Most genes have more than two alleles for the same character

MULTIPLE ALLELES

Most genes have more than two alleles for the same character

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Involves three alleles for a single gene.

These three genes, in various combinations, produce four phenotypes.

Type A, B, AB, O

Carbohydrate A & B

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

A and B refer to carbohydrates that are found on the surface of the red blood cells that bind to antibodies. O - no carbohydrates A - carb. A B - carb. B AB - carbs. A and B

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

The four blood types result from various combinations of the three different alleles symbolized as:

IA – A is codominant to B

IB – B is codominant to A

ii – O is recessive

* Alleles IA & IB are codominant.

BLOOD TYPING PROBLEM

If the mother has heterozygous type A blood and the father has heterozygous type B blood, is it possible for the child to have type O blood?

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Each blood type has antibodies which bind to foreign carbohydrates (causing the blood to clump). This reaction is a part of the immune

system. Example: Type A blood has antibodies

that react with carbohydrate B.

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Matching compatible blood groups is important for safe blood transfusions.

Type A blood can accept: A or O

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Matching compatible blood groups is important for safe blood transfusions.

Type B blood can accept: B or O

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Matching compatible blood groups is important for safe blood transfusions.

Type AB blood can accept: A, B, or O

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Matching compatible blood groups is important for safe blood transfusions.

Type O blood can accept: O only

ABO BLOOD GROUPS

Matching compatible blood groups is important for safe blood transfusions.

Type O blood is known as the universal donor.

Type AB blood is known as the universal recipient.