BD3- Not used in 10BaseT
6 Rx- Receive Data
7 BD4+ Not used in 10BaseT
8 BD4- Not used in 10BaseT
Ethernet Wiring Schemes
• MDI‐X– Used on all Hubs, Switches & Routers
– MDI‐X is MDI with built in cross over cable
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
MDI-X
Pin Name Purpose
1 Rx+ Receive Data
2 Rx- Receive Data
3 Tx+ Transmit Data
4 BD3+ Not used in 10BaseT
5 BD3- Not used in 10BaseT
6 Tx- Transmit Data
7 BD4+ Not used in 10BaseT
8 BD4- Not used in 10BaseT
Ethernet Wiring Schemes
• Auto‐MDI– Many products now automatically detect and correct MDI / MDI‐X wiring errors
– Hubs usually have an ‘UpLink’ port that has MDI wiring
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Wiring Schemes
• Auto‐Polarity– Auto‐Polarity is different to Auto‐MDI
– It corrects for a mis‐wired pair.
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Straight or Cross?
• Straight Cable– Hub to Node– MDI to MDI‐X
• Cross Cable– Node to Node– Hub to Hub– MDI to MDI– MDI‐X to MDI‐X
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Cable Colours
• Colours:– Yellow = Straight
– Red = Cross
– Green = DMX
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Data Distribution
• Hub:– Just an electrical repeater
– Analogous to DMX Splitter
– Follow 5‐4‐3 Rule
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Data Distribution
• Switch (Bridge):– Intelligent repeater
– Retransmits data
– Terminates Collision Domain
– No 5‐4‐3 Rule
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Ethernet Hub or Switch?
• Hub:– Faster– No configuration– No broadcast blocking
• Switch:– Bandwidth management
– No 5‐4‐3
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
?
How does Art‐Net work?
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Under the hood
The ArtDmx Packet• Contains 512 bytes of data from DMX512.
• The destination Universe
• A few control fields for error checking
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Broad – Uni‐Multi ‐Casting
• Broadcast– One to All
• Unicast– One to One
• Multicast– One to Many
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Broadcasting
• Original concept of “Digital Multicore”used Broadcast
• Benefit of simplicity for users
• Burns network bandwidth
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Art‐Net II
• Needed as universe count increased.
• Uses simple algorithm to Unicast
• Fully compatible with Art‐Net I
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Polling
• ArtPoll – Console broadcasts “Who is there?”
• ArtPollReply– Dimmers and lamps reply with their information and status
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Sensing
• ArtTod – End devices broadcast their list of connected RDM devices
• ArtRdm– Art‐Net is used as a carrier to route RDM messages over the network
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
What is RDM?
• RDM is a new way of sending data in two directions over the DMX cable
• Set the start address or personality remotely
• Retrieve sensors and status
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
How does it work?
• It uses pins 2 & 3 just like DMX512
• The direction of the DMX cable occasionally switches to let data return
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Conclusions
Art‐Net leverages the following technologies to provide a public and royalty free solution to today’s lighting control needs:
• DMX512
• RDM
• Ethernet
• TCP/IP
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Large Scale Applications
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
• Colour Changing Fixtures
• Control System
• Installation
• Training
• Programming
• Maintenance
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Broadgate
• Colour Change
• In‐Ground
• Waterproof
• Low Power
• Low Maintenance
• Long Life
• Remote ConfiguredArt-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
The Fixture
• Line Voltage
• Temperature
• Water
• Start address
• Lamp on time
• Fixture on time
• FirmwareArt-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
The Sensors
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
The Network
Colour-Tramp PC Ethernet
Iso-spit #1
DMX-Cat #1
Ether-Lynx #1
Ether-Lynx #2
Ethernet Hub Ethernet
DM
X U
nive
rse
1
U1-105-122
U1-111-122
U1-117-122
U1-122-123
U1-105-120
U1-111-120
U1-117-120
U1-123-122
U1-105-118
U1-111-118
Iso-spit #2
DMX-Cat #2
U1-117-118
U1-123-120
U1-105-116
U1-111-116
U1-117-116
U1-123-118
U1-105-114
U1-111-114
U1-117-114
Iso-spit #3
DMX-Cat #3
U2-123-116
U2-105-112
U2-111-112
U2-117-112
U2-123-114
U2-105-110
U2-111-110
U2-117-110
U2-123-112
U2-105-108
Iso-spit #4
DMX-Cat #4
U2-111-108
U2-117-108
U2-123-110
U2-105-106
U2-111-106
U2-117-106
U2-123-108
U2-105-104
U2-111-104
DM
X U
nive
rse
2
Ballymore Properties Landmark in London
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Pan Peninsular
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Knoxx Nightclub
Largest club light feature in Europe
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
UB40 Dub Sessions
So is DMX dead?
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
City of Dreams ‐Macau
Bubble Theatre is one part of massive control network
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
O2 Dome
A holistic approach to lighting control
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Hotel Puerta de America Madrid
Control and streaming video
Art-Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Aspire Tower Doha
High speed animation
Still confused about ethernet?
• Rock Solid Ethernet about ethernet in entertainment technology
• Written by Artistic’s Wayne Howell
• Available from ET Press
• See us on Stand E32Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Art‐Net
Visit Artistic Licence on Stand E32
Wayne HowellCreative Director
Artistic Licence
Art‐Net at PLASA09 by Wayne Howell
Artistic Licence
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