Periodic Table. Metals n Conductors n Lose electrons n Malleable and ductile

Periodic TablePeriodic Table

MetalsMetals ConductorsConductors Lose electronsLose electrons Malleable and ductileMalleable and ductile

NonmetalsNonmetals BrittleBrittle Gain electronsGain electrons Covalent bondsCovalent bonds

Semi-metals or MetalloidsSemi-metals or Metalloids

Alkali Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

Halogens

Transition metals

Noble Gases

Inner Transition Metals

+1+2 -1-2-3

Naming compoundsNaming compounds Two typesTwo types IonicIonic - metal and non metal or polyatomics. - metal and non metal or polyatomics. CovalentCovalent- we will just learn the rules for 2 - we will just learn the rules for 2

non-metals.non-metals.

Ionic compoundsIonic compounds If the cation is monoatomic- Name the If the cation is monoatomic- Name the

metal (cation) just write the name.metal (cation) just write the name. If the cation is polyatomic- name it.If the cation is polyatomic- name it. If the anion is monoatomic- name it but If the anion is monoatomic- name it but

change the ending to change the ending to –ide.–ide. If the anion is poly atomic- just name itIf the anion is poly atomic- just name it Practice.Practice.

Covalent compoundsCovalent compounds Two words, with prefixes.Two words, with prefixes. Prefixes tell you how many.Prefixes tell you how many. mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, septa, nona, mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, septa, nona,

decadeca First element whole name with the First element whole name with the

appropriate prefix, except mono.appropriate prefix, except mono. Second element, Second element, -ide -ide ending with ending with

appropriate prefix.appropriate prefix. PracticePractice

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds Have to know what ions they formHave to know what ions they form off table, polyatomic, or figure it outoff table, polyatomic, or figure it out CaSCaS KK22SS

AlPOAlPO44

KK22SOSO44

FeSFeS CoICoI33

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds FeFe22(C(C22OO44))

MgOMgO MnOMnO

KMnOKMnO44

NHNH44NONO33

HgHg22ClCl22

CrCr22OO33

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds KClOKClO44

NaClONaClO33

YBrOYBrO22

Cr(ClO)Cr(ClO)66

COCO22

CO CO CClCCl44

NN22OO44

XeFXeF66

NN44OO44

PP22OO1010

Naming Covalent CompoundsNaming Covalent Compounds

Ionic FormulasIonic Formulas Sodium nitrideSodium nitride sodium- Na is always +1sodium- Na is always +1 nitride - ide tells you it comes from the nitride - ide tells you it comes from the

tabletable nitride is Nnitride is N-3-3

Ionic FormulasIonic Formulas Sodium nitrideSodium nitride sodium- Na is always +1sodium- Na is always +1 Nitride - ide tells you it comes from the Nitride - ide tells you it comes from the

tabletable nitride is Nnitride is N-3-3

Na+1 N-3

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds Sodium sulfiteSodium sulfite calcium iodidecalcium iodide Lead (II) oxide Lead (II) oxide Lead (IV) oxideLead (IV) oxide Mercury (I) sulfideMercury (I) sulfide Barium chromateBarium chromate Aluminum hydrogen sulfateAluminum hydrogen sulfate Cerium (IV) nitriteCerium (IV) nitrite

Covalent compoundsCovalent compounds The name tells you how to write the The name tells you how to write the

formulaformula Sulfur dioxideSulfur dioxide diflourine monoxidediflourine monoxide nitrogen trichloridenitrogen trichloride diphosphorus pentoxidediphosphorus pentoxide

AcidsAcids Substances that produce HSubstances that produce H++ ions when ions when

dissolved in water.dissolved in water. All acids begin with H.All acids begin with H. Two types of acids: Two types of acids: OxyacidsOxyacids Non-oxyacidsNon-oxyacids

Naming acidsNaming acids If the formula has oxygen in itIf the formula has oxygen in it write the name of the anion, but change write the name of the anion, but change

– ate to -ic acidate to -ic acid– ite to -ous acidite to -ous acid

Watch out for sulfWatch out for sulfururic and sulfic and sulfururousous

HH22CrOCrO44

HMnOHMnO44

HNOHNO22

Naming acidsNaming acids If the acid doesn’t have oxygenIf the acid doesn’t have oxygen add the prefix hydro-add the prefix hydro- change the suffix -ide to -ic acidchange the suffix -ide to -ic acid HClHCl HH22SS

HCNHCN

Formulas for acidsFormulas for acids Backwards from names.Backwards from names. If it has hydro- in the name it has no oxygenIf it has hydro- in the name it has no oxygen Anion ends in -ideAnion ends in -ide No hydro, anion ends in -ate or -iteNo hydro, anion ends in -ate or -ite Write anion and add enough H to balance Write anion and add enough H to balance

the charges.the charges.

Formulas for acidsFormulas for acids hydrofluoric acidhydrofluoric acid dichromic aciddichromic acid carbonic acidcarbonic acid hydrophosphoric acidhydrophosphoric acid hypofluorous acidhypofluorous acid perchloric acidperchloric acid phosphorous acid phosphorous acid

HydratesHydrates Some salts trap water crystals when they Some salts trap water crystals when they

form crystals.form crystals. These are hydrates.These are hydrates. Both the name and the formula needs to Both the name and the formula needs to

indicate how many water molecules are indicate how many water molecules are trapped.trapped.

In the name we add the word hydrate with a In the name we add the word hydrate with a prefix that tells us how many water prefix that tells us how many water molecules. molecules.

HydratesHydrates In the formula you put a dot and then write In the formula you put a dot and then write

the number of molecules.the number of molecules. Calcium chloride dihydrate = CaClCalcium chloride dihydrate = CaCl2222 Chromium (III) nitrate hexahydrate = Chromium (III) nitrate hexahydrate =

Cr(NOCr(NO33))33 6H 6H22O O