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psychologist Mihaiela-Virginia Fazaca
special education teacher Emese Darko
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PraderWilli syndrome (PWS) is acomplex multisystem disorder
characterized by a variety of clinicalfeatures (Prader et al. 1956).In order to provide appropriate
services the cognitive, behavioral
and emotional dimensions, PWSmust be clearly understood
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Psychological anddevelopmental aspects ofchildren andteenagers with PWS:
- psychomotor delays, speech articulation
difficulties and cognitive dysfunction;- most children are pleasant, affable,
compliant and happy members of theirfamilies but behavior problems and
emotional imbalance in PWS may become aproblem.
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Significantbehavioralchanges may begin
to occur such as:- temper tantrums,- inappropriate
social behaviour,- automutilation(skin picking)
- stubbornness,- mood swings,- impulsivity,- depression,- anxiety and
obsessivecompulsive
symptoms,- autism spectrum
disorders
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About 10% of the adolescents and adults
develop major psychiatric problems rangingfrom severe and agitated depression topsychotic episodes
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- The psychotherapeutic process needed toaddress the emotional and behavioralproblems, must be adapted to learning style,
cognitive abilities, memory and attentionspan of patients with PWS.- So these activities should be more concrete
in order to be effective.
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Import t spects i esi i progr ms sedon
age:
preschool period
a) Pri ar ass ss t and sti lati n f ntaldevel ent and s l i al f ncti ns;
) e se f layful activities t sti ulate t echild's ers nality;
c) evel r er self-i ageand st tivati nfor various for ativeactivities.
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primary school
a) improve fine and gross motor skills,
emphasis on developing motor behavior,essential in this period of life;
b) develop daily living skills, to ensure propersocial integration
c)stimulate cognitive development
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During adolescence
a) emphasis is given to vocational assessment
and training of the individuals
b) continue the development of daily livingskills and social integration
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Art therapy is an effective treatment forvarious developmental, medical,educational, social or psychological
disabilities.
Art Therapy - psychotherapeutic disciplinethat uses the arts to facilitate expression of
thoughts and feelings which an individual isunable to verbalize.
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Terms in which we could describe theactivities with people with special needs,using art as a basis for interaction:
- Therapy through art,- Occupational therapy- Creative therapy,- Art therapy- Ergo therapy- Stimulation through art, etc.
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Art therapyStimulation through combined
arts
Art therapy involvesan effort torehabilitate,
compensate fordisability
Can only be done by a
therapist
The therapist, throughcombined arts, carriesout activities through
the arts with peoplewith special needs,encouraging to expresstheir feelings.
any person who workswith people with specialneeds can carry outsuch activities
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In art therapy, psychotherapy designed asartistic media, includes:
visual art therapy; music therapy; therapy through movement (dance, sports) drama therapy;
poetry therapy; therapy through short stories - fairy tales,
stories);
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Use nonverbal methods
based on the visual
creation:
- drawing,
- painting,
- sculpture,
- modeling,
- collage.
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- Benefits:
a) enables the individual tospeak and representthemselves throughvarious forms, symbols,images and colors;
b) improvement of sensory,motor and visualexperience
c) helps beneficiaries to usenonverbal and verbalexpression with a strongtouch of personalization.
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Music therapy uses
music as a
therapeutic tool to
preserve, restore orimprove behavioral
and emotional
problems of the
person with special
needs (PWS).
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- Allows detachment from thestress generating elements
- Amplifies endurance- Facilitates communication -
especially nonverbal -between people
- Contribute to thedevelopment of mentalfunctions and processes,from primary (perceptionsand representations) tocomplex (imagination,creativity)
- Improves behavior and socialinteraction
Benefits:-Generate a series of tonicemotional states
- Induces a state oftranquility, which reducetensions and anxiety
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As therapeutic toolsit is used:
- Role play,
- Dramatization,- Reciting poetry- Social stories
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Benefits:
stimulates and developscritical thinking, feelingand acting
develops empathetic skills ability to resolve
problematic situations
assessment of correctnessand efficiency of
developed behavior removal of inappropriate
and ineffective behavior
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Movement therapymay take thefallowing form:
free physicalexercise or byusing equipment
dance movement games,
etc.
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Benefits:- ersonalitydevelopment- avoids conflicts- integrates individual
intocommunityandsocial surroundings-publicexpressionofa
ish or initiative- develops relationships
ithothers-establishes positiveemotional situations- strengthens positivesocial behaviors- releases tension
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Essential to remember when talking about art therapy -the most important aspect is the creative process and notthe product, viewed from an aesthetic angle.
Attention is focused on:- expressing feelings
- the way the person is involved in the imaginative/creativework
- interpretation of the artistic product, emotions
- and also on the possibility to share this experience withthe therapist and creating bonds with others
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Art therapy can not :
- restore visual or hearing impairment of achild with a disability
- give a coherent way of thinking for those whoare intellectually disabled
- restore the mobility of individuals with aphysical impairment
but can and must give a person with PWS theopportunity to explore the world, and to dealwith it in a stimulating and gratifying way.
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M. J. Descheemaeker, A.Vogels (2002). PraderWilli syndrome:newinsights in the behavioural and psychiatric spectrum.Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 46, Part 1
Macintyre, C (2010). Play for children with special needs :supporting children with learning differences, Routledge
Newman, S. (2004). Stepping out: using games and activities tohelp your child with special needs, Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Preda, V (2004). Terapiiprin mediere artistic. Editura PresaUniversitar Clujean, Cluj-Napoca
Turner M (2005). Terapii sau activitipentru persoane cu
dizabiliti. n mpreun, Buletin Informativ al Reelei de Artepentru Comunitate din Romania, nr. 6, Noiembrie 2005
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