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Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationMigratory Species: Migratory Species: Working Together Working Together
towards a Vision for towards a Vision for 2O2O2O2O
Opportunities and Challenges Opportunities and Challenges for Conservation through for Conservation through
Sustainable UseSustainable UseKai WollscheidKai Wollscheid
Director GeneralDirector GeneralCIC – International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationCIC – International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Migratory Species: Migratory Species: Working Together Working Together
towards a Vision for towards a Vision for 2O2O2O2O
Opportunities and Challenges Opportunities and Challenges for Conservation through for Conservation through
Sustainable UseSustainable UseKai WollscheidKai Wollscheid
Director GeneralDirector GeneralCIC – International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationCIC – International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
ContentContentContentContent
1. A Magazine2. A Revolutionary Model3. A Challenge
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
„If you have built castles in the air,
your work need not be lost; that is where they should be.
Now put foundations under them.”
Henry David Thoreau
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
This gathering could offer This gathering could offer an ideal opportunity to an ideal opportunity to
further such foundations…further such foundations…
This gathering could offer This gathering could offer an ideal opportunity to an ideal opportunity to
further such foundations…further such foundations…
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
1. A Magazine1. A Magazine
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
1871...1871...1871...1871...
...a new monthly newspaper appeared in the US: “The American Sportsman”
Amasing shift in social and civic
conscience to rescue and support wildlife for generations to come
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
2. A Revolutionary Model
2. A Revolutionary Model
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationThe North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
ModelModel
The North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
ModelModelCause and concern: hunters’ voices echoed across the continent, demanding a codified approach to the taking of wildlife – a prescription for both, human conduct and motivation
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationThe North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (2)Model (2)
The North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (2)Model (2)Launch of a social and intellectual revolutionWildlife became tied to identity, sense of nationhood and civic responsabilityThis doctrine relied on the taking of nature, not on simply viewing it
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationThe North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (3)Model (3)
The North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (3)Model (3)Concept based on „Seven Sisters”: 1. public trust,
2. prohibition of commerce, 3. democratic rule of law, 4. hunting opportunity for all, 5. non-frivolous use,
6. international resources,7. scientific management
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife ConservationThe North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (4)Model (4)
The North American The North American Wildlife Conservation Wildlife Conservation
Model (4)Model (4)6. International resources: 1916: Great Britain (on behalf of
Canada) and the US sign the Migratory Bird Convention1918:Migratory Bird Treaty Act implements
Convention in the USSimilar agreements with other nations followed
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
3. A Challenge3. A Challenge
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro (1992) applied the concept of sustainable development.
During the last years, the sector of tourism for example has developed different concepts for environmentally friendly forms of tourism. A so-called “environmental management” can assure that negative impacts of tourism are reduced to a minimum.
A number of regional and global initiatives do exist that have one aim in common: to further sustainable use of all resources (http://www.cbd.int/default.shtml).
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
....
Sustainable Use
1992
2002
2004
2007
Use of Resources
The concept of “Sustainable Development“
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
“Use, if sustainable can serve human needs
on an ongoing basis while contributing to the conservation of biological diversity”
“Use of wild living resources, if sustainable, is an important conservation tool because the social and economic benefits derived from such use provide incentives for people to conserve them”
IUCN Policy Statement Amman IUCN Policy Statement Amman 20002000Sustainable Use of Wild Living Sustainable Use of Wild Living ResourcesResources
IUCN Policy Statement Amman IUCN Policy Statement Amman 20002000Sustainable Use of Wild Living Sustainable Use of Wild Living ResourcesResources
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
CBD has developed two very significant Guidelines: the Guidelines on Biodiversity and Tourism Development and the Addis Ababa Principles and Guidelines for the Sustainable Use of Biodiversity (AAPG).
The Guidelines on Biodiversity and Tourism Development (http://www.cbd.int/programmes/socio-eco/tourism/guidelines.asp): CBD recognizes that sustainable tourism can provide significant benefits to biodiversity conservation. The guidelines cover all forms of tourism. Special focus lies on indigenous and local communities. Tourism can also play a crucial role in incorporating sustainable use and equity strategies within and around protected areas. The Convention furthermore asks for feedback on the effectiveness of these Guidelines.
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
....“ADDIS ABABA“Principles and Guidelines for the Sustainable Use of Biodiversity
Guidelines on Biodiversity and Tourism Development
Sustainable Use
1992
2002
2004
2007
Use of Resources
TourismUse of
Biodiversity
Hunting Tourism
The concept of “Sustainable Development“
Principles and
Guidelines for
Sustainable Hunting Tourism
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
The Addis Ababa Principles and Guidelines for the Sustainable Use of Biodiversity (AAPG) (http://www.cbd.int/programmes/socio-eco/use/addis.asp) were developed and finally adopted by the Parties to the CBD in February 2004. The CIC, like IUCN, was right from the beginning a partner in this process and assisted in the development of the AAPG. The AAPG in fact represent the latest state of the art on sustainable use of biodiversity, and provide a framework for assisting stakeholders on all geographical levels, as well as institutional levels such as the UN System, Conventions, Governments, development agencies, local and indigenous communities, resource managers, the private sector and NGOs, on how to ensure that their uses of biodiversity will not lead to its long-term decline.
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
The Principles:
apply to consumptive and
non-consumptive use
are intended to be of general relevance
but not all apply equally to all situations
or apply with equal rigour Full version: : www.biodiv.org
www.cic-wildlife.org
Important Notes
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
In a nutshell Sustainability of use of biodiversity will be enhanced if there is:
Supportive & linked governance at all levelsEmpowerment & accountability of local usersAdaptive management using science,
monitoring, local knowledge andtimely feedbacks
Equitable sharing of benefits for local peopleTransparency & international co-operationPublic awareness of the benefits Full version: : www.biodiv.org
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Initiatives for sustainable hunting
European Sustainable Hunting Initiative
IUCN ESUSGWISPERGuidelines For Sustainable Hunting
Addis Ababa Principles &Guidelines (AAPG)
IUCN-ZSL Symposium on Recreational Hunting
“Hunting Tourism:A Red Rag?”
Premium Hunting(Conservancies)Namibia
Conservation Hunting Best Practice Manual
Sustainable Hunting Tourism Programme
European Charter on Hunting & Biodiversity
SustainableMigratory Bird
Hunting in the MTCGlobal:
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Sustainable Sustainable ddevelopmentevelopmentis a is a pprocess...rocess...
Sustainable Sustainable ddevelopmentevelopmentis a is a pprocess...rocess...
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Strasdas 2001 modified
Sustainable tourism management:
Sustainable tourism management:
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Conservation needs Conservation needs datadata……
Conservation needs Conservation needs datadata……
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Harvest Data...Harvest Data...Harvest Data...Harvest Data......in many regions and for many species not sufficient enough Even if data does exist – sharing remains critical (provision of data regarded as threat for further use of species)Many organisations involved in monitoring of harvest (AEWA, WI, etc.)
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Conservation needs Conservation needs finance…finance…
Conservation needs Conservation needs finance…finance…
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Sustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable Financing
If wildlife and protected areas do not contribute to poverty reduction but instead limit availble resources which otherwise could be used to alleviate poverty, then their conservation has no political future.
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Sustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable Financing
Sustainable use options for wildlife (including migratory species) are many and variedPhoto tourism, hunting, meat production, use of by-products, etc.
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Sustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable FinancingSustainable Financing
Empirical experience shows: combination of different forms of utilisation usually renders highest income!In some instances environmentally friendly wildlife utilisation can brin equal/greater revenue per unit area then other land use options (e.g agriculture)
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions
conservation concepts must be sustainable in all aspects: politically, economically, ecologicallyProvision of harvest data must be seen as carrot, rather then a stick
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
ConclusionsConclusions (2) (2)ConclusionsConclusions (2) (2)
Increased education of resource users on biological impact of use during different life cycles Why not creating a „Sustainable Use CHM” to increase credibility of data management?
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
ConclusionsConclusions (3) (3)ConclusionsConclusions (3) (3)
More equaty in reporting success! Ciritical role of (conservation) media in presenting successes and failures in both, consumptive and non/consumptive use of migratory speciesBroad coalition required for developing tangible standards and criteria for SU
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Special thanks to CIC Expert Prof. Shane Mahoney, Newfoundland, for his advise on the North American Wildlife Conservation Model. For further reading: http://www.rmef.org/Hunting/HuntersConservation
Contributions to this presentation came also from Kolja Zimmermann, Coordinator CIC Sustainable Hunting Tourism Programme.
Migratory Species: Working Together towards a Vision for 2020 – Smithsonian Institution 16 th May 2007
CIC - International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation
Thank you for your sustained attention!
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