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Monday October 1st 2012
An overview of Europe’s ecological balance sheet and prospects for a 7th EAP
Prof. Jacqueline McGladeExecutive Director, EEA
August 2012 – 100% of Greenland's surface ice melting
Our diagnosis: this is not sustainable
20th Century
Population 4X
Global freshwater withdrawals 3X
Economic Output 22X
Fossil fuel consumption 14X
OECD
Green Growth -- more growth in Quantity?From less is more to do more with lessRESOURCE EFFICIENCY
Towards a 7th EAP
6th EAP 7th EAP
2002 - 2012 2012 – 2020s
EU27 imports and exports of materials
Europe and the environmental debt
Share of imports in EU-27 materials consumption for selected materials
Europeans consume...
10 % of world apparel output
13 % of world energy output
17 % of world meat output
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Enerdata; FAO
...whilst having a 7% global share of population
Food and drink, housing and mobility create the greatest pressures on the environment: the European picture
Eating and drinking
16 % of GHG emissions
34 % of material use
Housing and infrastructures
31 % of GHG emissions
22 % of material use
Mobility
26 % of GHG emissions
14 % of material use
Source: EEA
The successes and failures of policy so far
Greenhouse gas emissions are falling…
The successes and failures of policy so far
…but global temperatures continue to rise
The successes and failures of policy so far
Emissions are falling, showing an improvement in resource efficiency...
The successes and failures of policy so far
…but the conservation status of many ecosystems is still poor
The successes and failures of policy so far
Particulate matter and nitrogen compounds are declining…
The successes and failures of policy so far
…but many people are still exposed to high concentrations of pollutants
The successes and failures of policy so far
Progress has been made in water efficiency….
The successes and failures of policy so far
….but water stress is still a problem in Europe
Pathways for the future
An economy in which policies and innovations enable society to use resources efficiently, enhancing human well-being in an inclusive manner, while maintaining the natural systems that sustain us.
A green economy
Managing natural capital and ecosystem services: improving resource efficiency and ensure resilience
Human well-being(social and human capital)
goal: enhance social equity and fair burden-sharing
Ecosystem(natural capital)
goal: ensureecosystem resilience
Economy(produced capital)
goal: improveresource efficiency
GREENECONOMY
• Stiglitz-Fitoussi-Sen Commission
(2009) and EC’s ‘Beyond GDP’
initiative indicates that it is
feasible to measure progress
across the economic, social and
environmental domains by using
a basket of interlinked, coherent
indicators.
• National initiatives like the
Gross National Happiness
Index of Bhutan
Beyond GDP - progress
Wellbeing and happiness a new paradigm
UN report of the high-level meeting on well-being and happiness 2nd April 2012
Natural Capital
Social and Cultural Capital
Human Capital
Building capital
Imaginative capital
Thoughts on a 7th EAP
• By and large, European environmental policies appear
to have had a clearer impact on improving resource
efficiency than on maintaining ecosystem resilience.
Thoughts on a 7th EAP
Implementation
Better implementation and
further strengthening of
current environmental
priorities
Thoughts on a 7th EAP
Implementation
Better implementation and
further strengthening of
current environmental
priorities
Integration
Coherent integration of
environmental
consideration across the
many sectoral policy
domains
Thoughts on a 7th EAP
Implementation
Better implementation and
further strengthening of
current environmental
priorities
Integration
Coherent integration of
environmental
consideration across the
many sectoral policy
domains Inter-linkages
Dedicated management of
natural capital and
ecosystem services
(increasing resource
efficiency and resilience)
Thoughts on a 7th EAP
Implementation
Better implementation and
further strengthening of
current environmental
priorities
Integration
Coherent integration of
environmental
consideration across the
many sectoral policy
domains Inter-linkages
Dedicated management of
natural capital and
ecosystem services
(increasing resource
efficiency and resilience)
International
dimension
Transform to a green
economy to manage
natural capital sustainably
within Europe … and
beyond
Thank you!
Jacqueline McGladejacqueline.mcglade@eea.europa.eu
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