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Membrane-Enclosed Organelles
By: Nina, Patrice, and Albert
Who has membrane-enclosed organelles?
● Only eukaryotic cells have membrane enclosed organelles.
Why?
● Cells needs to separate proteins.● There are two ways
AggregationCompartments
Eukaryotic cell
● The Eukaryotic cell has many compartments, each with different functions.● 50% of volume are organelles.● All held together by cytoskeleton
(microtubules).● Movement of the organelle is from
cytoskeletal filaments.
Endomembrane System● Cytosol- location of
metabolic pathways and protein synthesis occurs.
● Nucleus- Location of Genome.
Endoplasmic reticulum
● Smooth- Site of hormone synthesis and and site of detoxification.
● Rough- Location of ribosome.
● Golgi Apparatus- Protein and lipids modding, sorting, and packaging.
● Peroxisomes- Breakdown of toxic molecules
● Lysosomes- Intracellular waste disposal and recycling center.
● Endosomes- Compartment where endocytosed material is sorted.
Not in the endomembrane system● Chloroplasts (only in
plant cells)- Location of ATP synthesis and carbon fixation.
● Mitochondria- Producers of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
sbaran.net
EvolutionThe first Eukaryotic cells might have come from simple bacteria. ● Organelles may have evolved in two
ways.● The plasma membrane might have
folded back on itself to create the membrane of the various organelles.
● Mitochondria and Chloroplasts might have been procaryotic cells that got engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.
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