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Millennium Development Goalsand Health in Nigeria
Dr Andrew L MbeweChild and Adolescent HealthWorld Health Organization.
Outline
• What is Health?• Health Related MDGs• Status of Health Related MDGs in Nigeria• Addressing the Challenges– Policy, Strategic and Planning Level.– Implementing the Policies, Strategies and plans.• Federal, State, LGA and Communities.
– UN, Civil Society and Health
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social
wellbeing and not merely the absence of Disease or infirmity”
World Health Organization
Health Related MDGs
• GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger• GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education• GOAL 3: Promote gender equality and empower women• GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality• GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health• GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases• GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability.• GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships for
development.
GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger
Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce extreme
poverty– Very High poverty
• Productive and decent employment– Very Large Deficit in
decent work
• Reduce hunger by half– Very high hunger
Nigeria• 13 percent of babies are
exclusively breast fed throughout the first six months.
• 41 percent of Nigerian Children are stunted ( Short for age)
• 14 percent are wasted (Thin for their height)
• 23 percent are underweight* MDG indicator
GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education
Sub-Saharan Africa• Universal Primary
schooling– Moderate enrolment
Nigeria• 62.1 percent: Net
attendance ratio in primary school.
• 98.5 percent: Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5.
• 69.4 percent: Literacy rate of 15-24 year olds.Ref: NDHS 2008
GOAL 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Sub-Sahara Africa• Equal Girls’ Enrolment in
primary school– Close to parity
• Women’s Share of Paid Employment– Medium Share
• Women’s Equal Representation in National Parliaments– Moderate representation
Nigeria• Ratio of girls to boys in
primary, secondary and tertiary education- na
• 83.5 percent: Respondents who attended secondary school or higher or who can read a whole sentence
Ref: NDHS 2008
GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality
Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce a mortality of
under-five year-olds by two thirds.– High Mortality
Nigeria• 157/1000 live births:
Under five mortality Rate (Target: 77)
• 75/1000 live births: Infant Mortality Rate.
• 41.4 percent: One year old children immunized against measles.
GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health
Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce Maternal Mortality
by three quarters– Very High Mortality
• Access to reproductive health– Low Access
Nigeria• 545 /100,000 live births:
Maternal Mortality Ratio• 38.9 percent: Percentage of
births attended by skilled health personnel
• 14.6 percentage: Contraceptive Rate( Any contraceptive Method, currently married women and men age 15-49 years).
Nigeria
GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.– High Incidence
• Halt and reverse spread of tuberculosis– High Mortality
Nigeria• 40.8 percent: Condom use at last
higher risk sex: Youth 15-24 years• 23.9 percent: Population 15-24
years with comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS
• 1.2 : Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years
• 5.5 Percent: children U5 sleeping under ITN
• 33.2 percent: Children with fever appropriately treated with anti-malarials
HIV/AIDS Services Coverage
• People living with AIDS: 3.34 million (ANC 2010)• -Universal Access Target of 80% coverage by
2015• ART : 359181 people accessing in 446 sites• PMTCT: 26181 women accessing 670 sites• HCT : 2287805 adults receiving HTC services in
1070 sites.• Ref : FMOH
Tuberculosis
• Case detection has increased.• Treatment success rate has improved 82%,
Target 85%.• Challenges:– HIV/TB interaction– Emergency of MDR
• New Advances– New Rapid Test, can obtain results in 2 hours.– National prevalence survey- Magnitude
GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability.
Sub-Saharan Africa• Reverse loss of forests.
– Medium forest cover.• Halve proportion of
population without improved drinking water.– Low Coverage.
• Halve the population without sanitation.– Very Low Coverage.
• Improve the lives of slum dwellers.– Very high proportion of
slum dwellers
Nigeria• 55.8 percent: Population
using improved drinking water source, urban and rural
• 31.2 percent: Population using improved sanitation facility, urban and rural
• *** Common conditions transmitted by oral fecal route: Polio, Cholera, Worm Infestation.
GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships for development.
Sub-Saharan Africa• Internet Users– Low Usage.
Nigeria• PMNCH: Partnership for
Maternal, Newborn, Child Health.
Addressing the Challenges• Despite some improvement, the coverage of key MNCH
interventions is still very low.• The MDG 2011 report provides a reminder on the work
ahead….MDGs are like far distant mountains.• Nigeria has Federal, State Strategic Health and Development Plans.• UN Agencies must individually and severally assist FMOH&SMOH
to implement, supervise, monitor and evaluate the plans.• The UN agencies- In collaboration with stakeholders- must
mobilize resource for themselves and also for the FMOH and SMOHs to implement the state and LGA plans- example Civil Society, UNH4 and UNDAF
Working Together-for health-
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