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Notes for DNA & RNA
DNA RNA• Double stranded Single stranded
• Uses the base T Uses the base U
• Sugar is deoxyribose Sugar is ribose
3 types of RNA1. mRNA2. tRNA3. rRNA
1. mRNAMessenger RNA• Takes the code on DNA
from the nucleus to the ribosome.
mRNA
2. tRNATransfer RNA•Brings the amino acids (AA)
to the ribosome.Note: AA+AA+AA= protein
tRNA
Amino Acid Attachment Site
Anticodon Loop
3. rRNARibosomal RNA•Makes up part of the
ribosome.
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
Transcription• This occurs first!• It is the DNA coding into RNA
Note: This has to happen because DNA is trapped in the nucleus and can NEVER leave. The RNA takes the code to the ribosomes.
Translation• This is when the mRNA is
decoded and proteins are assembled.• The enzyme that cuts DNA to
make mRNA is called RNA polymerase.
mRNA
tRNA
Amino Acids
Code this DNA into RNA…
A T T G CU A A C G
Translation
• The mRNA arrives at the ribosome.• tRNA brings AA and arranges them
according to the codons on the mRNA• The anticodon (3 bases) matches up
the correct codon (3 bases)• P. 308-309
End of Translation
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