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PROJECT REPORT
NETAJI SUBHAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
EC316 Microprocessor Lab PROJECT
BIRTHDAY CANDLES
Synopsis
Our project name is ‘Birthday Candles’. We made this project
using 8085 microprocessor. In this project we will blowout the
candles by just blowing air from our mouth onto the circuit board.
There will be random LEDs flickering when there’s no blowing. A
thermistor is used to detect the temperature change, and then
blocks of LEDs turn off depending on the change detected.
SUBMITTED BY:
RAHUL KUMAR AHIRWAR (131\EC\13)
SACHIN ROHILLA (147\EC\13)
PROJECT TITLE AND PARTNER DETAILS
Project Title: BIRTHDAY CANDLES
Student Details: The project was undertaken by:
1. Rahul Kumar Ahirwar (131/EC/13)
2. Sachin Rohilla (147/EC/13).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To complete our project, we are very much thankful to our
Professor Dhananjay Gadre Sir for giving us this opportunity
and guidance throughout the project. We would also like to
thank our friends for their support and help in making the
project. This project was definitely a milestone in our career
and we learnt a lot more than just electronics, values of
hard work and team work.
We would also like to thank our friends and classmates
especially Vaibhav and Sahishnu who worked with us and
helped at each and every point of time we needed help and
assistance. From helping us learn EAGLE, guiding to get PCB
ready, helping us through the soldering sessions, getting
corrections in code and also final checks
On the project and what not, they were always with us. It
was a really good memorable experience working with all
of them.
We would also like to thank all the staff of the Department
of Electronics of Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology for
providing us with all the requisites for completion of this
project.
CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
4. PROGRAM FLOWCHART
5. PROGRAMMING CODE
6. WORKING
7. TESTING
8. MAKING OF BIRTHDAY CANDLES
9. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
10. BOARD FILE
11. GANTT CHART
12. CONCLUSION
13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
The Intel 8085 microprocessor plays a significant role in the everyday
functioning of industrialized societies. The microprocessor is a
multipurpose, programmable, clock driven, register based electronic
device that reads binary instruction from a storage device called
memory, accepts binary data as input, and processes data according to
those instructions and provides results as output.
Intel 8085 is an ideal microprocessor for the purpose of introducing
students with the vast subject of microprocessors. We were inspired to
make a project whereby we can use all the features of Intel 8085 and use
it to create an exciting project.
Our project is LED based birthday candles with the feature to blow out
continuously monitored by the microprocessor. Every year, many
candles are used on birthday occasion. Therefore we can replace it with
microprocessor based birthday candles.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The objective of the project is to design LED based birthday candles
with the feature to blow out continuously monitored by the
microprocessor. When a person blows air on the thermistor, it cools
down and this reduces the voltage at the resistor junction. If the
voltage drop is more than a certain preprogrammed threshold, the
microprocessor starts putting off LEDs in a random sequence.
Various components are used in making the project which are
mentioned below:
1.8085 microprocessor
2. RAM 62256
3. EEPROM 28256
4. Decoder 74138
5. NOR Gate IC 7402
6. Latches 745273
7. ADC 0804
8. LED’s
9. Resistor and Capacitors
10. Thermistor
11. Push buttons
12. LC CRYSTAL AND USB PORT
BLOCK DIAGRAM
LED(16)
PROGRAM FLOWCHART
RESET THE uP
LIGHT ALL LEDs
Call 1 sec DELAY
INITIALISE COUNTER D
and MEMORY POINTER
HL
O/P VALUE IN MEMORY
POINTED BY HL AT 05H
PORT
INCREMENT HL
O/P VALUE IN MEMORY
POINTED BY HL AT 00H
PORT
INCREMENT HL
CALL 500 ms DELAY
DECREMENT COUNTER D
IF D=0 GO TO BLOW OFF
NO YES
INITIALISE COUNTER
AND HL MEMORY
POINTER
O/P SUM VALUE AT ADC
PORT 03
ENABLE INTERRUPT
ADC CONVERTS ANALOG
TO DIGITAL AND ISSUE
INTERRUPT RST 7.5
COMPARE DIGITAL O/P
WITH FIXED VALUE SET
O/P VALUE MEMORY
POINTED BY HL AT 05
PORT
INCREMENT HL
IS IT
LOWER
YES
NO
BLOW OFF
O/P VALUE IN MEMORY
POINTED BY HL AT O6 PORT
INCREMENT HL
CALL DELAY
DECREMENT COUNTER D
HALT
IS D=0?
NO YES
PROGRAMMING CODE //OSL1 0101-05H, OSL2 0110-06H, ADC CS 0011-03H
//LOOKUP FOR FLICKERING AND BLOW OFF
#ORG 2000H
#DB 55H,55H,99H,99H,2DH,4AH,A5H,A9H,25H,DAH,ADH,43H,A4H,B3H,17H,05H
#ORG 2100H
#DB 01H,10H,07H,70H,FFH,70H,FFH,FEH,FFH,FFH
//BEGIN AND SID SOD FUNCTION
#ORG 0000H
JMP BEGIN
#ORG 0100H
BEGIN:
LXI SP,9000H
MVI B,FFH
MVI C,64H
CALL DELAY //1 SEC DELAY
SID: DCR B
RIM
ANI 80H
JNZ SID //WHEN SID PIN GOES LOW, THEN IT EXITS LOOP
ORI C0H
SIM //SOD PIN GOES HIGH
//LIGHT ALL CANDLES
MVI A,00H
OUT 05H
OUT 06H
MVI C,64H
CALL DELAY
//FLICKERING RANDOM PATTERNS
MVI B,08H
LXI H, 2000H
LOOP:MOV A,M
OUT 05H
INX H
MOV A,M
OUT 06H
INX H
DCR B
MVI C,32H
CALL DELAY //500 ms delay,
JNZ LOOP
//BLOW OFF
MVI C,64H
CALL DELAY
MVI A,0BH
SIM
MVI D,05H
LXI H,2100H
ADC:OUT 03H
EI
JMP ADC
//IOW LOW AND CONVERSION STARTS, WHEN ENDS INTERRUPT ISSUED
#ORG 003CH
JMP 0300H
#ORG 0300H
IN 03H
CPI 89H
JC ADC // IF INPUT LESS THEN FIXED VALUE GO BACK
MOV A,M //LOOKUP OR RANDOM
OUT 05H
INX H
MOV A,M
OUT 06H
INX H
DCR D
JNZ ADC
DI
HLT
//DELAY ROUTINE
#ORG 0600H
DELAY: PUSH D
MVI D,06H
LOOP2DEL: MVI E,EDH
LOOP1DEL: DCR E
JNZ LOOP1DEL
DCR D
JNZ LOOP2DEL
DCR C
JNZ DELAY
POP D
RET
WORKING
The working of our project "BIRTHDAY CANDLES" is given below:
As we have mentioned earlier this project is based on the thermistor (which is a
temperature sensor).When power supply is given, all the LEDs start glowing ,then
after 1 second of delay these LEDs will start flickering in a random pattern(just like
candle does). Therefore power resistor starts heating which in turn heats the
thermistor.
When we blow the air onto the thermistor, it starts cooling down and ADC starts
the conversion. To start the conversion, the CS and WR signals goes asserted low,
the internal SAR (successive approximation register) is reset and the O/P lines
goes into the high impedance state. When WR makes the transition low to high,
the conversion begins. When the conversion is completed, the INTR is asserted
low and the data placed on the output lines. The INTR signal can be used to
interrupt the processor. When the processor reads the data by asserting RD, the
INTR is reset. And LED's go out randomly.
TESTING
Testing the Circuit Board, these steps were followed during the testing process:
1. A simple assembly language program was burnt in the EEPROM to check for
inputs on the SID pin and to throw the same as output on the SOD line.
RIM
ANI 80H
ORI 40H
SIM
The output on the SOD pin was indicated using a red LED. The working of this
program ensured smooth functioning of the 8085 and the EEPROM.
MAKING OF BIRTHDAY CANDLES
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
BOARD FILE
GANTT CHART
1-Jan 20-Feb 10-Apr 30-May 19-Jul
COMPLETE THE PATTERN
CHOOSE PARTNER
DECIDING PROJECT
GETTING APPROVED
STUDY OF 8085 DATASHEET
STUDY OF RAMESH GAONKAR
PREPARE SCHEMATIC
TESTING OF SCHEMATIC
PCB LAYOUT
PROGRAMMING
TESTING AND IMPROVEMENT
CONCLUSION
Our project “BIRTHDAY CANDLES” is not fully working. There might be
some problem in RAM.
This project would not have been possible without the motivation and
guidance from Professor Gadre. We would like to thank Sahishnu, Sachin
Demla and Vaibhav for the help and support.
BIBILOGRAPHY
BOOKS
GAONKAR, R. S., & GAONKAR, R. S. (1996). Microprocessor
architecture, programming, and applications with the 8085.
DATASHEETS
http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/74HC_HCT138.pdf
http://www.datasheetarchive.com/8085%20opcode-datasheet.html
www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/adc0808-n.pdf
https://8085simulator.codeplex.com.html
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