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Overview
ParkesrecognisedasanSKAPathfinderin2016forphasedarrayandwide-bandwidthfeedtechnologydevelopment
ParkesalsoundertakingsciencegearedtowardsthescienceprioritiesoftheSKA
The‘Dish’
PhasedArrayFeeds
Wide-bandwidthFeeds
SKASciencewithParkes
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen2 |
‘TheDish’BriefHistory
• 64mradiotelescope,~380kmwestofSydney,~20kmnorthfromtownofParkes
• Threeyearstodesignandtwoyearstobuild-officiallyopenedon31October1961
• 55yearsyounglastyear!
• Continualupgrades&evolutionhavebeenkey(newsurfaces,newfocuscabin,newreceiverse.g.multibeam,backendsystems)
• Multitudeofscientificdiscovery
• Otheractivities- spacecrafttracking(‘TheDish’)
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen3 |
‘TheDish’CurrentCapability
• ‘Front-ends’:
• 700MHz->22GHzthroughnumerousreceiversincludingthe10/50andthe13-beammultibeam
• ‘Back-ends’:
• Forsingle-beamtimedomain(events<1s)andspectrometry(“DFB4”)
• Forsingle-beamtimedomainandnewlimitedpiggybackspectrometry(“CASPSR”)
• Formulti-beam(13beams)timedomainandspectrometry(“HIPSR/BPSR”)
• ForVeryLongBaselineInterferometry,VLBI(“DAS”&“Mk-V”)
• PartofLongBaselineArray
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen4 |
• Crucialtoenablinghighsurveyspeedsforlarge-area/all-skyscience
• ConsortiumworkingonPAFdesigns,partofAdvancedInstrumentationProgramme ->ObservatoryDevelopmentProgramme
• Variousdesigns/technologiesbeingexplored,e.g.->
• AustralianSKAPathfinderPhasedArrayFeeds
• Initial‘BETA’usedCSIRO1st
generation,“MKI”,PAFs
• 30nowoutfittedwith2nd generation,“MKII”PAFs->36
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen
PhasedArrayFeeds(PAFs)SKAPerspective
6 |
TheteamsfromCanada(NRC),theNetherlands(ASTRON)and
Australia(CSIRO)withtheirrespectivePhasedArrayFeeddesigns
PhasedArrayFeeds(PAFs)CSIRO&ParkesDevelopment
• MaxPlanckInstitute(MPIfR)PhasedArrayFeed- Re-purposedASKAPfeed(“MKII”),commissionedonParkesin2016
• Timed3Pulsarssimultaneously
• Spectrallineobservations- veryflatandstablebandpass
• 12-mantennamonitoringVelapulsar(“MKII”PAF)
• ‘Rocket’PhasedArrayFeed(thirdgeneration)
• Prototypeondishtesting(plusaperturetests)May2016- veryencouragingforpurposebuiltversion
• 700MHz– 2GHz,3xMBfieldofview,sub-20KTsys
• LIEFproposalsubmittedforfundingfor2018construction
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen7 |
PhasedArrayFeeds(PAFs)CSIRO&ParkesDevelopment
30
Feed array performance comparison
Parkesmul+beam(T/η)
Parkesmul+beam
Chippendaleetal.(arXiv:1606.03533)
CryogenicrocketPAF(est.)
CryogenicrocketPAF(est)
MPIPAF
MPIPAF
System
Tem
perature/Efficien
cy
PHISCC2017 Pune
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen8 |
• Enablesaffordablefrequencyagilityandmorescience!
• SKAconsortiumdedicatedtothisactivity(‘WBSPF’),partofAdvancedInstrumentationProgramme
• Typicalreceivershavean‘octave’bandwidthratioof~1:1.85,e.g.H-OHreceiveris1.2to1.8GHz
• ‘Wide-bandwidth’pushestechnologytoratiosof1:3,1:5,1:10….
• Reducesneedformultiplereceiversandprovidesmorefrequencycoveragesimultaneously
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen
Wide-bandwidthFeedsSKAPerspective
10 |
SKA
SKA
SKA
Wide-bandwidthFeedsCSIRO&ParkesDevelopment
• Ultra-WidebandLowFrequencySinglePixelFeed
• Quadridge structurewithdielectricspear
• 0.7—4.0GHz
• PartlyfundedthroughAustralianResearchCouncilLIEFgrant
• Scheduledforcompletionandinstallationlate2017
• Ultra-WidebandMid/HighFrequencySinglePixelFeed(s)inplanning
• Oneortwofeedstocover4GHzupto25GHz
• Widebandfeedsshare‘pan’:focuscabinwith1PAF+singlepixelcoverage0.7->~25GHz
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen11 |
AlexDunning
• PulsarSearching• Detectionmachine>1500,~1/2ofall• Cryo-PAF– largerfieldofview+localisation
• ParkesTiming• ParkesPulsarTimingArray(PPTA):decadeofhighprecisionmeasurements
• Ultra-Wideband– increasedsensitivity/improvedTime-Of-Arrivals
• Transients- FastRadioBursts(FRBs)• FirstFRBdiscoveredwithParkes(Lorimeretal.2007)• >=21of>=26todatediscoveredwithParkes• Majorsearchcampaigns,e.g.SUPERBreal-timedetectionproject
• Cryo-PAF– largerfieldofview+localisation
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen
SKASciencePulsarsandTransients
13 |
Credit:MPIfRCh.Ng.
• HIParkesAllSkySurvey(HIPASS),SouthernGalacticPlaneSurvey(SGPS),GalacticAllSkySurvey(GASS)
• ParkessurveyedownGalaxy,Magellanicclouds,1000sofnearbyGalaxies,pushingfurtherinredshift
• ObservationsmadewithMPIfRPAF
• Cryo-PAFHI- intendedforgalaxygascontent,cosmicweb,intensitymapping
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen
SKAScienceHydrogenovercosmictime
14 |
Kim
etal.2003
SKAScienceSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence:BreakthroughListen
• 5-yearprogramme,multi-yearinvestmentfortelescopetime
• OfficiallybeganobservingOctober/November2016
• Observingblockseachday,steppingintime(LocalSiderealTime)throughtheweek
• DedicatedbackendmanagedbyUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley
• InitialtestsysteminstalledFeb/Mar2016
• SinglebeamsysteminstalledSept&Dec2016
• Multibeam systemtobeinstalledJune2017
• Openaccesstodataplanned(throughPawsey)
• Targetedobservations,Galacticplanesurvey,transients/FRBs
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen15 |
SKASciencePreparingtheastronomersoftheSKAera
• PULSE@Parkes programme
• Pulsarfocused,secondary-leveleducationprogramme withreal-timeaccessto,andcontrolof,ParkesTelescope
• ~1500highschoolstudentstodate,~130schools,sessionsacrossAustralia,plusCanada,China,England,Japan,SouthAfrica&Wales
• UndergraduateExtensiontotheprogramme
• ObservingwithParkes,TrainingandIntroduction,ModuleforUniversityScience:OPTIMUS
• PartofCSIRO’s’ONPRIME’developmentscheme
• UndergraduateleveltrainingpackageincludingParkestelescopetime
• Extending/varyingsciencetoincludeotheraspects
• We’dloveyourinputondevelopingthis– pleasecontactRobHollowormyself!
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen16 |
Summary
• Parkesformallyrecognised asSKAPathfinder
• Widebandfeed(s)comingtoParkes
• CryogenicallycooledPhasedArrayFeedproposedforParkes
• SKAorientedscienceunderway&enabledbytechnology
• TrainingavenuesforfutureSKAscientists
Parkes&theSKA|JimiGreen17 |
SKA
AlexDunning
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