Norman Sadeh's Presentation

Norman M. SadehProfessor, Carnegie Mellon University

Chief Scientist, Zipano Technologies, Inc.

Privacy, Location and Social Privacy, Location and Social NetworkingNetworking

Can We Reconcile Social Networking

and Privacy?

“You Can’t Argue With Success”

Soon 600M Facebook Users

Perhaps privacy doesn’t

matter?

Even Facebook Doesn’t Think That

“The debate about privacy is really a debate about control…By giving people that control, we enable them to share more stuff.”

Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook

Yet Despite 170 Privacy Settings…

What Is Going On?

Locaccino

Gives us access to detailed usage data

Allows us to experiment with different technologies

Over tens of thousands of downloads over the past 2 years (> 130 countries)

Departs from commercial apps: Expressive privacy settings Auditing functionality

Android Market, Nokia Ovi store, iPhone client, laptop clients

www.locaccino.org

Can You Find a Good Default Policy?

Green: Share

Red: Don’t•Location sharing preferences with CMU campus community•Sample of 30 users•Red: Don’t Disclose•Green: Disclose

The Problem with Default Settings

People tend not to modify their default settings

…Too often Facebook & Co. would like us to start as if we were all “green”

…Rich Preferences…

Loopt & Latitude: Failure due to conservative defaults & restrictive settings (“white lists”)

Here’s the Real Kicker!

More than 2x the sharing with Facebook Friends!2.5 x times the sharing with advertisers!!

Users just err on the safe side in setting up their preferences

…But How Do You Achieve This?

…Canonical Privacy Personas

Pittsburgh, PA

Shopping and Shopping and DiningDiningShopping and Shopping and DiningDining

UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity

ResidentialResidentialResidentialResidential

Location Entropy

Intrinsic Privacy Preferences

Users are more comfortable sharing locations with high entropy

Auditing Functionality

Impact of Auditing

Auditing No Auditing

Average: 122 hr/week

Average: 101 hr/week

Possiblenew rule

Possible rule modification

Engaging Users with Suggestions (patent pending)

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Colleagues

Spouse

FriendsJohnMikeSteveDavePat

HelenChuckMike

Possiblenew group

Legend: Access granted Suggested Rule Change

Audited Request Audit says Deny Access Audit says Grant Access

Not really…

…but we need to help users find their comfort level rather than push aggressive default settings on them

Understandable personas

Auditing

Dialogues & suggestions

So…Are They Irreconcilable?

Minimize future “regret”

Use preferences of like-minded users who have been using the app for 6 months to:

Suggest starting preferences

Help users refine their preferences

…Or Even Nudging Users….

Moving Away from “Disclose” vs. “Do Not Disclose”

“I’m shopping”, “I’m out of town”, …

September 2010 - Slide 21

Functional (F) Business name (B)

Hybrid (H)

State (1) City (2)Region/

Neighborhood(3)Street/

Intersection (4)

Semantic (S) Geographic (G)

Place Names

Personal (P) Address (A) Landmark (L)

House/Builing (5)

Floor/Room (6)

Top Level

Sub Classes

GRANULARITY

Hybrid(6.0%)

Hybrid 6.0%

So Is There Room for Innovation?

We just discussed location

Mobile & social networking: wide range of contextual attributes, apps and services

Ultimately, we will need privacy agents to assist us

Intelligent and capable of asking users just the right questions at the right time

www.locaccino.com

Locaccino: A First Success Story

Q&AResearch at the Mobile Commerce Lab is funded by the US National Science Foundation, the US Army Research Office, CMU CyLab, Microsoft, Google, Nokia, France Telecom, and ICTI

The User-Controllable Privacy Platform on top of which Locaccino

is built is now commercialized by Zipano Technologies.

Relevant Publications - I Norman Sadeh, Jason Hong, Lorrie Cranor, Ian Fette, Patrick Kelley, Madhu Prabaker, and

Jinghai Rao. Understanding and Capturing People’s Privacy Policies in a Mobile Social Networking Application Journal of Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 2009.

Ramprasad Ravichandran, Michael Benisch, Patrick Gage Kelley, and Norman M. Sadeh. Capturing Social Networking Privacy Preferences: Can Default Policies Help Alleviate Tradeoffs between Expressiveness and User Burden? PETS ’09.

Janice Tsai, Patrick Kelley, Paul Hankes Drielsma, Lorrie Cranor, Jason Hong, and Norman Sadeh.Who’s Viewed You? The Impact of Feedback in a Mobile-location System. CHI ’09.

Patrick Kelley, Paul Hankes Drielsma, Norman Sadeh, Lorrie Cranor. User Controllable Learning of Security and Privacy Policies. AISec 2008.

Michael Benisch, Patrick Gage Kelley, Norman Sadeh, Lorrie Faith Cranor. Capturing Location Privacy Preferences: Quantifying Accuracy and User Burden Tradeoffs. CMU-ISR Tech Report 10-105, March 2010. Accepted for publication in Journal of Personal and Ubiquitous Computing

Michael Benisch, Patrick Gage Kelley, Norman Sadeh, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Capturing Location-Privacy Preferences: Quantifying Accuracy and User-Burden Tradeoffs. CMU-ISR Tech Report 10-105, March 2010

Jason Cornwell, Ian Fette, Gary Hsieh, Madhu Prabaker, Jinghai Rao, Karen Tang, Kami Vaniea, Lujo Bauer, Lorrie Cranor, Jason Hong, Bruce McLaren, Mike Reiter, and Norman Sadeh. User-Controllable Security and Privacy for Pervasive Computing. The 8th IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (HotMobile 2007). 2007.

Norman Sadeh, Fabien Gandon and Oh Buyng Kwon. Ambient Intelligence: The MyCampus Experience School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Technical Report CMU-ISRI-05-123, July 2005.

Relevant Publications - II P. Gage Kelley, M. Benisch, L. Cranor and N. Sadeh, “When Are Users Comfortable

Sharing Locations with Advertisers”, in Proceedings of the 29th annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI2011, May 2011. Also available as CMU School of Computer Science Technical Report, CMU-ISR-10-126 and CMU CyLab Tech Report CMU-CyLab-10-017.

J. Cranshaw, E. Toch, J. Hong, A. Kittur, N. Sadeh, "Bridging the Gap Between Physical Location and Online Social Networks", in Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. Ubicomp 2010

E. Toch, J. Cranshaw, P.H. Drielsma, J. Y. Tsai, P. G. Kelley, L. Cranor, J. Hong, N. Sadeh, "Empirical Models of Privacy in Location Sharing", in Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. Ubicomp 2010

Jialiu Lin, Guang Xiang, Jason I. Hong, and Norman Sadeh, "Modeling People’s Place Naming Preferences in Location Sharing", Proc. of the 12th ACM International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, Copenhagen, Denmark, Sept 26-29, 2010.

Karen Tang, Jialiu Lin, Jason Hong, Norman Sadeh, Rethinking Location Sharing: Exploring the Implications of Social-Driven vs. Purpose-Driven Location Sharing. Proc. of the 12th ACM International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, Copenhagen, Denmark, Sept 26-29, 2010.

Some Press Coverage

Startup Zipano sells privacy software to control

who can find you, Pittsburgh Post Gazette

“As Location-Sharing Services Grow, Privacy

Concerns Do Too”, Wall Street Journal

“The Mobile Net: Why to Worry about Privacy

Regs”, Business Week

“Now You Can Track Colleages and Students on

Your Laptop”, Chronicle of Higher Education

Norman Sadeh's Presentation

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