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NA
TIV
E A
ME
RIC
AN
’S I
N U
TA
H
A P
RO
UD
HE
RIT
AG
E
TR
IBE
S A
ND
TR
IBA
L
LAN
DS
FE
DE
RA
LLY
RE
CO
GN
IZE
D T
RIB
ES
Co
nfe
de
rate
d T
rib
es
of
the
Go
shu
te
Re
serv
ati
on
(N
eva
da
an
d U
tah
)
Na
va
jo N
ati
on
(A
rizo
na
, N
ew
Me
xic
o
an
d U
tah
)
No
rth
we
ste
rn B
an
d o
f S
ho
sho
ni
Na
tio
n o
f U
tah
(W
ash
ak
ie)
Pa
iute
In
dia
n T
rib
e o
f U
tah
(C
ed
ar
Cit
y
Ba
nd
of
Pa
iute
s, K
an
osh
Ba
nd
of
Pa
iute
s, K
oo
sha
rem
Ba
nd
of
Pa
iute
s,
Ind
ian
Pe
aks
Ba
nd
of
Pa
iute
s, a
nd
S
hiv
wit
s B
an
d o
f P
aiu
tes)
Sku
ll V
all
ey B
an
d o
f G
osh
ute
In
dia
ns
of
Uta
h
Ute
In
dia
n T
rib
e o
f th
e U
inta
h a
nd
O
ura
y R
ese
rva
tio
n
Ute
Mo
un
tain
Ute
Tri
be
(C
olo
rad
o,
Ne
w M
exic
o a
nd
Uta
h)
ww
w.a
aa
na
tive
art
s.co
m/.
../u
tah
_tr
ibe
s.h
tm
NA
VA
JO D
AN
CE
R
Na
va
jo (
Din
e´)
Fo
od
:P
lan
ted
co
rn,
be
an
s, a
nd
sq
ua
sh.
Hu
nte
d
rab
bit
s, p
rair
ie d
og
s, d
ee
r, a
nd
an
telo
pe
.
Sh
elt
er:
Ho
ga
ns
Clo
thin
g:
An
ima
l sk
ins
an
d w
oo
l.
Wa
y o
f Li
fe:
Clo
se f
am
ily
gro
up
org
an
ize
d a
rou
nd
th
e
mo
the
r o
r g
ran
dm
oth
er.
We
av
ed
, fa
rme
d,
silv
ers
mit
he
d,
an
d r
ais
ed
sh
ee
p a
nd
go
ats
.
Th
e U
te,
Pa
iute
, G
osi
ute
, a
nd
Sh
osh
on
e s
pe
ak
dif
fere
nt
bu
t re
late
d la
ng
ua
ge
s fr
om
a f
am
ily
kn
ow
n
as
the
Nu
mic
La
ng
ua
ge
Fa
mily.
Th
e N
av
ajo
sp
ea
k a
la
ng
ua
ge
th
at
is in
th
e A
tha
pa
ska
n L
an
gu
ag
e F
am
ily
.
He
rdin
g s
he
ep
an
d g
oa
ts w
as,
an
d s
till is,
th
e m
ain
sta
y
of
ma
ny
Na
vajo
fa
milie
s. S
ou
the
rn U
tah
, n
ort
he
rn
Ari
zon
a,
an
d n
ort
he
rn N
ew
Me
xico
is
the
la
nd
of
the
N
av
ajo
, w
ho
are
th
e la
rge
st N
ati
ve A
me
rica
n t
rib
e in
th
e U
nit
ed
Sta
tes.
So
me
pe
op
le b
elie
ve
th
e N
av
ajo
mig
rate
d s
ou
th in
to
the
ir c
urr
en
t h
om
ela
nd
so
me
tim
e a
fte
r 1
30
0 C
.E.
(Co
mm
on
Era
) w
he
re t
he
y liv
ed
as
hu
nte
rs a
nd
g
ath
ere
rs.
At
som
e p
oin
t, t
he
Na
va
jo a
cqu
ire
d s
he
ep
fr
om
th
e S
pa
nis
h a
nd
th
ey
lea
rne
d t
o w
ea
ve
fro
m t
he
H
op
i. T
he
Ho
ga
n is
the
tra
dit
ion
al
Na
va
jo h
ou
se.
Go
shu
te (
Go
siu
te)
Fo
od
:D
ug
fo
r ro
ots
, g
ath
ere
d b
err
ies,
se
ed
s fr
om
gra
sse
s a
nd
pin
e t
ree
s. U
sed
a b
un
ch o
f d
iffe
ren
t p
lan
ts.
Ca
ug
ht
bir
ds,
cri
cke
ts,
mic
e,
rab
bit
s, i
nse
cts,
an
d l
iza
rds.
Sh
elt
er:
Wic
ki-
up
s in
th
e s
um
me
r, c
av
es
an
d
rock
sh
elt
ers
in t
he
win
ter.
Clo
thin
g:
Wo
re l
ittl
e c
loth
ing
an
d h
ad
ra
bb
it-
skin
bla
nk
ets
.
Wa
y o
f Li
fe:
Sm
all
fa
mil
y g
rou
ps.
Sp
en
t m
ost
o
f th
eir
tim
e g
ath
eri
ng
fo
od
.
Th
e G
osh
ute
pe
op
le e
xem
pli
fy t
he
his
tori
c G
rea
t B
asi
n d
ese
rt w
ay
of
life
pe
rha
ps
be
tte
r th
an
an
y o
the
r g
rou
p b
eca
use
of
the
na
ture
o
f th
eir
te
rrit
ory
. T
he
y h
av
e b
oth
be
ne
fite
d
an
d s
uff
ere
d f
rom
th
eir
de
sert
iso
lati
on
. T
he
re a
re t
wo
Ba
nd
s o
f th
e G
osh
ute
Na
tio
n,
the
Sk
ull
Va
lley
Ba
nd
of
Go
shu
te (
trib
al
me
mb
ers
hip
of
12
7)
an
d t
he
Co
nfe
de
rate
d
Tri
be
s o
f th
e G
osh
ute
(tr
iba
l me
mb
ers
hip
of
40
9).
Th
e S
ku
ll V
all
ey
Ba
nd
ha
s st
ea
dily
clu
ng
to
its
18
63
tre
aty
re
lati
on
ship
wit
h t
he
fe
de
ral g
ov
ern
me
nt
an
d r
efu
sed
an
y f
orm
of
Fe
de
ral a
id.
MO
DE
RN
DA
Y N
AT
IVE
AM
ER
ICA
NS
IN
UT
AH
Wh
eth
er
the
y l
ive
in
do
wn
tow
n S
alt
La
ke
C
ity
or
on
a r
ese
rva
tio
n,
me
mb
ers
of
at
lea
st
35
Am
eri
can
In
dia
n t
rib
es
are
re
pre
sen
ted
in
Uta
h,
acc
ord
ing
to
20
00
Ce
nsu
sre
sult
s re
lea
sed
We
dn
esd
ay
, fr
om
th
e l
on
e H
ou
ma
to
th
e 1
4,6
34
Na
va
jos.
Na
va
jos
are
th
e m
ost
pre
va
len
t tr
ibe
in
th
e
sta
te.
Be
hin
d N
av
ajo
s a
re U
tes,
wit
h 2
,94
0
resi
de
nts
, fo
llo
we
d b
y t
ho
se A
me
rica
n
Ind
ian
s w
ho
ch
eck
ed
th
e "
oth
er"
tri
be
s ca
teg
ory
or
did
no
t sp
ecif
y t
o w
hic
h t
rib
e
the
y b
elo
ng
ed
.
Th
e t
rib
es
wit
h t
he
mo
st n
um
be
rs h
av
e
trib
al
lan
ds
insi
de
th
e s
tate
. In
ad
dit
ion
to
th
e N
av
ajo
s a
nd
Ute
s, o
the
r tr
ibe
me
mb
ers
w
ith
sig
nif
ica
nt
nu
mb
ers
in
clu
de
Ch
ero
ke
es,
w
ith
73
6;
Pa
iute
s, w
ith
66
8;
Sio
ux
wit
h 6
55
; S
ho
sho
ne
s, w
ith
61
9;
an
d m
em
be
rs o
f v
ari
ou
s La
tin
Am
eri
can
tri
be
s, w
ith
59
9.
Th
e G
osh
ute
sa
re n
ot
list
ed
as
a t
rib
e o
n
curr
en
t ce
nsu
s re
po
rts,
bu
t th
e p
op
ula
tio
n
of
the
Go
shu
te R
ese
rva
tio
n w
as
90
.
Th
e n
um
be
r o
f A
me
rica
n I
nd
ian
s a
nd
Ala
ska
N
ati
ve
s g
rew
fro
m 2
4,2
83
in
19
90
to
29
,68
4
in 2
00
0,
bu
t th
eir
ch
un
k o
f th
e t
ota
l st
ate
p
op
ula
tio
n w
en
t d
ow
n s
lig
htl
y f
rom
1.4
p
erc
en
t to
1.3
pe
rce
nt.
FO
RK
ED
ST
ICK
HO
GA
N,
NA
VA
JO
NA
TIV
ES
UT
E D
ELE
GA
TIO
N,
WA
SH
ING
TO
N D
.C.
18
80
Ute
Fo
od
:G
ath
ere
d p
lan
ts a
nd
se
ed
s,
fish
ed
. H
un
ted
de
er,
bu
ffa
lo a
nd
an
telo
pe
.
Sh
elt
er:
Te
ep
ee
ma
de
fro
m b
uff
alo
hid
es
an
d t
all
po
les;
co
uld
ca
rry
lik
e a
ten
t.
Clo
thin
g:
Wo
re l
on
g d
ress
es,
skir
ts,
tro
use
rs,
an
d m
occ
asi
ns
ma
de
fro
m
bu
ffa
lo h
ide
s.
Wa
y o
f Li
fe:
Gro
up
s o
f 2
00
div
ide
d
into
sm
alle
r fa
mil
y g
rou
ps.
Wo
me
n
ma
de
clo
the
s fr
om
an
ima
l sk
ins.
Me
n
spe
nt
mo
st o
f th
eir
tim
e h
un
tin
g.
Ho
rse
Rid
er
Ute
Tri
ba
l
Ro
ck A
rt a
t A
rch
es
Na
tio
na
l P
ark
Th
e U
te,
Go
isu
te,
So
uth
ern
Pa
iute
an
d
Sh
osh
on
e l
ive
d s
imil
ar
life
sty
les
by
hu
nti
ng
, fi
shin
g,
an
d g
ath
eri
ng
wild
pla
nt
foo
ds.
Th
e
pin
yo
n n
ut
wa
s e
spe
cia
lly
imp
ort
an
t to
all
of
the
m.
Th
ese
gro
up
s n
ow
liv
e o
n r
ese
rva
tio
ns
in
Uta
h,
Co
lora
do
, N
ev
ad
a a
nd
Id
ah
o,
alt
ho
ug
h
pri
or
to w
hit
e s
ett
lem
en
t, t
he
y r
an
ge
d a
ll
acr
oss
th
e G
rea
t B
asi
n a
nd
In
term
ou
nta
in
We
st.
Th
e s
tate
of
Uta
h i
s n
am
ed
aft
er
the
Ute
tr
ibe
. T
he
Ute
on
ce h
eld
cla
im t
o m
uch
of
Uta
h a
nd
all
of
we
ste
rn C
olo
rad
o.
Th
ey
ra
ng
ed
we
ll o
nto
th
e G
rea
t P
lain
s o
f e
ast
ern
C
olo
rad
o i
nto
Ne
bra
ska
an
d s
ou
th i
nto
Ne
w
Me
xico
. In
his
tori
c ti
me
s, t
he
re w
ere
at
lea
st
11
dif
fere
nt
ba
nd
s o
f th
e U
te t
rib
e.
Ea
ch
ba
nd
cla
ime
d t
he
ir o
wn
te
rrit
ory
bu
t m
em
be
rsh
ip i
n a
ba
nd
wa
s fl
uid
.
Th
e U
te l
ive
d b
y h
un
tin
g,
fish
ing
, g
ath
eri
ng
a
nd
tra
din
g w
ith
oth
er
Na
tiv
e A
me
rica
n
gro
up
s in
th
e a
rea
. H
ou
sin
g c
on
sist
ed
of
bru
sh s
tru
ctu
res
an
d c
on
e-s
ha
pe
d t
ipis
ma
de
fr
om
an
ima
l sk
ins.
Du
rin
g t
he
la
te 1
80
0s,
th
e
Ute
lost
mo
st o
f th
eir
lan
ds
an
d w
ere
re
stri
cte
d t
o r
ese
rva
tio
ns
in s
ou
the
rn
Co
lora
do
an
d n
ort
he
ast
ern
Uta
h.
PA
IUT
E
•
Fo
od
:G
ath
ere
d s
ee
ds,
pla
nts
, a
nd
ro
ots
. F
arm
ed
co
rn,
squ
ash
, b
ea
ns,
su
nfl
ow
ers
, w
he
at,
an
d m
elo
ns.
Fis
he
d,
hu
nte
d s
ma
ll a
nim
als
.
Sh
elt
er:
Wic
ki-u
p i
n t
he
win
ter
an
d n
oth
ing
in t
he
su
mm
er.
Clo
thin
g:
Wo
re l
ittl
e c
loth
ing
.
Wa
y o
f Li
fe:
Fa
mil
y g
rou
ps
of
15
-30
. W
ov
en
ba
ske
ts u
sed
fo
r st
ora
ge
, ca
rry
ing
wa
ter,
ha
ts,
tra
ys,
an
d b
ow
ls.
•T
he
Pa
iute
are
div
ide
d in
to t
wo
gro
up
s: t
he
No
rth
ern
Pa
iute
a
nd
th
e S
ou
the
rn P
aiu
te.
Th
e N
ort
he
rn P
aiu
te li
ve
d i
n w
ha
t is
n
ow
Ore
go
n,
Ca
lifo
rnia
an
d N
ev
ad
a.
Th
e S
ou
the
rn P
aiu
te
liv
ed
in s
ou
the
rn U
tah
, so
uth
ern
Ne
va
da
, a
nd
no
rth
ern
A
rizo
na
.
Hu
nti
ng
an
d g
ath
eri
ng
wit
h s
om
e f
ish
ing
wa
s th
e m
ain
so
urc
e
of
foo
d.
A S
ou
the
rn P
aiu
te h
ou
se m
igh
t b
e m
ad
e o
f b
rush
an
d
po
les
sta
cke
d i
n a
co
ne
-sh
ap
e.
Th
ese
are
kn
ow
n a
s w
ick
iup
s.
Ba
ske
try
wa
s m
ad
e b
y t
he
So
uth
ern
Pa
iute
, a
s w
as
po
tte
ry.
Th
ere
are
Pa
iute
re
serv
ati
on
s in
so
uth
ern
Uta
h a
nd
in
N
ev
ad
a.
Sh
osh
on
i (S
ho
sho
ne
)
•F
oo
d:
Ga
the
red
ro
ots
, se
ed
s, a
nd
pin
yon
nu
ts.
Fis
he
d,
hu
nte
d s
ma
ll a
nim
als
. R
ais
ed
co
rn,
squ
ash
, a
nd
be
an
s.
Sh
elt
er:
Pit
ho
use
s, W
ick
i-u
ps.
Clo
thin
g:
An
ima
l sk
ins
for
clo
the
s a
nd
bla
nk
ets
.
Wa
y o
f Li
fe:
Sm
all
fa
mil
y b
an
ds.
Ma
de
ba
ske
ts a
nd
so
me
po
tte
ry.
•T
he
we
ste
rn d
ese
rts
of
Uta
h w
ere
th
e h
om
e o
f th
e
Go
siu
te.
Th
ey
are
re
late
d t
o t
he
we
ste
rn S
ho
sho
ne
g
rou
ps
an
d,
thro
ug
h i
nte
rma
rria
ge
, to
th
e U
te.
Th
e
Go
siu
te l
ive
d i
n t
he
Gre
at
Ba
sin
as
hu
nte
rs a
nd
g
ath
ere
rs.
Th
ey
bu
ilt c
on
e-s
ha
pe
d w
ick
iup
s a
nd
si
mila
r st
ruct
ure
s. T
wo
re
serv
ati
on
s in
we
ste
rn
Uta
h a
re n
ow
th
e h
om
e o
f th
e G
osi
ute
.
Ida
ho
, e
ast
ern
Ore
go
n a
nd
no
rth
ern
Uta
h w
as
the
h
om
e o
f th
e N
ort
he
rn S
ho
sho
ni.
Th
e E
ast
ern
S
ho
sho
ni
live
d a
cro
ss w
est
ern
Wy
om
ing
, n
ort
he
ast
ern
Uta
h,
an
d n
ort
hw
est
ern
Co
lora
do
. S
ho
sho
ni
live
lih
oo
d r
evo
lve
d a
rou
nd
hu
nti
ng
, g
ath
eri
ng
an
d f
ish
ing
. B
iso
n h
un
tin
g w
as
esp
eci
all
y
imp
ort
an
t.
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