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Medical Isotope Production in Liquid-FluorideReactors
Kirk SorensenFlibe Energy
Huntsville, Alabamakirk.sorensen@flibe-energy.com
256 679 9985
Flibe Energy was formed in order to develop liquid-fluoridereactor technology and to supply the world with affordable and
sustainable energy, water and fuel.
Liquid-Fluoride Reactor ConceptReactor Containment Boundary
Reactorcore
DrainTank
Freeze valveP
rimary
HX
LiF-BeF2-UF4
Gas
Heater
LiF-BeF2
Generator
TurbineC
ompressor
Gas
Cooler
Coolantinlet
Coolantoutlet
Gas Heater High-TempRecuperator
Low-TempRecuperator
Gas Cooler
TurbineElectricalGenerator Recompressor Main Compressor
Cooling Water
WarmSaturated
Air
Cool DryAir
Dra
inTa
nk
WaterCoolantTorus
WaterCoolantTorus
Short-Term Gas Holdup
SurgeAccum
Long-Term Gas Holdup
SurgeAccum
CryogenicStorage
Bi(Th) Bi(Pa,U)
Decay
Fluor
DecayTankIsotopicQuench
metallic Th feed
FuelFluorinator
H2
Reduction
Bi(Li)Bi(Th,FP)
Was
teTa
nk
metallic HDLi feed
Scrub
KOH
ElectroCell
HF
H2
F2
Blanket Salt (7LiF-ThF4-BeF2)
Coolant salt (7LiF-BeF2)
Decay Salt (7LiF-BeF2-(Th,Pa)F4)Waste Salt (LiF-CaF2-(FP)F3)
Fresh Offgas
1-day Offgas
3-day Offgas
90-day Offgas
Helium
UF6-F2
F2
HF-H2
H2
Bismuth
200-bar CO2
77-bar CO2
Water
Fuel Salt (7LiF-BeF2-UF4)
The Molten-Salt Reactor Experimentwas an experimental reactor systemthat demonstrated key technologies.
Lanthanide Fission Products
Alkali- and Alkaline-Earth Fission Product Fluorides
c
ORNL-TM-3884
THE MIGRATION OF A CLASS OF FISSION PRODUCTS (NOBLE METALS) IN THE MOLTEN-SALT REACTOR EXPERIMENT
R. J. Ked1
Addressing Molten Salt Contamination
Salt Purification by NF3 FluorinationNitrogen trifluoride (NF3) could be used to purify salts from any oxideor sulfide contamination as well as to remove noble metals. NF3 ismuch less aggressive towards container materials.
3BeO + 2NF3 → 3BeF2 + N2 + 1.5O2
3Li2O + 2NF3 → 6LiF + N2 + 1.5O2
Mo + 2NF3 → MoF6 + N2
Tc + 2NF3 → TcF6 + N2
Molybdenum-99 is a fairly common fission product
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Krypton
Lanthanides
Xenon
Strontium-90
Molybdenum-99
Promethium-147
About 5% of the fission reactions in uranium-233 generate molybdenum-99.
Vastly Simplified 99Mo Production in LFTR
Fluoride salts are safe and versatileChemicallystable in air
and water
Unpressurizedliquid with
1000◦C rangeof temperature
Large power reactors make vast amounts of Mo-99
...which unfortunatelyis utterly inaccessible...
due to high pressureoperation and the use ofsolid nuclear fuel.
Unique Technology Intersection
Power-generatingreactors
LWR, HWR, HTGR,LMFBR, FHR,
GFR
Medical-isotope-generating reactors
NRU, HFR, OPAL,BR2, Safari, TRIGA,
SHINE, TRIUMF
LFTR
North American Competition for 99Mo Production
I 235U (n, f ) 99Mo in solid uranium targets (LEU or HEU)I NorthWest Medical Isotopes, Corvallis, OregonI Coqui Pharmaceuticals, Coral Gables, FloridaI Eden Radioisotopes, Albuquerque, New MexicoI General Atomics, San Diego, California
I 98Mo (n, γ) 99Mo in solid molybdenum targetsI NorthStar Medical Isotopes, Madison, WisconsinI GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, Wilmington, North Carolina
I 3H (d ,n) 4He in subcritical aqueous uranium solutionI SHINE Medical Technologies, Monona, Wisconsin
I 100Mo (e− → γ,n) 99Mo in solid molybdenum targetI NorthStar Medical Isotopes, Madison, Wisconsin
I 100Mo (p,2n) 99mTc in solid molybdenum targetI TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia
Small MSR would produce globally-significant 99Mo
100 MWt Facility for Assured Power Generation
2015 TECHNICAL REPORT
Electric Power Research Institute 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304-1338 • PO Box 10412, Palo Alto, California 94303-0813 USA
800.313.3774 • 650.855.2121 • askepri@epri.com • www.epri.com
Program on Technology Innovation: Technology Assessment of a Molten Salt Reactor Design The Liquid-Fluoride Thorium Reactor (LFTR)
My Own Little Medical Radioisotope Experience
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