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TextureThe way something feels is due in part to its texture. Desks are smooth, roads are rough, cactuses are prickly, cats are furry, and basketballs are bumpy. Texture is caused by the surface features on an object-how far parts of the surface extend up or down from the surface, and how the features are organized.
Coin RubbingsThis penny is a textured object. I can put it under a piece of paper, hold it very still, and rub the paper over the object with a pencil. Let’s see how it works. (Demonstrate penny rubbing.)
Discuss the Rubbing TechniqueThe technique that you used to reveal features on coins is called rubbing. Rubbing often shows textures on an object that are hard or impossible to see in any other way. What you see is a pattern, or design, from the object being rubbed. A pattern is not a texture but a representation, or picture, of a texture.
Questions:1. What features of the penny can you
see by rubbing?2. Which tool, the crayon or the pencil,
do you think is better for making the rubbing of the coin? Why?
3. How did you rub the coin? What technique did you use?
4. How does your rubbing style make a difference in the pattern that you make?
5. What happened to the pattern if the coin moved as you were rubbing?
Make More Rubbings ActivityYou will use the Rubbing Samples Sheet to collect patterns of textured objects using rubbings.
Materials:Rubbing Samples (No. 2-Student Sheet)Set of objects
Time: 15 minutes
Teacher demonstrates how to place one of the circles over a textured object and rub only inside the circle.
Discuss the Student SheetsWhich materials made the most interesting rubbings?What can you see now that was hard to see when you looked at the material directly?
Rubbing is a good technique for recording textures and patterns that are difficult to see.
Word Banktechnique-a way of doing something, a method or procedure.
texture-the surface features of a material or object. Texture can often be felt, but fine texture is revealed visually.
pattern-a design, how something is arranged.
SummaryHow can rubbings help you learn more about an object’s surface?
(Teacher can read: Creative Solutions)
Venation PatternsThe pattern that the veins make on the leaf is called a venation pattern. There are three basic patterns of leaf venation.
ParallelParallel leaves have veins that look like many straight lines all running in the same direction from the base to the tip.
Venation Patterns
PalmatePalmate leaves have several main veins that all start from one point near the base. The veins resemble the palm of the hand with fingers extending in different directions.
Venation Patterns
PinnatePinnate leaves have one main vein with many large veins that branch off sideways all along the main vein. The veins look like a feather.
Venation Patterns
Students will make a crayon or pencil rubbing of each kind of leaf in the bag. Students will identify the type of venation pattern of each leaf rubbed.
Materials: 1 Bag of leaves Sheets of white paper (4) Crayons/ Colored Pencils
Leaf Rubbing Activity
Word Bankblade-The flat part of the leaf.
veins-The raised lines on the leaf.
venation pattern-The design of the leaf veins.
SummaryHow can the rubbing technique help us learn more about leaves?
(Teacher can read: Looking at Leaves and Rubbings)
Can your team match the shoe with the correct rubbing?
Shoe Rubbings Experiment
1. Croc2. Tennis Shoe3. High
Heeled Shoe
4. Slipper5. Walking
Boot
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