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NEW ENGLAND COLONIESMIDDLE COLONIES
SOUTHERN COLONIES
13 Colonies
New England-1620
New England Colonies
New England Colonies
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Rhode Island ColonyConnecticut ColonyNew Hampshire Colony
Puritan Town meeting
A member of the Church of England who settled in North America to follow Christian beliefs in a more “pure” way.
An gathering in the New England Colonies in which male landowners could take part in voting and other town business.
New England Colonies - Vocabulary
Triangular Trade Routes
The trade routes referred as the “Triangular Trade Route” connected England and the Colonies and West Africa. (The king only wanted English trading to be done between England and English Colonies.)
New England Colonies - Vocabulary
Native Americans of New England
English Settlers of New England Colonies
Didn’t believe any one person could own land.
They thought that by selling the land to the settlers, they were agreeing to share the land.
Bought land from the Indians to keep for themselves.
They fought with the Indians to force them off the land.
Pequot War: forced Indians off the land.
New England Colonies-Land Usage Issues
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
Puritans Religious freedomEscape from
religious persecution in England
Massachusetts Bay Colony - 1628
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop? (jobs)
John Winthrop Brought the 2nd group
of Puritans to Massachusetts Bay Colony
Governed many times in 20 years
Organized confederation of New England
FishingFur tradingShip buildingLumber/timberwhaling
Massachusetts Bay Colony - 1628
John Endecott Roger Williams
Led the 1st group of Puritans to Massachusetts Bay Colony
Minister in Salem, MA
Left Mass. Bay Colony because he believed people should follow their own religion and not have to be Puritan
Started Rhode Island Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony - 1628
Massachusetts Bay Colony - 1628
Puritans wanted to create a “pure” church and set an example
Everyone had to be PuritanStrict law, ruled by Puritan ministersOriginal settlements were Boston and Salem
—Plymouth joins in 1691New Bedford was very important to whaling
industryTown meetings where open to everyone, but
only landowning men cold vote
Rhode Island Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
Dissenting Puritans following Roger Williams
Religious freedom (dissention from Puritan religion)
Rhode Island Colony - 1636
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
Roger Williams Minister in Salem Left Mass. Bay Colony
because he believed people should be able to follow their own religion.
Started Rhode Island Colony
Ship buildingTradingWhaling/fishing
Rhode Island Colony - 1636
Anne Hutchinson Roger Williams
Expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for questioning the Puritan ministers
Believe in the right to worship as you choose
Settled in Rhode Island Colony
Believed in the right to worship as you choose
MinisterFounded Rhode
Island Colony
Rhode Island Colony - 1636
Rhode Island Colony - 1663
First to allowed freedom of religion (any religion)
Believed in separation of church and state
Worked with the native Narragansett Indians
Anne Hutchinson and followers joined them later
Connecticut Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
Disenchanted Puritans (Puritans who wanted more religious freedoms)
More religious freedom than Mass. Bay Colony
Better farm landMore trade
possibilitiesMore political
freedom than Mass. Bay Colony
Connecticut Colony - 1636
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
Thomas Hooker Founded Connecticut
Colony
FarmingShip building
Connecticut Colony - 1636
Connecticut Colony - 1636
Founded by Thomas HookerThree settlements combined to form
Connecticut ColonyEstablished Fundamental Order: allowed
landowning men to vote for their leadersOne of the first written plans of government
in North America.
New Hampshire Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
English settlers More fertile farmland
New Hampshire Colony - 1679
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
David Thomson Founded New
Hampshire Colony
Fishingtimber
New Hampshire Colony - 1679
New Hampshire Colony - 1679
David Thomson started Strawberry Bank in 1623
Middle Colonies (The Bread Basket)
New York Colony, 1664New Jersey Colony, 1664 (New Netherland takeover)
Pennsylvania Colony, 1681Delaware Colony, 1704
Middle Colonies
Henry Hudson Benjamin Franklin
Dutch explorer who explored the East Coast for Holland
Explored what is now New York, New Jersey, and Delaware
Famous American inventor and thinker
Wrote “Poor Richard’s Almanac”
Organized the first firefighting company
Published a newspaperMade many inventions
(ie lightening rod)Made the first library
Middle Colonies
Middle Colonies
Colonists who left the settlements and went to live in the Piedmont
Lived in the foothills between the lowland coast and the Appalachian mountains
Used the Great Wagon Road to get herePlanted crops like Native Americans, with
beans, corn, and squash in the same mound.Most lived in log huts with dirt floors and no
windowsMade almost everything they needed
Backcountry Settlers
Middle Colonies
Dutch and Swedes: in New Netherland and New Sweden French, Scotch Irish, and Welsh: came for economic reasons
and freedom of religion Jews and Catholics: came for religious freedom..the first group
of Jews settled on New Amsterdam Others came to escape war and famine (starvation) in Europe Many free Africans lived in Philadelphia Germans: came for economic reasons and freedom of religion
and brought barn raising gun making Conestoga wagon construction
Immigrant Groups that settled in the Middle Atlantic Colonies:
Immigrant militia
A person who comes from another country to make new home
Volunteer army
Middle Colonies
Almanac The Piedmont
The book that Ben Franklin published each year with a calendar, weather forecasts, stories, jokes and wise sayings
An area at or near the foot of a mountain. The Piedmont begins in New Jersey and stretches as far south as Alabama
Middle Colonies
Refuge Farm produce
A safe place to live and worship
Grains, fruits and vegetables
Middle Colonies
Trial by jury Great Awakening
The right of people accused of breaking the law to be tried by a group of fellow citizens
A movement that called for a rebirth (redo) of religious ways of life
Middle Colonies
Justice Township
fairness An area of land
Middle Colonies
New York Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
King Charles II King Charles II wanted to expand the colonies
English takeover of New Netherland (a Dutch settlement that was looking for religious freedom)
New York Colony - 1664
Peter Stuyvesant
John Berkeley & George Carteret
Dutch leader of New Netherland
Very strict but made the colony successful
Dutch settlers didn’t like him, so they didn’t fight the English when they came to take over New York.
Englishmen who were given part of New York and New Jersey by the Duke of York
New York Colony - 1664
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
Duke of York Fur tradeCattlewheat
New York Colony - 1664
New York Colony - 1664
Started as the Dutch colony of New NetherlandMajor town: New Amsterdam first Jewish
settlementEnglish wanted to expand their land, so they
declared war on HollandEnglish took it without any fighting because the
Dutch settlers didn’t like their leadersEnglish changed it and called it New YorkSettlers cam from many places to New
Amsterdam, including the first group of Jews in North America
New Jersey Colony
New Jersey Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
EnglishKing Charles II
Part of the expanding of land for England by King Charles II
Was part of New Netherland
New Jersey Colony - 1664
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
John BerkeleyGeorge Carteret
IronShip building
New Jersey - 1664
New Jersey - 1664
Religious group who believed in peace and equality
Believe that people are basically goodRefuse to fight (pacifists)Treated poorly in England for refusing to
fightBought out Berkeley’s share of New Jersey
The Quakers, or Society of Friends
New Jersey - 1664
Used to be part of New Netherland
When the English took over, they split the colony into New York Colony and New Jersey Colony
Sold the land cheaply to anyone who wanted to come there
Pennsylvania Colony
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
It was a repayment to William Penn, from King Charles II
William Penn had loaned money to King Charles II
It was a “holy” experiment established by the Quaker colony
William Penn, the owner welcomed everyone
Pennsylvania Colony - 1681
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
William Penn Quaker who owned
Pennsylvania Planned the
government of Pennsylvania by writing the Frame of Government
Wanted peace and welcomed anyone to the colony
Fur tradingWheatCattletimber
Pennsylvania Colony - 1681
Pennsylvania Colony - 1681
Name means “Penn’s Woods”Named after William Penn’s father
William Penn kept things fair and welcomed everyone
Philadelphia was the main city
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
William Penn He bought it from the
Delaware Indians
William Penn allowed the settlers of the area to create their own government, which turned Delaware into a colony
Delaware Colony - 1704
Who led the colony?What economies did the colony develop?
William PennThe settlers
government
Ship building
Delaware Colony - 1704
Delaware Colony - 1704
Used to be part of PennsylvaniaWilliam Penn bought if from the Delaware Indians (he treated them fairly)
Late on, he allowed the settlers to create their own government, making it into a colony
The Southern Colonies
Virginia Colony, 1607Maryland Colony, 1632Carolina Colony, 1663
1729 – it split into North Carolina Colony and South Carolina Colony
Georgia Colony, 1723-1733
Southern Colonies
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
The Virginia Company
to become wealthy and make money finding gold and silver
Virginia Colony - 1607
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
John Smith, elected leader
Tobacco cash cropRicetimber
Virginia Colony - 1607
Major Cities
NorfolkRoanokeJamestownWilliamsburg
Became capital in 1699
Virginia Colony - 1607
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
The Lords Proprietors (8 English noblemen from Lord Baltimore)
The Calverts (Catholic landowners)
To provide a refuge for Catholics
Religious freedom for Catholics and Protestants
To make money
Maryland Colony - 1632
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
Lord Baltimore TobaccoFish
Maryland Colony - 1632
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
The Lords Proprietors from King Charles II charter (8 English noblemen)
FarmingTo make money
from cash crops
Carolina Colony - 1663
Carolina Colony – 1663
It became too large and difficult to govern
It became North Carolina Colony and South Carolina Colony
Carolina Colony Split, 1729
N. Carolina Colony, 1729
S. Carolina Colony, 1729
Hilly landDeveloped small
farms
Lots of rich Coastal Plain farmlands
Developed large plantations
Carolina Colony – 1663
Who led the settlement?
William Berkeley North Carolina Colony
Anthony Ashley-Cooper South Carolina Colony
Carolina Colony - 1663
What economies did the colony develop?o Indigo – developed as a dye by Eliza Pinckneyo Riceo Timbero Tobacco
Who or what country financed the settlement?
Why was the colony founded?
James Oglethorpe and friends from King George II charter
To give debtors (people who owed money) a new start
As protection from Spain for other colonies
Georgia Colony – 1723;1733
Who led the settlement?What economies did the colony develop?
James Oglethorpe English settler who
was given a charter to settle Georgia
He wanted to bring in debtors from England to help settle it
Rice
Georgia Colony – 1732; 1733
Major City
Savannah
Georgia Colony – 1732; 1733
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