Narrator Narrator: Anyone who recounts a narrative, either in writing or orally. First Person...

Narrator

Narrator: Anyone who recounts a narrative, either in writing or orally.

First Person narrator: uses I, can be unreliable showing bias toward his/her subject

Second Person narrator: uses YOU

Narrator

Third Person Omniscient narrator: all knowing, not restricted to time, place, or character, and free to move and to comment at will.

Third Person limited narrator: uses HE/SHE restricting information to what the character sees, hears, feels, and thinks.

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Characterization 

The explicit presentation by the author of the character through exposition (what he/she looks like, acts like), presentation (how he/she behaves) or representation (what he/she says or what others say about them)

PROTAGONIST: ?

ANTAGONIST: ?

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Setting

The physical and sometimes, spiritual, background against which the action of a narrative takes place

Geographic location

Occupations and daily manner of the characters

Time period in which the action takes place

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Connotation

The emotional implication that words may carry. Connotations are private and personal, the result of experiences; may be group held; or universally held by most people.

Opposite: DENOTATION

Imagery

Imagery: visually descriptive or figurative language, esp. in a literary work

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Allusion

An expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference : an allusion to Shakespeare is a classical allusion.

• the practice of making such references, esp. as an artistic device.

 Literary allusion

Cultural Allusion:

Classical Allusion

Biblical Allusion

Pathetic Fallacy

The attribution of human feelings and responses to inanimate things or animals, esp. in art and literature.

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 Conflict

Conflict: The struggle that grows out of the interplay of two opposing forces in a plot.

Internal Conflict: Struggle within oneself.

External conflict: struggle against nature, another person, or society

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Dramatic Irony

A point when the reader knows more about the situation than the characters in the story

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Stream of Consciousness

A narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions.

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Flashback

An interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point the story has reached. Flashbacks are often used to recount events that happened prior to the story’s primary sequence of events or to fill in crucial backstory.

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Symbolism

Iconic representations that carry particular conventional meanings.

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Narrative Structure

Exposition

Rising Action

Climax

Falling Action

Resolution

Poetic Devices

Simile: figure of speech comparing two unlike things, often introduced with the word "like" or ”as.”

Metaphor: language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects. It is a figure of speech that compares two or more things not using like or as.

Assonance: repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming within phrases or sentences

Consonance: repetition of consonant sounds to create rhyming at the end of phrases or sentences

Alliteration: the repeated occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in the same phrase.

Diction: the speaker's distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression

Personification: metaphor in which a thing or abstraction is represented as a person.