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PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS. The Joy of Teaching - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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PAST SIMPLE or
PAST CONTINUOUS
The Joy of TeachingIt was ten to twelve in a beautiful Autumn morning. The English teacher
came into the classroom. He was wearing a black shirt and grey trousers. He
was carrying his textbook, the registry notebook, his laptop, a big and heavy
sound system. The pupils were chatting and making a lot of noise. He was
used to it. He switched on the computer, turned on the projector, roll called
38 names and started to teach the differences between the Past Simple and
the Past Continuous. He taught how to use the auxiliary “did” while some
pupils were talking aloud about their weekend. He heard two girls gossiping.
They were making fun of his chalk stained trousers. Then he wrote the
spelling rules of –ing forms, but he saw some students were using their
mobile phones. One of them was laughing at some dumb picture on the
screen. Next, he gave the students some photocopies with exercises to be
done during the class. Five minutes later, he realised no one was doing the
exercises. All of the students were chatting, drawing on the photocopies,
browsing the textbook or even exchanging stupid notes .
Then he shot them. Each and every one.
When the police and the ambulances arrived, he was calmly explaining the
Past Continuous to a silent, peaceful class in a beautiful Autumn morning at
IES ALBERO
The pupils weren’t listening. He was used to it.
One morning I shot an elephant in my pyjamas. How he got into my pyjamas I'll never know. Groucho Marx
I never killed a man, but I read many an obituary with a great deal of satisfaction.
I didn't attend the funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying that I approved of it.
Mark Twain
The Simple PastThe Simple Past
The Simple PastThe Simple Past We use the simple past to indicate exactly when an action or event took
place in the past.
I visited my sister yesterday.We went out to dinner last night.
a finished action in the past My parents met in 1987. They got married
in 1992. I was born in 1996.
actions that follow each other in a story Mary walked into the room and stopped.
a past situation or habit When I was a child, we lived in a small
house by the sea.
Use
Time expressions
last night, last week, last year, last...
two days ago, 25 years ago, a long time ago…
yesterday, yesterday morning…
In 1962, in September 1996, in the 19th century…
On Monday…
At 11.30 last night…
When I was a child…
PAST SIMPLE
Verbs can be:
REGULAR: I played tennis yesterday. My sister studied in
Harvard University. Our teacher lived in Australia.
IRREGULAR She ate a salad last night. My mum bought a new car. I wore a mini skirt to the party.
If the base verb ends in: do this:
And add For example:
consonant + vowel + consonant
and a stressed syllable
double the final consonant
-ing-ed
stop > stopping > stopped
begin > beginningtap > tapping > tappedBut, for example:open > opening >
opened(because no stress on last
syllable of open)
consonant + -e remove the -e-ing-ed
phone > phoning > phoned
dance > dancing > danced
make > makingrake > raking > rakeddye > dying > dyed
-iechange the -ie to -y -ing
lie > lyingdie > dying
nothing -dlie > lieddie > died
Forming the simple past tense (REGULAR VERBS)
We add -ED al verbo:BOIL BOILED WORK WORKEDFILL FILLED WATCH WATCHED
Some exceptions: Verbs ending in E add –D
LIVE LIVED DANCE DANCEDDATE DATED BAKE BAKED
Verbs ending in consonant + Y: -iedTRY TRIEDCRY CRIED
Verbs ending in CVC, double consonant.TAP TAPPED (RAIN RAINED)COMMIT COMMITTED
PAST SIMPLE: affirmative, negative or interrogative
AFFIRMATIVE: He painted the wall We woke up very early
NEGATIVE: He didn’t paint the wall We didn’t wake up very early
INTERROGATIVE: Did Peter paint the wall?Yes, he did/No, he didn’t Did we wake up very early? Yes, we did/No, we
didn’t.
Wh- questions
Wh- + did + Subject + Verb + Comp
Where did your parents go last Saturday?
Why did your boyfriend kiss that girl?
When did you arrive home last night?
How many exams did you do last week?
Who did you see at the party?
Who saw you at the party?
Past continuous
“I wasn't kissing her, I was whispering in her mouth.” Chico
Marx
The Past ProgressiveThe Past Progressive The past progressive is used to talk about an
activity that was in progress at a specific point of time in the past. The emphasis is on the duration of the activity in the past.
I was studying for an exam while my mother was cooking dinner.
We were walking in the park around 7 p.m. last night.
The Past ProgressiveThe Past Progressive The past progressive is often used with the
simple past to show that one action was in progress when another action occurred.
I was taking a bath when the doorbell rang.They were eating dinner when the neighbors
stopped by for a visit.
Form
Subject + Was / were + verb + -ing They were driving to Paris. We weren’t waiting for a long time. What were they doing? Our teacher was wearing a blue jacket. My mum wasn’t sleeping when I arrived. Why were you crying when I saw you…?
If the base verb ends in: do this:
And add For example:
consonant + vowel + consonant
and a stressed syllable
double the final consonant
-ing-ed
stop > stopping > stopped
begin > beginningtap > tapping > tappedBut, for example:open > opening >
opened(because no stress on last
syllable of open)
consonant + -e remove the -e-ing-ed
phone > phoning > phoned
dance > dancing > danced
make > makingrake > raking > rakeddye > dying > dyed
-iechange the -ie to -y -ing
lie > lyingdie > dying
nothing -dlie > lieddie > died
PAST CONTINUOUS: affirmative, negative or interrogative
AFIRMATIVA: He was painting the wall We were waking up very early
NEGATIVA: He wasn’t painting the wall We weren’t waking up very early
INTERROGATIVA: Was he painting the wall? Were we waking up very early?
Use to express activities in progress before, and
probably after, a particular time in the past I was sleeping when you phoned me. It was 3
a.m!!!
for descriptions Lynn looked beautiful.She was wearing a green
dress. She was dressed to kill!
to express an interrupted past activity When the phone rang, I was having a shower.
to express an incomplete activity I was reading a book during the flight.
PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS
WHEN + AN ACTION THAT INTERRUPTS ANOTHER LONGER ACTION John was watching TV when his friend arrived.
When the teacher came into the classroom, everybody was dancing.
I was smoking when my mum entered my bedroom.
WHILE + LONGER ACTION IN THE PAST CONTINUOUS While / as I was talking on the phone, the doorbell rang .
My friends arrived while my dad was sleeping a siesta. He shouted at them!
Past simple or continuous?
Sometimes both tenses are possible. The Past Simple focuses on past actions as complete facts.
The Past Continuous focuses on the duration of past activities
Compare :
A: I didn’t see you at the party last night. B: No. I stayed at home and watched the football
match. A: I didn’t see you at the party last night. B: No, I was watching the football at home.
I lived in New York for two years. I met my girlfriend there. When I was living in Manhattan I found a job as a teacher.
My sister studied History in Cambridge University. She met most of her friends while she was studying there.
When you tell a story, important facts are expressed in the Past Simple, general situation and descriptions in the Past Continuous.
-It was a beautiful day. The sun was shining and flags were flying high everywhere. Obama felt confident. He spoke to the people in the stadium. They were looking at him anxiously.
- Peter saw Susan at the party. She was wearing a beautiful blue dress. Everybody was dancing and having a good time.
An old pirate was sitting in the bar. He was smoking
a pipe and drinking a glass of rum. He was wearing
an eye patch and he had a parrot on his shoulder
and a wooden leg. Instead of his right hand he had a
metal hook. A young sailor was chatting with the pirate
and he asked him about his adventures at sea.
‘So, how did you lose your leg?’, the young man asked the
pirate.
‘Arrr! ,’ said the pirate, ‘You see, some sharks were circling
the ship when I fell overboard. Luckily, my men pulled me back
onto the ship before the sharks ate me completely, but one of the
sharks got
my leg.’
‘And how about the hook on your hand? How did you lose
your hand?’
‘I was boarding a ship when another sailor cut off my
hand with a sword.’
‘That’s amazing! What a life full of adventures!’ said the
young man. ‘And how about your eye? How did you lose
that?’
‘I was eating a grapefruit when the juice went into my
eye.’
‘But I don’t understand. How did you lose your eye from
the grapefruit juice?’
‘Arrr!’ said the pirate, ‘it
was my first day with the new
hook.’
A SPOOKY STORY
It was just before midnight on October 31st
last year. Susan Lee was driving home after
visiting her sister. The road was clear and
she was driving carefully. Suddenly, out of nowhere,a
young man stepped out in front of her. He was wearing a
dark coloured raincoat and carrying a backpack. Susan
stepped hard on the brake pedal but it was too late. She
got out of the car but, to her surprise, there was nobody
there. While she was looking under the car, she felt a cold
wind on her face and a strange presence that sent shivers
down her spine.
She was still looking under her car when a lorry stopped
behind her. The lorry driver, a middle-aged man, walked up
to her and asked her if she needed help to start her car so
she told him what had happened. He didn’t seem surprised
when Susan told him about the young man. 'In October
1978, there was a car accident
on this road and a
hitchhiker was fatally run over.
You're not the first to have seen his
ghost here', he said in a mysterious
tone.
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