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NEO IAS Premium Learning Aid Series
Learning Aid Name : Prelims Current Affairs Learning CardLearning Aid Type : Digital DocumentVolume : February, 2019 Length : 100 Cards | 30 Minute Revision ReadPrepared by : Team CAP, NEO IAS
What is Prelims Current Affairs Learning Cards?
It is a Learning Aid brought out by NEO IAS as part of its’ Premium Learning Aid Series to help
every aspirant to revise current affairs easily.
What is Premium Learning Aid Series?
It is a series of high quality, well-reviewed and innovative documents by NEO IAS. These materials
attempts to redefine civil service exam learning aids through it’s learning friendly presentation
and by it’s compact and relevant content. Premium Monthly Digest is the latest addition to it.
How can I use the learning cards effectively?
Learning cards will help you to cover the most important Prelims Current Affairs quickly. Content
presented in it are crisp and sharp, helping your comprehension. Pictures will help you in
recollection. You could use these cards after reading our current affairs digests for more
effectiveness.
February, 2019neoiascurrentaffairs@gmail.com
Labour force participation rate (LFPR)
is defined as the section of working
population in the age group of 16-
64 in the economy currently
employed or seeking employment.
People who are still undergoing
studies, housewives and persons
above the age of 64 are not reckoned
in the labour force.
It is the measure to evaluate working-
age population in an economy.
LFPR
Economics
February 2019
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A currency swap between two
countries is an agreement or contract to
exchange currencies with
predetermined terms and conditions.
Currency swap agreement can be
bilateral or multilateral.
The main purpose of currency swaps is
to avoid turbulence and other risks in
the foreign exchange market and
exchange rate.
It ensure adequate foreign currency
during the time of foreign currency
scarcity.
Currency Swap
Economics
February 2019
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Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is a
composite index which measures short-
term changes in Industrial production
during given period with respect to
chosen base period.
It is compiled and published monthly by
Central Statistical Organization (CSO),
Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI).
Base year: 2011-12 which is given a
value of 100 & Indian IIP only covers
three sectors – mining, manufacturing
and electricity.
IIP
Economics
February 2019
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PETROTECH 2019 is the 13th
International Oil & Gas Conference &
Exhibition, being organised under the
aegis of the Ministry of Petroleum &
Natural Gas, Government of India.
It will see participation of
technologists, scientists, planners,
policy-makers, management experts,
entrepreneurs, service-providers and
vendors from over 70 countries.
Theme: “Shaping the New Energy
World through Innovation and
Collaboration.”
PETROTECH 2019
Economics
February 2019
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Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi
(PMKSN) is a scheme that will benefit
about 12 crore small and marginal
farmers.
Small farmers will get an amount of Rs
6,000 per annum direct cash
transfer for farmers owning land less
than two hectares (5 acres).
The amount will be transferred directly
to bank accounts of farmers in three
equal installments and the programme
will be funded 100 per cent by the
Central government.
PMKSN
Economics
February 2019
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The Power Grid Corporation of India
Limited (POWERGRID), is a Navratna
Company of Government of India,
under Ministry of Power.
POWERGRID is one of the
World’s Largest Power Transmission
Utility, and has a wide network
transmission lines, Sub-stations and
transformation capacity.
POWERGRID
Economics
February 2019
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INSTEX stands “Instrument in
Support of Trade Exchanges“.
It is a payment channel set up
by Germany, France and the UK
with Iran to help continue trade
and circumvent US sanctions.
INSTEX
Economics
February 2019
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The Project 75 Kalvari class is
a class of diesel-electric attack
submarines based on the Scorpène-class
submarine being built for the Indian
Navy.
French Company DCNS will provide
design and technology to public sector
Mazagon Docks to make six Scorpene
diesel submarines by 2022.
INS Kalvari, INS Khandari and INS
Karanj are the 3 of the 6 Scorpene-class
submarines being built by MDL under
the Project 75 programme of Indian navy.
Project 75
Security
February 2019
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It is the Committee of Experts
(CoE) constituted by the Ministry
of Defence under the
chairmanship of Lt. Gen (Retd) DB
Shekatkar.
It is to recommend measures to
enhance combat capability and
rebalance defence expenditure of
the armed forces.
Shekatkar Committee
Security
February 2019
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The Dassault Mirage 2000 is a French-
made multirole, single-engine, fourth-
generation jet fighter.
The Mirage 2000 evolved into a multirole
aircraft with several variants developed.
The Indian Air Force (IAF) became the first
foreign user of the aircraft type in 1985.
The Mirage 2000 performed remarkably
well during the whole conflict in the high
Himalayas during the Kargil War.
It is armed with laser-guided weapons
such as the ‘Vajra’.
Mirage 2000
Security
February 2019
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SPICE 2000 is a guidance kit powered by
electro-optics and global positioning system
for converting unguided air-droppable bombs
into precision guided bombs.
It was developed by Israel & combines the
advantages of satellite guidance and those
of electro-optical guidance into one bomb.
Satellite guidance allows to engage
camouflaged and hidden targets; to provide a
“drop-and-forget” option; to operate in all
weather and lighting conditions.
Electro-optical guidance allows “man-in-the-
loop” guidance; to engage relocatable targets;
independence from external information
sources like satellites.
SPICE 2000
Security
February 2019
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Phalcon AEW&C is an Israeli
developed airborne early warning
and control (AEW&C) radar system.
Its primary objective is to
provide intelligence to maintain air
superiority and
conduct surveillance.
The system is currently in-service
with the Indian Air Force.
It is described as the most advanced
AEW&C system in the world.
Phalcon (AEW&C)
Security
February 2019
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AK-103 Assault Rifle is a Russian origin
assault rifle, a derivative of the AK-74M,
a modern upgrade on earlier AKM rifle or
the famed 1940’s rifle AK-47.
The AK-103 can be fitted with a variety of
sights, including night vision and
telescopic sights, plus a knife-bayonet or a
grenade launcher.
The AK-103 will be bulk produced by the
Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) with
technology transfer.
These will replace the INSAS rifles in use
by the Indian Army.
AK-103 Assault Rifle
Security
February 2019
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Polar Vortex is a low pressure
system of a wide expanse of
swirling cold air surrounding both
Polar Regions.
The counter-clockwise flow of air
helps keep the colder air near the
poles.
In normal conditions, vortex is
strong and healthy, and helps keep
the jet stream traveling around the
globe in a pretty circular path.
Polar vortex
Geography
February 2019
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Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation (AMOC) is a large system of
ocean currents that carry warm water
from the tropics northwards into the
North Atlantic.
It is a giant ocean conveyor belt that
moves water from Greenland south to
beyond the tip of Africa and into the
Indian Ocean.
It is characterized by a northward flow of
warm, salty water in the upper layers of
the Atlantic, and a southward flow of
colder, deep waters that are part of
the thermohaline circulation
AMOC
Geography
February 2019
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Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros, alternatively
called Indian Rhinoceros, has a single horn
and is nearly as large as the African white
rhino and is native to Indian subcontinent.
Its thick, silver-brown skin folds into the
shoulder, back, and rump, giving it an
armored appearance.
Indian rhinos once inhabited many areas
ranging from Pakistan to Myanmar and even
parts of China, Now exist in only several
protected areas of India and Nepal.
They evaluated as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red
List of Threatened Species and also included in
the Schedule – I of Wildlife (Protection) Act,
1972.
One-Horned Rhinoceros
Environment
February 2019
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Javan Rhinoceros is a very rare member
of the Rhinoceros family and one of five
extant rhinoceroses.
It is also known as Sunda
rhinoceros or lesser one-horned
rhinoceros, Once ranged from the islands
of Java and Sumatra, throughout
Southeast Asia, and into India and China.
Only one known population in the wild
in Indonesia, and no individuals in
captivity.
It is critically endangered under the IUCN
Red List.
Javan Rhinoceros
Envivronment
February 2019
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The Scheduled Tribes and Other
Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition
of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 is called
as Forest Rights Act.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs is the nodal
ministry in implementing the act & Gram
Sabha is the authority in deciding the
forest rights.
Forest Rights granted under the Act are
1. Title rights
2. Use rights
3. Relief and development rights
4. Forest management rights
Forest Rights Act 2006
Environment
February 2019
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Sumatran Rhinoceros is
the smallest extant rhinoceros species and
also the hairiest (A coat of reddish-brown
hair covers most of the Sumatran rhino’s
body) and known as the hairy
rhinoceros or Asian two-horned
rhinoceros.
It once inhabited rainforests, swamps,
and cloud forests in India, Bhutan,
Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand,
Malaysia, Indonesia, and China but now
it is found in Borneo and Sumatra at very
high altitudes.
They are classified critically
endangered in the IUCN Red List.
Sumatran rhinoveros
Environment
February 2019
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The Indus River dolphin (Platanista
minor) is second most
endangered freshwater dolphin species
in the world.
It is an obligate freshwater cetacean
species locally known as bhulan, found
only in India and Pakistan in the Beas
River.
A flagship species, this dolphin is an
indicator of the biological health of the
aquatic and terrestrial environment
adjoining the Indus River.
Indus River dolphin
Environment
February 2019
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Marine Clouds are the stratocumulus
clouds that cover about 20 percent of the
subtropical oceans.
They protect the Earth from extreme
temperature conditions
by reflecting sunlight back into space.
When these clouds disappear, Earth
warms dramatically, by about eight
degrees Celsius in addition to the global
warming.
A temperature increase of that magnitude
would melt polar ice and lift sea
levels tens of meters.
Marine Clouds
Environment
February 2019
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Stratocumulus clouds are clouds
characterised by large dark, rounded
masses, usually in groups, lines, or
waves.
They are found at lower heights,
usually below 2000 metres.
They are shallow cloud layers created
by weak convective currents.
The continued vertical development
of such clouds is prevented by drier,
stable air above.
Stratocumulus Clouds
Environment
February 2019
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Indian Birding fair is an annual fair
conducted at the Man Sagar Lake near
Jaipur in an effort to ensure
conservation of bird species and also
promote eco-tourism.
This was the 22nd edition of the fair
organised by the Tourism & Wildlife
Society of India and supported by Jaipur
Zoo and some philanthropic bodies and
overseas organisations.
Hundreds of nature lovers, bird watchers
and students and teachers of local
schools thronged the lake banks during
the two-day fair
Indian Birding Fair
Environment
February 2019
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Cauvery wild life sanctuary is a
protected area located in the Mandya,
Chamarajanagar and Ramanagar
districts of Karnataka.
The Cauvery River flows through the
middle of this sanctuary.
The sanctuary which adjoins
Dharmapuri forest of Tamil Nadu, is
also called Bheemeshwari Wildlife
Sanctuary and is an IUCN category
IV protected area.
Cauvery wildlife
sanctuary
Environment
February 2019
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Great Indian Hornbill is one of the
larger members of the hornbill family,
distributed along Indian Subcontinent
and Southeast Asia.
The great hornbill is long-lived, living
for nearly 50 years in captivity.
Though predominantly frugivorous, it
also preys on mammals, reptiles and
birds.
It is evaluated as Vulnerable (VU) on
the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
and is listed in Appendix I of CITES.
Great Indian Hornbill
Environment
February 2019
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It is found in India, Nepal and Pakistan
and extinct in Bangladesh.
The blackbuck inhabits grassy
plains and slightly forested areas and
prefer areas where water is perennially
available.
Hunting of blackbuck is prohibited
under Schedule I of the Wildlife
Protection Act of 1972.
It is evaluated as Least Concern (LC) on
the IUCN Red List.
Blackbuck
Environment
February 2019
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Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary (AWS) is spread
over thirteen villages, in Fazilka District
of Punjab, home to the Bishnoi community.
The Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary spreads
over private land unlike others,
(A unique initiative has been started by the
Bishnoi community to protect the black
buck considered to be sacred by them.)
The flora in the Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary
is classified under the tropical dry mixed
deciduous forest.
Abohar Wildlife
Sanctuary
Environment
February 2019
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Exhibition on Energy and
Environment: Challenges and
Opportunities (ENCO 2019) in
New Delhi was inaugurated by
the President.
The Conference is being
organised by the Council of
Scientific and Industrial
Research (CSIR).
ENCO 2019
Environment
February 2019
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Flying Bulldog is the World’s largest
bee, known as Megachilepluto,
lives in the Indonesian island
region of North Moluccas.
It makes its nest in termite mounds
by using its large fang-like
mandibles to collect sticky resin
which helps protect its home from
the termites.
The flying bulldog bee was listed as
a ‘vulnerable’ species by the IUCN
Red List of Threatened Species.
Flying Bulldog
Environment
February 2019
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Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in India
(FAME) is a scheme to incentivize the
production and promotion of eco-
friendly vehicles including electric
vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
It was launched by the Ministry of
Heavy Industries and Public
Enterprises.
FAME-India is part of the National
Electric Mobility Mission Plan
(NEMMP) 2020 launched in 2013.
FAME
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The National Foundation for Communal
Harmony (NFCH) is an autonomous
organization under the administrative control
of the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Objective: to provide assistance to the
children / youth rendered orphan / destitute
in communal, caste, ethnic or terrorist
violence for their rehabilitation besides
promoting communal harmony and national
integration through various activities.
The NFCH sponsors/conducts different
activities for the promotion of communal
harmony and strengthening of national
integration.
NFCH
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Athority
(NPPA) is mandated to fix/revise the prices of
controlled bulk drugs and formulations and to
enforce prices and availability of the medicines
in the country.
It also monitors the prices of decontrolled
drugs in order to keep them at reasonable
levels.
The regulator implements and enforces
the provisions of the Drugs (Prices Control)
Order.
It is also entrusted with the task of recovering
amounts overcharged by manufacturers for the
controlled drugs from the consumers.
NPPA
Government Interventions
September 2018
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Central Adoption Resource Authority
(CARA) is a statutory body of Ministry of
Women & Child Development.
It functions as the nodal body for adoption
of Indian children.
It is mandated to monitor and regulate in-
country and inter-country adoptions.
CARA is designated as the Central
Authority to deal with inter-country
adoptions in accordance with the
provisions of the Hague Convention on
Inter-country Adoption, 1993, ratified by
Government of India in 2003.
CARA
Government interventions
February 2019
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Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation scheme
(DDRS) is a scheme for providing financial
assistance to NGOs working for education
and rehabilitation of persons with
disabilities.
It is a Central Sector Scheme provided by the
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment,
being implemented since 1999.
Under the scheme, every year more than 600
NGOs are provided with financial assistance
for running their projects for the
rehabilitation of persons with disability.
DDRS
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Tagore Award award is given to
individuals, associations, institutions or
organizations for their outstanding
contribution towards promoting values of
Cultural Harmony.
It was instituted by the Government of
India from 2012 as part of the
Commemoration of Tagore’s 150 Birth
Anniversary in 2012 and is awarded
annually.
The Award is open to all persons regardless
of nationality, race, language, caste, creed or
gender
Tagore Award
Government Interventions
February 2019
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‘Muktir Alo’ is a scheme for
rehabilitation of sex workers announced
by the West Bengal government in 2015.
It involved rehabilitating the sex workers
by training them in trades such as hand
block printing, cutting and tailoring,
spice grinding, recycled tyre product
making and cafeteria management etc.
The scheme lies in limbo as only there
was only 75 beneficiaries till now, the
budgetary allowances largely curtailed
and the training provided is outdated.
‘Muktir Alo’
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Vision Insight and Voices as India goes Digital
(VIVID) is an annual event, with the objective
to empower National Informatics Centre (NIC)
officials in the field of technology started in
2017.
VIVID 2019 would provide a cohesive and
extensive platform for interaction and
knowledge sharing.
It will cover a wide range of relevant topics in
various technical sessions including Emerging
Technologies (Artificial Intelligence, Machine
Learning & Big Data Analytics), Cyber Threats &
Counter Measures (Changing Digitisation
Paradigm & its impact on Security), Enterprise
Level Applications, and many other relevant
topics.
VIVID
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Digidhan Mitra Chatbot is designed and
developed by National Informatics
Centre (NIC).
The AI based Digidhan Mitra Chatbot
enables a text & voice based
conversation with the user, mining the
Digidhan Portal, to give customized
information in graphical, tabular and
textual format.
It provides bank wise transactions
details as well as growth pattern of
various modes of transactions like
BHIM, IMPS, cards etc. in tabular as
well as graphical form.
Digidhan Mitra Chatbot
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Technology Incubation and
Development of Entrepreneurs (TIDE
2.0) Scheme has been devised to
promote the momentum into the tech
entrepreneurship landscape.
The Scheme provides financial and
technical support to incubators
engaged in supporting ICT startups
using emerging technologies such as
IoT, AI, Block-chain, Robotics etc. in
seven pre-identified areas of societal
relevance.
TIDE 2.0
Government Interventions
February 2019
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‘IPrism’ is an Intellectual Property (IP)
competition for students of schools,
polytechnic institutes, colleges and
universities.
It aims to foster a culture of innovation
and creativity in the younger generation.
The competition will provide young
creators an opportunity to see their
creations recognized on a national
platform.
Entries are invited on “IP in Daily Life” in
two categories – film making and comic
book making.
IPrism
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Cell for IPR Promotion and Management
(CIPAM), is a professional body which works
on issues related to IPRs and addresses the 7
identified objectives of the National IPR policy.
The CIPAM, set up under the aegis of the
Department for promotion of industry and
internal trade (DPIIT) to fulfil the policy
objectives, has been actively involved in many
outreach activities including a nation-wide IPR
awareness campaign.
CIPAM assists in simplifying and streamlining
of IP processes, apart from undertaking steps
forfurthering IPR awareness, commercialization
and enforcement.
CIPAM
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Bharat Net Project is the new
brand name of National Optical
Fibre Network (NOFN) which was
launched in 2011.
It seek to provide broadband
connectivity to all 2.5 Lakh gram
panchayats (GPs) through optical
fibre.
It was renamed BharatNet in 2015
and is being funded
through Universal Service Obligation
Fund (USOF).
Bharat Net
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Gandhi Peace Prize for Social,
Economic and Political transformation
through Non-violence was instituted
in the year 1995.
This annual award is given to
individuals, associations, institutions
or organizations who have worked
selflessly for peace, non-violence and
amelioration of human sufferings.
The Award is open to all
persons regardless of nationality,
race, language, caste, creed or
gender.
Gandhi Peace Prize
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Startup Ranking framework aims
to rank the States/UTs for establishing a
robust ecosystem for supporting
Startups.
Department for Promotion of Industry
and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
launches second edition of States’
ranking on Startup initiatives.
The ranking exercise aims to evaluate
measures taken by States/UTs during
the assessment period from May 1,
2018 to June 30, 2019 & will also
recognize innovative Startup programs
and initiatives from State/UT
Governments.
Startup Ranking Framework
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National
Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) is a
flagship program of Ministry of Rural
Development.
The mission aimes at creating
effective institutional platforms of the rural
poor, enablingthem to increase household
income through Sustainable livelihood
enhancements & Improved access to
financial services.
NRLM itself is a rechristened version of
Swarna Jayanti Swarojgar Yojna (SGSY).
It is aided in part through investment
support by the World Bank
DAY-NRLM
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Digital India Awards are to
promote exemplary initiatives in e-
governance using the medium of World
Wide Web.
It aims at encouraging Government entities,
which have made significant contributions
towards the implementation of e-
Governance and shown an exemplary &
innovative approach to achieve
administrative efficiency and transparency.
It have been instituted under the ambit of
the National Portal of India
(http://india.gov.in) by National Informatics
Centre, Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology (MeitY).
Digital India Awards
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Rail Drishti dashboard encompasses
all the digitisation efforts in Indian
Railways and promotes transparency
and accountability and it brings
information from various sources on
a single platform.
SUGAM, the Freight App of Indian
Railways is also linked to this
dashboard.
Rail Drishti
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) is a
joint venture of four National Public Sector
Undertakings (NTPC Limited,
Power Finance Corporation Limited,
Rural Electrification Corporation Limited,
POWERGRID Corporation of India Limited).
It was set up under Ministry of Power,
Government of India & is a Super Energy Service
Company (ESCO).
EESL leads the market-related activities of the
National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency
(NMEEE).
It is implementing the world’s largest energy
efficiency portfolio.
EESL
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) is
a flagship scheme to “fund the
unfunded” by bringing such enterprises
to the formal financial system and
extending affordable credit to them.
It enables a small borrower to borrow
from all Public Sector Banks, Private
Sector Banks, Foreign Banks, Micro
Finance Institutions (MFI) and Non-
Banking Finance Companies (NBFC) for
loans up to Rs 10 lakhs for non-farm
income generating activities.
It is under the aegis of Ministry of
Finance.
PMMY
Government Interventions
February 2019
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National Career Service is a Mission
Mode Project launched by the Prime
Minister on 20th July, 2015.
The project is being implemented
by the Directorate General of
Employment, Ministry of Labour &
Employment.
National Career Service (NCS) is a
one-stop solution that provides a
wide array of employment and
career related services to the citizens
of India.
National Career Service
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Yuva Sahakar – Cooperative Enterprise
Support and Innovation Scheme is a
scheme aimed at attracting youth to
cooperative business ventures and to
encourage such cooperatives to venture
into new and innovative areas.
The scheme was created by the NCDC and
is linked to the 1000 crore ‘Cooperative
Start-up and Innovation Fund (CSIF)’.
The scheme provides cheaper loans for
initiating startups in the cooperative
sectors.
It is under the Ministry of Agriculture and
Farmers Welfare.
Yuva Sankar Scheme
Government Intervention
February 2019
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The National Cooperative
Development Corporation (NCDC)
was established in 1963 as a
statutory Corporation by an Act of
Parliament for the development of
agriculture and rural sector.
It is under the Ministry of Agriculture
& Farmers Welfare.
It is headquartered in New Delhi.
NCDC
Government Interventions
February 2019
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Scheme for Higher Education Youth in
Apprenticeship and Skills (SHREYAS)
program aims to enhance the
employability of Indian youth by providing
‘on the job work exposure’ and earning of
stipend.
The scheme is launched the Minister for
Human Resources Development.
It is a programme conceived for students in
degree courses, primarily non-technical,
with a view to introduce employable skills
into their learning, promote apprenticeship
as integral to education.
SHREYAS
Government Interventions
February 2019
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National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme
(NAPS) is a scheme of Government of India to
promote apprenticeship.
It was launched on19th August 2016.
The scheme has the following two components:
•Reimbursement of 25% of prescribed stipend
subject to a maximum of Rs. 1500/- per month
per apprentice.
•Reimbursement of cost of basic training (upto a
limit of Rs. 7500/- for a maximum of500 hours/3
months) by the Government of India to Basic
Training Providers (BTPs) in respect of apprentices
who come directly for apprenticeship training
without any formal training.
NAPS
Government Interventions
February 2019
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The Aviation Conclave 2019
was inaugurated which would
bring together industry
leaders, government and
regulators of the aviation
sector.
The theme of the conclave
was “Flying for All”.
Aviation Conclave 2019
Government Interventions
February 2019
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MUDRA Bank is a statutory refinancing
bank set up as the vehicle to implement
PM Mudra Yojana.
It will regulate and refinance all Micro
Finance Institutions (MFIs) who lend to
MSME engaged in small manufacturing,
trade or services.
It will partner with all state/regional level
coordinators to provide easy finance.
It registers, regulates and frame policy
guidelines for, accredits and rates
micro/small enterprise MFIs.
MUDRA Bank
Government Interventions
February 2019
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National Investigation Agency (NIA)
came into existence with the enactment
of the National Investigation Agency Act
2008 by the Parliament of India in 2008.
At present NIA is functioning as
the Central Counter Terrorism Law
Enforcement Agency in India.
A State Government may request the
Central Government to hand over the
investigation of a case to the NIA,
provided the case has been registered for
the offences as contained in the schedule
to the NIA Act.
NIA
Polity
February 2019
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Financial centres that cater to customers
outside their own jurisdiction are referred
to as international (IFCs) or offshore
Financial Centers (OFCs).
All these centres are ‘international’ in the
sense that they deal with the flow of
finance and financial
products/services across borders.
An IFSC is a jurisdiction that provides
world class financial services to non-
residents and residents, in a currency
other than the domestic currency (Indian
rupee) of the location where the IFSC is
located subject to regulations.
IFCs
Polity
February 2019
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Indelible Ink is a semi-permanent ink that is
applied on the finger of voters during
elections as a deterrent against voting twice.
The chemical used in indelible ink is silver
nitrate.
It is a transparent liquid, that doesn’t leave a
trace when applied on the finger
but glows a bright orange when illuminated
with a low-intensity beam of ultraviolet
light.
Once applied on skin it cannot be washed
off with soap, alcohol or bleach. It will
disappear only when old skin cells are
replaced.
Indelible ink
Polity
February 2019
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Angel Tax is a 30% tax that is levied
on the funding received by startups
from an external investor.
If a company has issued shares to an
angel investor at a price that’s higher
than its fair market value, the extra
amount received by the company
will be taxed and is counted as
income to the company.
Angel tax was introduced in 2012,
with the purpose of keeping money
laundering in check.
Angel Tax
Polity
February 2019
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Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) means
any fund established or incorporated in
India which is a privately pooled
investment vehicle.
It collects funds from sophisticated
investors, whether Indian or foreign, for
investing it in accordance with a defined
investment policy for the benefit of its
investors.
The amount contributed by the investors
shall not be utilised for purpose of giving
loans.
National Infrastructure Investment Fund
(NIIF) is an example of AIF
AIF
Polity
February 2019
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Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) is
a fund formed by the Central Government
to fund connectivity projects in rural India.
It would be raised through a ‘Universal
Access Levy (UAL)’, which would be a
percentage of the revenue earned by the
operators under various licenses.
The Indian Telegraph (Amendment) Act,
2003 gave statutory status to the Universal
Service Obligation Fund (USOF).
The Fund is to be utilized exclusively for
meeting the Universal Service
Obligation (i.e. providing universal access
to ICT).
USOF
Polity
February 2019
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India’s first National War Memorial, to the
east of Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate,
and is dedicated to the Nation by
lighting an ‘Eternal Flame’ and opened for
public.
Names of the 25,942 soldiers who died in
multiple conflicts after Independence have
been engraved in gold on granite tablets,
and placed on 16 ‘honour walls’ in two
concentric circles named ‘Tyag Chakra’.
It is also near to ‘Param YodhaSthal’ where
the 21 winners of the Param Vir Chakra
have been honoured with individual
bronze busts, with details of their bravery
engraved below.
Amar Jawan Jyoti
Polity
February 2019
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Article 35A was incorporated into the
Constitution in 1954 by an order of the then
President Rajendra Prasad on the advice of the
Jawaharlal Nehru Cabinet in order to safeguard
the rights and guarantee the unique identity of
the people of Jammu-Kashmir.
It is a provision incorporated in the Constitution
giving the Jammu and Kashmir Legislature a
unrestricted authority to decide who all
are ‘permanent residents’ of the State.
The article authorizes state legislature right to
confer on permanent residents with special
rights and privileges in public sector jobs,
acquisition of property in the State, scholarships
and other public aid and welfare.
Article 35A
Polity
February 2019
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An electoral bond is designed to be a
bearer instrument like a Promissory Note.
It will be similar to a bank note that is
payable to the bearer on demand and free
of interest.
Electoral Bonds may be purchased by a
person, who is a citizen of India or
incorporated or established in India.
It may be noted that Electoral Bonds shall
be valid for fifteen calendar days from the
date of issue and no payment shall be
made to any payee Political Party if the
Electoral Bond is deposited after expiry of
the validity period.
Electoral Bond
Polity
February 2019
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The use of biocompatible and
bioresorbable materials to construct a 3d
structure comparable to the implant tissue
area, in order to promote tissue
regeneration and injury recovery.
They are structures that are made up of
tissues that promote wound repair.
These scaffolds include those comprising
an intact extracellular matrix (ECM) or
individual components of the ECM, and
those comprising hybrids incorporating a
synthetic component with a biologic
component.
Bio- Scaffold
Science & Technology
February 2019
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In Body Gene Editing is a gene
therapy technique where Gene
editing is intended to disable a
bad gene or supply a good one
that’s missing.
These DNA changes are not
inheritable and do not pass to
future generations.
It can be used for treating
genetic diseases caused by
faulty genes
In Body Gene Editing
Science and Technology
February 2019
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Gynandromorphs (“gyne” from Greek
meaning female, “andro” for male, and
“morph” meaning variety) are individual
animals that have both genetically male
and female tissues and often have
observable male and female
characteristics.
Gynandromorphs occur in insects, spiders,
crustaceans, and other arthropods as well
as in birds (It occurs naturally, usually
resulting from a random genetic error.)
They are most dramatic in those butterfly
species in which the male and female
wing colors and patterns are dramatically
different.
Gynadromorphs
Science & Technology
February 2019
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The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize is
named after the founder Director of the
Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research (CSIR), Dr. Shanti Swarup
Bhatnagar.
The Prize is given each year to recognize
outstanding Indian work in various
disciplines of Science and Technology &
It was first awarded in 1958.
Any citizen of India engaged in research
in any field of science and technology up
to the age of 45 years is eligible for the
prize.
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar
prize
Science & Technology
February 2019
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The Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research (CSIR) is an autonomous
body which is the largest research and
development organisation in India.
It is established in 1942 (before
independence).
It is mainly funded by Ministry of
Science and Technology.
It is an autonomous body registered
under Societies Registration Act, 1860
& has a network of 38 national
laboratories.
CSIR
Science & Technology
February 2019
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Mitophagy is the selective degradation
of mitochondria by Autophagy (is the
natural, regulated mechanism of the cell
that disassembles unnecessary or
dysfunctional components.)
Mitophagy is regulated by PINK1 and
parkin proteins & allows the orderly
degradation and recycling of cellular
components.
Mitophagy is key in keeping the cell
healthy, It promotes turnover of
mitochondria and prevents
accumulation of dysfunctional
mitochondria which can lead to cellular
degeneration.
Mitophagy
Science & Technology
February 2019
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Mekedatu Multi-Purpose Project is a
project of the Karnataka government to
develop a ‘Balancing Reservoir’
at Mekedatu, across the Cauvery River.
It is for supplying potable water to
Bengaluru and parts of Mysore region.
The project also involves power
generation plan apart from drinking
water plan.
It is planned in a bid to tap about 250
tmcft water that runs off to the sea over
the 192 tmcft supply to Tamil Nadu (as
per the Cauvery Tribunal Award).
Mekedatu Project
Science & Technology
February 2019
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NASA’s New
Horizons spacecraft captures
the sharpest possible pictures
of Ultima Thule.
Ultima Thule is a Kuiper Belt
object and has the unique
distinction of being the farthest
object ever explored.
Ultima Thule
Science & Technology
February 2019
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A virtual private network (VPN) is a private
network that is built over a public
infrastructure (mostly internet).
It is a programming that creates a safe and
encrypted connection over a less secure
network, such as the public internet.
A VPN works by using the shared public
infrastructure while maintaining privacy
through security procedures and tunneling
protocols.
An employee can work outside the office
and still securely connect to this network
using PCs, laptops or even smart phones
and tablets
VPN
Science & Technology
February 2019
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The International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC) is the specialized
cancer agency of the World Health
Organization.
The objective of the IARC is to
promote international collaboration in
cancer research.
IARC has its own Governing Council, and
in 1965 the first members were the
Federal Republic of Germany, France,
Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United
States of America.
India is a member.
IARC
World Affairs
February 2019
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Iran has announced the
“successful test” of Hoveizeh
cruise missile coinciding with
celebrations for the country’s 1979
Islamic revolution.
It is a new cruise missile with a
range of over 1,350 kilometre.
Hoveizeh Cruise Missile
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Miyako Strait is a waterway
which lies between Miyako Island
and Okinawa Island of Japan.
It is the widest strait in the Ryukyu
Islands.
It is also known as the Kerama
Gap.
Miyako Strait
World Affairs
February 2019
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Ishigaki Island is a Japanese Island
west of Okinawa Islands and the
second-largest island of
the Yaeyama Island group.
It is culturally influenced by both
Japan and Taiwan due to its
location.
Japan has a forward base on the
Island.
Ishigaki Island
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is
a dynamic inter-governmental
organisation aimed at strengthening regional
cooperation and sustainable development
within the Indian Ocean region.
The vision for IORA originated during a visit
by late President Nelson Mandela of South
Africa to India in 1995 and led to the
creation of the Indian Ocean Rim
Association in March 1997.
It is a dynamic organisation of 22 Member
States and 9 Dialogue Partners, with
mutually beneficial regional cooperation
through a consensus-based, evolutionary
and non-intrusive approach.
IORA
World Affairs
February 2019
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The International Labour Organisation
(ILO) was created in 1919 by
the Versailles Peace Treaty ending World
War I.
After the demise of the League of
Nations, the ILO became the first
specialized agency associated with the
UN.
The International Labour Organization is
the United Nations agency for the world
of work having 187 member States.
ILO
World Affairs
February 2019
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The ‘Windrush Generation’ refers
to citizens of former British
colonies who arrived in the UK
before 1973, when the rights of such
Commonwealth citizens to live and
work in Britain were substantially
curtailed.
More than 450 Indians have
confirmed their British citizenship
under the UK government’s
‘Windrush Scheme’, set up in the
wake of an immigration scandal last
year.
Windrush Scheme
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Seoul Peace Prize
was established in 1990 to
commemorate the success of the
24th Olympic Games held in Seoul.
The award was established to
crystallize Korean people’s
yearning for peace on the Korean
peninsula and in the rest of the
world.
Modi is the 14th recepient &
the first Indian to receive this
award.
Seoul Peace Prize
World Affairs
February 2019
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Chabahar port is the only only oceanic port of
Iran and consists of two separate ports
named Shahid Kalantari and ShahidBeheshti.
It is located in the southeastern province of
Sistan-Balochistan in Iran & aims to connect
India with Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asian
countries bypassing Pakistan.
India has built the Zaranj-Delaramroad in
Afghanistan that connects the Iranian border
with all four major Afghan cities.
Chabahar port will be beneficial to India in
countering Chinese presence in the Arabian
Sea.
Chabahar Port
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Global Digital Health Partnership
(GDHP) is formed to support the effective
implementation of digital health services.
It is a collaboration of governments and
territories, government agencies and the
World Health Organization.
Established in February 2018, the GDHP
provides an opportunity for
transformational engagement between its
participants, who are striving to learn and
share best practice and policy that can
support their digital health systems.
GDHP
World Affairs
February 2019
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Chagos Archipelago Islands
are group of seven atolls comprising
more than 60 individual tropical
islands in the Indian Ocean about
500 kilometers south of the Maldives
archipelago.
It is the southernmost archipelago of
the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge, a long
submarine mountain range in the
Indian Ocean.
It was formerly called the Bassas de
Chagas and the Oil Islands.
Chagos Archipelago
World Affairs
February 2019
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The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is
the principal judicial organ of the United
Nations & was established in June 1945 by
the Charter of the United Nations.
The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace
in The Hague (Netherlands).(Of the six
principal organs of the United Nations, it is
the only one not located in New York.)
Its official languages are English and
French.
The Court is composed of 15 judges, who
are elected for terms of office of nine years
by the United Nations General Assembly
and the Security Council.
ICJ
World Affairs
February 2019
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Indus Water Treaty (IWT) is a water-
distribution treaty between India and Pakistan
which was brokered by the World Bank.
It was signed by then Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and President of
Pakistan Ayub Khan in Karachi on September
19, 1960.
As per treaty, control over three eastern
rivers Ravi, Beas and Sutlej were given
to India, While control over three western
rivers Indus, Jhelum and Chenab was given
to Pakistan.
It allows India to use only 20% of the water
of Indus River, which flows through it first,
for irrigation, power generation and transport.
Indus Water Treaty
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is
an inter-governmental body whose
purpose is to combat money
laundering and terrorist financing.
Its main function is to develop necessary
policy to bring about national legislative
and regulatory reforms in these areas, In
that sense it is mainly a “policy-making
body”.
It was established by the G-7
Summit that was held in Paris in 1989 to
examine and develop measures to
combat money laundering.
FATF
World Affairs
February 2019
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International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a
coalition of solar resource rich
countries lying fully or partially between
the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of
Capricorn to specifically address energy
needs by harnessing solar energy.
The ISA is an Indian initiative, jointly
launched by India and France in 2015 on
the sidelines of COP-21, the UN Climate
Conference in Paris.
Countries that do not fall within the
Tropics can join the alliance and enjoy
all benefits as other members, with
the exception of voting rights.
ISA
World Affairs
February 2019
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Iran announces ‘Velayat-
97’ annual navy drill in key Strait
of Hormuz.
The ground to air missile system
‘Endeavor’ was tested successfully
during the drill.
The Strait of Hormuz is a strait
between the Persian Gulf and the
Gulf of Oman.
Velayat - 97
World affairs
February 2019
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Exercise Sampriti-2019 is an
important bilateral defence
cooperation endeavour between
India and Bangladesh and this
will be the eighth edition of the
exercise which is hosted
alternately by both countries.
The exercise is aimed to
strengthen and broaden the
aspects of interoperability and
cooperation between the Indian
and Bangladesh Armies.
Sampriti - 2019
World affairs
February 2019
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Project Rupee Raftar is the project
for developing Avenues
for Aircraft Financing and Leasing
in India by Ministry of Civil
Aviation.
This would open the lucrative
aviation finance market to Indian
banks, NBFCs, etc. besides creating
high-end jobs in aviation finance
and associated accountancy, legal
and other services and benefit the
airlines.
Project Rupee Raftar
World affairs
February 2019
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The ‘Inclusive Internet’ score was
based on the scores of availability,
affordability, relevance and
readiness categories and is
commissioned by Facebook
and conducted by The Economist
Intelligence Unit.
India has been ranked 47th out of
100 countries in the overall
“Inclusive Internet Index 2019”.
Inclusive Internet Index
World Affairs
February 2019
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The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
(OIC) is the second largest inter-
governmental organization after the United
Nations with a membership of 57 states
spread over four continents.
The OIC has permanent delegations to t
he United
Nations and the European Union.
The official languages of the OIC are
Arabic, English, and French.
Head Quarter is in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia &
the
Islamic Summits are organized by OIC.
OIC
World Affairs
February 2019
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Mauritius is an Island nation in
the Indian Ocean.
The main Island of Mauritius is
located about 2,000 kilometers
off the southeast coast of the
African continent.
The Republic of Mauritius
includes the islands
of Rodrigues, Agalega and St.
Brandon.
Mauritius
World Affairs
February 2019
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Dongria Kondh is a tribe that lives
in the dense forests of Niyamgiri
Hills.
It spreads across Rayagada and
Kalahandi districts of
southwestern Odisha.
The Dongrias have earned the
status of PVTG (Particularly
Vulnerable Tribal Group) from the
Government of India.
Dongria Kondh
Culture
February 2019
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Unani is the system of medicine
practiced traditionally by Perso-Arabs in
Mughal India, Muslim culture in South Asia
and modern day Central Asia.
It is based on the teachings of Greek
physicians Hippocrates and Galen & was
also influenced by Indian and Chinese
medicine.
It was introduced in India by the
establishment of Delhi Sultanate and had
royal patronage including under Alauddin
Khalji.
It developed through Mughal rule, influenced
by teachings of Sushruta and Charaka.
Unani Medicine
Culture
February 2019
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Block printing was introduced to the
Jaipur region of Rajasthan by the
Chhipa community.
A print starts with the design, drawn on
paper and carved into the Sheesham
wood block.
Designs are meticulously carved by
hand into the blocks.
The physical block is the design for a
single repeat which is then stamped in
rows across the fabric.
Block Printing
Culture
February 2019
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Chhipa people of India lived first in
Nagaur in the State of Rajasthan.
The word “Chhipa” comes from the
Gujarati word “Chhapa” which
means to print.
Chhipa people now live mainly in
Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Chhipa People
Culture
February 2019
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Angkor wat is a temple complex in Angkor,
Cambodia considered to be the largest
Hindu Temple in the World.
It was originally constructed as
a Hindu temple dedicated to the
god Vishnu for the Khmer Empire, But it
was gradually transformed into
a Buddhist temple towards the end of the
12th century.
It was built by
the Khmer King Suryavarman II (completed
by Jayavarman VII)
The temple is at the top of the high classical
style of Khmer architecture.
Angkor wat Temple
Culture
February 2019
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