Other Land Use. Federal Regulation National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) – Environmental Impact...

Other Land Use

Federal Regulation• National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

– Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

– Environmental Mitigation Plan

• Endangered Species Act (1973)

Residential Land Use

Urbanization

Major Spatial Patterns

• Concentric Circle City such as New York• Sector City is the large urban area extending

from San Francisco to San Jose, CA• Multiple Nuclei City is Los Angeles• Megalopolis is when separate cities join such

as the Bowash

Concentric Circle Model

1. Central business district (CBD)2. Deteriorating transition zone3. Worker’s homes4. Middle-class suburbs5. Commuter's zone

Sector Model

1. High-rent residential2. Intermediate-rent residential3. Low-rent residential4. Education and recreation5. Transportation6. Industrial7. Core (CBD)

Multiple-Nuclei Model1. CBD2. Wholesale, light manufacturing3. Low-rent residential4. Intermediate-rent residential5. High-rent residential6. Heavy manufacturing7. Outlying business district8. Residential Suburb9. Industrial Suburb

Urban Resource and Environmental Problems

Urban Resource & Environmental Problems

Urban Sprawl

Causes and Effects

1) Automobiles and Highway Construction

2) Living Costs

3) Urban Blight

4) Government Policies

Smart Growth1) Mixed Land Use2) Range of housing choices3) Walkable neighborhoods4) Community and

stakeholder collaboration in decisions

5) Compact building desgin6) Distinct communities

with a “sense of place”

Smart Growth cont.

7) Preserve farmland and nature

8) Variety of transportation

9) Develop existing communities

10) Fair and cost effective development decisions

Human Waste Generation

Throw-away Society

Composition of Waste

E-waste

Diverting material from the waste stream

Composting

Leachate

Landfills

Problems with landfills

Incineration

Hazardous Waste

RCRA & Superfund

Love Canal

International Consequences

Life-Cycle Analysis

Integrated Waste Management