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Introduction
PHARMACOGNOSY
CHAPTER 1:
Dr. Amol Kharat
Introduction
to Biology
Objective
• To study biology
• Underdesciplined branches
• Applied botany
• Applied biology• Applied biology
• Relevance of biology to pharmaceutical
sciences
Scientific study of life
Biology
Scientific study of life
Origin:
Greek words = Bios (life) + Logy (study)
1. Education
2. Satisfy curiosity
3. Sense of control
4. Economic
5. Quality of Life
The Importance of Biology
5. Quality of Life
6. Resource Management
7. Prevention and Treatment
8. Problem-solving
9. Rewarding careers
.
• Anatomy
• Biochemistry
• Cytology
• Bacteriology
• Botany
• Histology
• Ecology
• Genetics
• Ecology
• Embryology
Field of Study in Biology
• Botany
• Entomology
• Mycology
• Parasitology
• Toxicology
• Virology
• Zoology
• Embryology
• Dentistry
• Pharmacy
• Veterinary
• Microbiology
• Physiology
• and more….
Research Scientist
Info-relatedEducation
Careers Related to Biology
Careers
Administrations
Outdoor
Medical & Health Care
Scientific
KnowledgeScientific
Skills
4 Components in Biology
Scientific
MethodScientific
Attitudes
Components
Component 1 Scientific Knowledge
• The content of Biology knowledge
Component 2
2 categories:
a) Science process skills
Scientific Skills
a) Science process skillsMental skills needed to carry out experiments.
b) Science manipulative skillsPsychomotor (‘mind and muscle’) skills / action
Component 2Scientific Skills
– Observing – Using space-time
relationship
Science Process Skills
– Classifying
– Measuring and using
numbers
– Inferring
– Predicting
– Communicating
relationship
– Interpreting data
– Defining operationally
– Controlling variables
– Hypothesizing
– Experimenting
Component 2Scientific Skills
– Using and handling science apparatus and laboratory
substances correctly
Science Manipulative Skills
substances correctly
– Handling specimen correctly and carefully
– Drawing specimens, apparatus and laboratory
substances accurately
– Cleaning science apparatus correctly
– Storing science apparatus and laboratory substances
correctly and safely
Component 3
Identifying a Problem
Hypothesis Formulation
Scientific Method
Experiment
Conclusion
Do the result support the hypothesis?
Accept hypothesis Reject hypothesis
Yes No
Make
additional
hypothesis?
Revise
hypothesis
or propose
a new one
Component 4
Scientific Attitude Noble Values
Interest and curiosity of the environment Realizing that science is a mean to
understand natureBeing and persevering
Scientific Attitudes
Being and persevering
Responsible about the safety Appreciating and practising clean and
healthy livingsBeing respectful and well-mannered
Being cooperative Appreciating the balance of nature
Daring to try Appreciating the contribution of science
and technologyBeing confident and independent
Being honest, objective, systematic Being thankful to God
Having critical and analytical thinking
Thinking rationally
Outcome
• Student acquire knowledge about
• biology
• Underdesciplined branches
• Applied botany• Applied botany
• Applied biology
• Relevance of biology to pharmaceutical
sciences
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