N100 rle back massage

Back Care

Regular bathing & massage of the neck, back, buttocks, & upper arms promotes patient relaxation & allows assessment of skin condition. Particularly important for bedridden patient, massage causes cutaneous vasodilatation, helping to prevent pressure ulcers caused by prolonged pressure bony prominences or by perspiration.

Therapeutic Massage

Therapeutic massage is the application of pressure & motion by the hands with the intent of recipient’s well – being. It involves kneading, rubbing & using friction.

For the past 30 years, many touch therapies have been assimilated into mainstream nursing practice. Massage therapy is now recognized as a highly beneficial modality & is prescribed by a number of physicians. In addition, many states now have licensing requirements for massage practitioners.

Traditionally, back rubs have been administered by nurses to provide comfort to hospitalized clients. Today, they are considered standard practice. Massage techniques can be used with all age groups & are especially beneficial to those who are immobilized.

A back rub or massage can achieve many results, including relaxation, increased circulation of the blood and lymph, & are relief from musculoskeletal stiffness, pain, & spasm. Research suggests that individuals with chronic obstructive lung disease benefit from massage therapy.

The subjects in this study experienced positive changes in in heart rate, O2 saturation, and blood pressure as a result of massage.

Nursing Alert

Massage should be used with caution for people with heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, or kidney disease because increased circulation in this conditions may be harmful

Massage should never be attempted in areas of circulatory abnormalities such as aneurysm, varicose veins, necrosis, phlebitis, or thrombus or in areas of soft – tissue injury, open wounds, inflammation, joint or bone injury, dermatitis, recent surgery, or sciatica.

Three strokes commonly used during back massage are effleurage, friction, and petrissage. Start with effleurage, and then go on to petrissage & friction. Perform each stroke at least six (6) times before moving on to the next, & then repeat the whole series if desired.

When performing effleurage and friction, keep your hands parallel to the vertebrae to avoid tickling the patient. For all three strokes, maintain a regular rhythm and steady contract with the patient’s back to help him relax.

EffleurageEffleurage Using your palm, Using your palm, stroke from thestroke from thebuttocks up to the shoulders,buttocks up to the shoulders,over the upper arms, and back toover the upper arms, and back tothe buttocksthe buttocks. . Use slightly lessUse slightly lesspressure on the downwardpressure on the downwardstrokes.strokes.

The whole hand is used.

Gliding & long rhythmic strokes are used.

Firm, even – pressured strokes are directed toward the heart to assist blood return.

Lighter pressure is used when moving away from the heart.

EffleurageEffleurage

FrictionFriction

Use circular thumb strokes toUse circular thumb strokes to

move from buttocks tomove from buttocks to

shouldersshoulders;;

thenthen, using a smooth stroke,, using a smooth stroke,

return to the buttocksreturn to the buttocks. .

Thumb pads, heel of hand, or fingertips are used.

Focused, deep, circular motion are used.

Penetrates deeper muscle layers.

Is done after effleurage & petrissage.

FrictionFriction

PetrissagePetrissage

Using your thumb to oppose yourUsing your thumb to oppose yourfingers, knead & stroke half thefingers, knead & stroke half theback & upper arms, starting at theback & upper arms, starting at thebuttocks & moving toward thebuttocks & moving toward theshouldershoulder. . Then knead & stroke theThen knead & stroke theother half of the back, rhythmicallyother half of the back, rhythmicallyAlternating your handsAlternating your hands. .

Pressing, squeezing, kneading, & rolling movements by both hands (use entire hands) are used.

Deep circulation is enhanced.

C – shaped motions stimulate the muscle body.

Promotes muscle relaxation.

Petrissage Petrissage

TapotementTapotement

Palms, fingertips, & knuckles are Palms, fingertips, & knuckles are usedused..

Brisk, vigorous, rhythmic, Brisk, vigorous, rhythmic, percussive movements are usedpercussive movements are used..

Hands alternately tap, cup, slap, & Hands alternately tap, cup, slap, & pummel musclespummel muscles..

Invigorates and stimulates tired Invigorates and stimulates tired musclesmuscles..

VibrationsVibrations

Very fine, rapid, shaking Very fine, rapid, shaking movements, administered by movements, administered by the entire handthe entire hand..

Stimulates or relaxes musclesStimulates or relaxes muscles..