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Moving along the NFV Way_
Diego R. Lopez Telefónica I+D May 2014
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Network functions are fully defined by SW, minimising dependence on HW constraints
DPI BRAS
GGSN/ SGSN
Firewall
CG-NAT
PE Router
VIRTUAL NETWORK FUNCTIONS
COMMON HW (Servers & Switches)
FUNCTION
CAPACITY
The NFV Concept
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
NFV-based Target Service Provider Network
• The target is a simplified, less expensive service provider network • Service level functionality should be implemented largely in software • The network infrastructure consists of low unit cost COTS network
elements: servers, packet optical transport, data center switches and storage
• Leverage low cost per unit to provide bandwidth expansion and increasing range of services
• Use distributed storage instead of expensive routing and transport to deliver popular, high volume content
• Use software-based service delivery to be more responsive to new requirements from customers and market opportunities
• Automate management and provisioning to the greatest extent possible • From hardware-based networks to software defined, virtualized ones • Leverage SDN for application-aware routing, and separation of packet
forwarding from control to rapidly introduce new services and adapt to changing traffic patterns
• Network functions, caching, applications, enablers all run in virtualized distributed data centers
• IP & transport infrastructure still used as necessary in optical backbone and Internet
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Architectural Use Cases
• Network Functions Virtualisation Infrastructure as a Service § Network functions go cloud-
like • Virtual Network Function as a Service § Ubiquitous, delocalized
network functions • Virtual Network Platform as a Service § Applying multi-tenancy at
the VNF level • VNF Forwarding Graphs § Building E2E services by
composition
!
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Service-Oriented Use Cases
• Mobile core network and IMS § Elastic, scalable, more resilient EPC § Specially suitable for a phased approach
• Mobile base stations § Evolved Cloud-RAN § Enabler for SON
• Home environment § L2 visibility to the home network § Smooth introduction of residential
services
• CDNs § Better adaptability to traffic surges § New collaborative service models
• Fixed access network § Offload computational intensive
optimization § Enable on-demand access services
!
!
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
The NFV Framework
NFV Infrastructure
End Point
End Point
E2E Network Service
Compute Storage Network HW Resources
Virtualization Layer Virtualization SW
Virtual Compute
Virtual Storage
Virtual Network
Virtual Resources
Logical Abstractions Network Service
VNF VNF VNF
VNF VNF
Logical Links
VNF Instances
VNF VNF VNF SW Instances
VNF : Virtualized Network Function
VNF
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
XaaS for Network Services
NFVI Provider
IaaS NaaS NaaS SaaS
NFVIaaS
Hosting Service Provider VNF
VNF VNF
VNF VNF
VNF
VNF VNF
VNF
VNF Tenants
NSP
VNF VNF
VNF
VNF
VNF
VNF Forwarding Graph Admin User
Admin User
VNFaaS
User
PaaS PaaS
VNPaaS
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
The NFV Reference Architecture
Computing Hardware
Storage Hardware
Network Hardware
Hardware resources
Virtualisation Layer
Virtualised
Infrastructure Manager(s)
VNF Manager(s)
VNF 2
OSS/BSS
NFVI
VNF 3
VNF 1
Execution reference points Main NFV reference points Other reference points
Virtual Computing
Virtual Storage
Virtual Network
EMS 2
EMS 3
EMS 1
Service, VNF and Infrastructure Description
Or-Vi
Or-Vnfm
Vi-Vnfm
Os-Ma
Se-Ma
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Vn-Nf
Vl-Ha
Orchestrator
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Proofs of Concept
• Look for practical results • Demonstrate and disseminate
NFV capabilities • Explore technology options • Facilitate gap analysis • Contribute to guide the
future ISG activity • Lightweight process
• Few (objective) requirements to file a PoC proposal
• Run PoC project • Openly report results to the
community
• The call is open along the ISG lifetime
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
It Ain’t Cloud Applied to Carriers
The network differs from the computing environment in 2 key factors…
Data plane workloads (which are huge!)
Network requires shape (+ E2E interconnection)
HIGH PRESSURE ON PERFORMANCE
GLOBAL NETWORK VIEW IS REQUIRED FOR MANAGEMENT
1
2
…which are big challenges for vanilla cloud computing.
AN ADAPTED VIRTUALISATION ENVIRONMENT IS NEEDED TO OBTAIN CARRIER-CLASS BEHAVIOUR
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
CLOUD COMPUTING NFV
1. PERFORMANCE BOUND TO CPU 1. PERFORMANCE BOUND TO I/O & MEMORY ACCESS
2. AGGREGATED VIEW OF RESOURCES (CPU, memory, etc.)
2. NUMA VIEW Internal architecture is relevant for guests
3. ENDPOINTS Applications need the OS
3. MIDDLEPOINTS Data-plane network functions bypass the OS
4. NODE-CENTRIC Shapeless interconnection
4. NETWORK-CENTRIC The network has a shape
5. MANY AND SMALL VMs 5. FEW AND LARGE VMs
Cloud Computing vs NFV
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v v
COTS HW
LOCAL PoPs REGIONAL DATA CENTRES
Centralized Control Plane Distributed Data Plane
OS + HyperVisor
MPLS/SDN/Optical
Infrastructure
Service Domain
Network Domain
CDN Video
P-CSCF
EPC BRAS
CG-NAT DPI
SDP CSFB
IMS
DHCP PCRF
DNS UDB
COTS HW
OS + HyperVisor
MPLS/SDN/Optical
SRVCC
HW and SW decoupling
HW and SW decoupling
GGSN
PE
Security
NGIN
M/SMSC
Networks PoPs and datacentres intra- and inter-communications will be critical to guarantee network service elasticity and network plasticity
Redesigning Network Segments
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With the Proper Balance between NFV & SDN
BNG CONTROL CG-NAT SW-defined network functions § Separation of HW and SW § No vertical integration
- HW vendor ≠ SW vendor ≠ Mgmt vendor § Once network elements are SW-based, HW
can be managed as a pool of resources
NFV
Interconnecting Virtual Network Functions (a.k.a. backplane) § Separation of control and data plane § Easy orchestration with SW domain
SDN
DHCP
UPnP
TR-069
IPv4 / IPv6
Session mgmt
NAT
NAT ctrl.
Pool admin
POOL MGMT
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
@Cloud VM
Bare Metal
Acceptable performance
Bare Metal VM
@Cloud
GAP
x10
Bare Metal VM @vPoP
EXEC
UTI
ON
MA
NA
GEM
ENT EX
ECU
TIO
N
MA
NA
GEM
ENT
What defensive Industry says
What can be achieved doing things well(*)
80 Gbps per COTS blade
(*) ETSI NFV Work Item “NFV Performance & Portability Best Practises”: DGS/NFV-PER001 Current version: v0.0.7 (stable draft – 15/10/2013)
High and Predictable Performance is Achievable
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An Evolutionary Approach
• NFV implies a significant change for current network infrastructures § No zero-day approach is feasible § Avoiding disruptions
• Identify relevant use cases § Emerging services § Reuse of equipment still in amortization § Leverage on new planned elements in
architecture • Plan for phased deployments § Interworking with existing infrastructure § Not breaking current operational practice
• Take advantage of NFV advantages § Flexibility § Extensibility § Reusability
Soft-Node
DS vCPE
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• Simple, stable along the time and cheaper customer premises equipment
• Quick and transparent migration to IPv6
• Service evolution and operation is supported inside telco network
• Monetize cloud and video services (virtual set top box)
• Monetize security and digital identity features
EXPLORE PoC TRIAL DEPLOY
MATURITY LEVEL
Switch Access Point Módem
Virtual CPE
FW
TR-069 NAT
UPnP
DHCP
IPv4/IPv6
STB Home environment
Telco Network environment
Shifting network functions deployed in home environment to the network…
Live trial today
Commercial before end 2014
NFV Current Targets: Virtual Residential CPE
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
• >80 Gbps line rate per server
• Stable signatures
• Flexible data analysis and signature upgrade
• Forensic analysis feasible.
EXPLORE PoC TRIAL DEPLOY
MATURITY LEVEL
RAW USER TRAFFIC
OF Controller OF Switch
Deeper
REAL-TIME ANALYSIS
Network Big Data
RELEVANT INFO Metadata interface
RAW USER TRAFFIC MITIGATION
Copy
POLICY DECISIONS
Security Alarms
OpenFlow
Other data
xDRs
CENTRALISED INTELLIGENCE
NFV domain
SDN domain
NFV Current Targets: Elastic DPI
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
• QinQ termination
• LPM Routing
• GRE tunnelling (reference for wholesale services)
• MPLS tunnelling
• 80 Gbps line rate switching per server
BNG
EXPLORE PoC TRIAL DEPLOY
MATURITY LEVEL
NFV Current Targets: SW BNG
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
• Common routing protocols supported and extended by open source project.
• Well-known router command line.
EXPLORE PoC TRIAL DEPLOY
MATURITY LEVEL
Leverage on open source routing project (Quagga) as rich and widely tested protocol suite while assuring data plane performance
OPEN-SOURCE CONTROL PLANE
(Quagga + Linux)
OPTIMIZED DATA PLANE
(DPDK-based)
• High-performance line-rate data plane.
• Running as separate process, does not lead to licensing issues.
NFV Current Targets: Enhanced Virtual Router
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PoC Develop
Time
AVAILABLE
Industry
SDOs & de facto technologies
Exploration Trial & Industrialised product
Deployment
Months
Open source & basic technologies
Standardise Drive
ROADMAP ACCELLERATION
Accelerating Transformation
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Commodity HW
OS + Hypervisor
Commodity Switching infrastructure
Virtualised Infrastructure
Manager
VNF Manager Virtual Network
Functions
Orchestrator
Legacy OSS/BSS
Current State of the Art is good enough (if properly arranged)
ADD VALUE HERE: Industry should focus on
providing differential VNFs
and Network Orchestration
ADD VALUE HERE: Industry should
focus on providing differential VNFs.
Credible ROADMAP needed!!
Network Virtualisation Infrastructure and its Management should become COMMODITY
Network Virtualisation Infrastructure and its Management should become completely homogenous (commoditized if you like)
Work is needed in Open Source
to AVOID proliferation of VERTICAL SOLUTIONS
Closing the Gaps
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
Taking a First Step: The NFV Reference Lab @ Telefónica
22
NFVO
Proper HW & Hypervisor
config
ADD VALUE HERE: Network Orchestration
on top of Carrier-grade
OpenStack
VNFs
ADD VALUE HERE: Simplest integration
NFVI VIM = OpenStack++ OFC++
BASELINE TECHNOLOGIES
ECOSYSTEM
ECOSYSTEM
Carrier-grade OpenStack going to upstream
development
DISCOVER, DISRUPT, DELIVER
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