NIMMY SASIDHARAN

WELCOME

DISINFECTION&STERILISATION

PRESENTED BY LT NIMMY SASIDHARAN

STERILISATION

• DEFINITION

• It is the process by which an article ,surface , or medium is freed of all living microorganisms either in the vegetative or spore state

DISINFECTION

•Disinfection means the destruction or removal of all pathogenic organisms , or organisms capable of giving rise to infection, but not the spores.

TYPES OF DISINFECTION

•CONCURRENT DISINFECTION• Immediate disinfection of all contaminated

articles & bodily discharges during the course of disease• TERMINAL DISINFECTION• Disinfection of the patient’s unit with all articles

used by the patient on his discharge, death ,or release from hospital

OBJECTIVES

• For preventing contamination by extraneous organisms • In surgery for maintaining asepsis• In food &drug manufacture for ensuring safety

from contaminating organisms• Preventing infections• Reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections• To ensure safety for both patients& health care

workers.

COMMON PLACES IN HOSPITAL

LABOUR ROOM

NICU

PICU

ICU

ISOLATION ROOM

OPERATION THEATRE

BURNS CENTRE

JOINT REPLACEMENT ROOM

METHODS OF DISINFECTION

•BY PHYSICAL AGENTS•BY CHEMICAL AGENTS

PHYSICAL AGENTS

• SUNLIGHT• DRYING• DRY HEAT- FLAMING,INCINERATION,HOT AIR• MOIST HEAT-PASTEURISATION, BOILING, STEAM

UNDER NORMAL PRESSURE, STEAM UNDER PRESSURE • FILTRATION-CANDLE FILTERS,ASBESTOS DISCS• RADIATION-IONISING & NON IONISING• ULTRASONIC &SONIC VIBRATION-BACTERICIDAL

CHEMICAL AGENTS

• ALCOHOL-ETHYL, ISOPROPYL• ALDEHYDES- FORMALDEHYDE,

GLUTERALDEHYDE• DYES• HALOGENS• PHENOLS• SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS• METALLIC SALTS• GASES- ETHYLENE OXIDE

COMMON DISINFECTANTS

SAVLON

SAVLON-UNILON

• CETRIMIDE15% CHLORHEXIDINE7.5% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 8%

• BROADSPECTRUM –BACTERIA ,FUNGI,YEASTS,VIRUSES• STRENGTH 1:99 – CLEANING OF POST OP

WOUNDS,SWABBING IN OBS&GYNAE• STORAGE OF STERILE EQUIPMENTS• CLEANING (DISINFECTING

EQUIPMENTSFURNITURE&FITTINGS)• 1:30- CONTAMINATED SURGICAL

ITEMS,CATHETERS&RUBBER EQUIPMENT• EMERGENCY DISINFECTING OF CLEAN INSTRUMENTS&

THERMOMETERS –MIN IMMERSION OF 2 MIN

CIDEZYME

CIDEZYME

• ENZYMATIC DISINFECTANT• USED FOR PRECLEANING INSTRUMENTS IN

AUTOMATED EQUIPMENTS SUCH AS ENDOSCOPE REPROCESSORS• SOAK EQUIPMENTS AFTER USE- MIN SOAK TIME 1MIN• FOR ALUMINIUM –NOT MORE THAN 8 HRS• IT IS NOT INTENDED AS A SOLUTION FOR HOLDING &

STORING EQUIPMENT• CONCENTRATION 8 ML 1 LITRE• AFTER SOAKING – RINSE EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE

TRACES OF DETERGENT- ROUGH DRY IT-HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTANT TREATMENT

BACILLOCID

BACILLOCID• EFFECTIVE AGAINST BACTERIA ,YEAST,FUNGUS• COMPOSITION- CHEMICALLY BOUND

FORMALDEHYDE,GLUTERALDEHYDE,BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE,ALKYL UREA DERIVATIVE• DILUTION 200 ML IN 10 L OF WATER -2%• -FOR CLEANING SURFACES & SPRAYING ROOMS

IN OT ,ICU,LABOUR ROOM• 50 ML IN 10 L TO GET -0.5%• CONSULTING ROOMS,DRESSING ROOMS

&WARDS

PERASAFE

PERASAFE

• FAST ACTING ,BIODEGRADABLE,ALDEHYDE FREE,SPORICIDAL,TUBERCULOSIDAL,VIRUSIDAL,BACTERICIDAL,FUNGICIDAL• DILUTION 16.2 GMS POWDER TO 1 L OF

LUKEWARM WATER• TURNS IN TO BLUE / GREEN COLOUR• ACTIVATED ONLY PRIOR TO USE• IMMERSE INSTRUMENTS FOR 10 MIN,RINSE IN

STERILE WATER,DRIED ,USED/STORED

DETTOL

DETTOL

• ANTISEPSIS IN OBST & MIDWIFERY - DILUTE 1:40• Instrument sterilisation-1% in spirit• Rapid sterilisation -5% in spirit• Rubber article 1% aqueous solution• General disinfection in wards , hands &

soiled hospital linen -dilute in 1:40

SANIDEX/CIDEX

SANIDEX

• GLUTERALDEHYDE SOLUTION -2%• USED AS A STERILANT – IMMERSE

INSTRUMENTS FOR 10 HRS• HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTION IMMERSE

INSTRUMENTS FOR ATLEAST 20 MINUTES• ACTIVATED PRIOR TO USE• ACTIVATED SOLUTION CAN BE USED FOR 14

DAYS AFTER ACTIVATION• MAINLY USED FOR SHARPS& ENDOSCOPIC

REPROCESSORS

VIRKON

VIRKON

• CLEAN & DISINFECTS• VIRUCIDAL,BACTERICIDAL,FUNGICIDAL,TUBERC

ULOCIDAL• FAST ACTING BIODEGRADABLE• FOR CARBOLISATION 1%• 10 GRMS- 1 LITRE• FOR FUMIGATION ,WASHING ,MOPPING -

1% SOLUTION –FOR 30 MIN CONTACT TIME

CARBOLIC ACID/PHENOL

CARBOLIC ACID / PHENOL

• AVAILABLE IN CRYSTAL FORM –500 GMS• LIQUIFIED &USED• FOR CARBOLISATION 1: 20 IS USED FOR

CRITICAL CARE AREAS ,OPERATION THEATRE,LABOUR ROOM

FORMALIN

FORMALIN

• FOR FUMIGATION USED ALONG WITH KMnO4 CRYSTALS.• 40% FORMALIN – 30ML +3GM PP CRYSTAL FOR

1000 CU FEET• MIN CONTACT TIME IS 12HRS• IN FUMIGATORS- 60 ML FORMALIN+ 60ML

WATER/ 1000 CU FEET• ALSO AVAILABLE AS TABLETS OF 1 GM EACH-• FOR DISINFECTING RUBBER TUBINGS

SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE

SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE

• 1 % SOLUTION FOR – 1ML IN 100 ML • DISINFECTION OF FLOORS , BEDSIDE

LOCKERS,SOILED LINEN• 5% FOR -5ML IN 100ML• TREATMENT OF BLOOD SPILLAGE, SHARPS

& INSTRUMENTS

DISINFECTION OF PATIENT CARE ARTICLES

• NEBULISER- SOAP & WATER• STETHESCOPE-SPIRIT SWAB• THERMOMETER-SPIRIT SWAB • LARYNGOSCOPE-BLADE-SOAP & WATER• HANDLE& BULB-SPIRIT SWAB• SPUTUM MUG, BED PAN, EMESIS BASIN- SOAP &WATER• DISINFECT IN 1% HYPOCHLORIDE SOLUTION FOR 20

MINUTES• VENTILATOR TUBINGS &OXYGEN MASKS, AMBU BAG-

WASH IT IN TAP WATER –DISINFECT WITH 2% GLUTERALDEHYDE SOLUTION IN 1 HOUR

FUMIGATOR

FOGGING MACHINE

PORTABLE ULTRAVIOLET ASEPTICIZER

PORTABLE UV ASEPTICISER

ULTRAVIOLET TUBELIGHT & OZONE LAMP

HORIZONTAL AUTOCLAVE

VERTICAL AUTOCLAVE

OT HOUSE KEEPING ROUTINE

• DAILY MORNING CARBOLISATION WITH 1% VIRKON• DAILY FOGGING WITH VIRKON • DAILY AIR STERILISATION WITH PORTABLE

UV ASEPTICISER• DAILY MOPPING& CLEANING FLOORS

(AFTER EACH CASE)• FUMIGATION WITH FORMALIN ONCE IN A

WEEK

LABOUR ROOM HOUSE KEEPING

• DAILY CARBOLISATION WITH 1% VIRKON• DAILY MOPPING & CLEANING•WEEKLY FUMIGATION/ FOGGING ON

SUNDAY• SWAB STICKS FOR ROUTINE STERILITY

CHECK ON MONDAY

TO CONCLUDE

• CLEANLINESS IS GODLINESS • CLEAN ENVIRONMENT , HEALTHY

ENVIRONMENT

CARE WITH COMPASSION

THANK YOU