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CONTACT US
Measuring Photovoltaic module degradation in an ISO 170252017 accredited Testing Laboratory
Presented by Dr Jacqui Crozier McCleland
Test and Measurement 2019 Conference and WorkshopMisty Hills Conference Hotel Muldersdrift Gauteng
17 September 2019
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
bull Renewable energy is a growing industry in South Africa
bull The Department of Energyrsquos Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REI4P) has announced approximately 6225MW of installed photovoltaic capacity since 2011
bull PV plant owners developers and operators normally require that a sample of modules will need to be tested for conformation to specification
bull Between the manufacturer of the modules and the operator of the plant there lies a key gap independent verification of the performance of the product (ie the actual PV modules) before installation on site as well as during the operation of the facility
CONTACT USABOUT US
T0700
The PV Research Group at Nelson Mandela
University has a well-established position in the
South African market in terms of using existing- and
developing new PV characterisation techniques
Spin-off company from Nelson Mandela University
Situated in Port Elizabeth Eastern Cape
Established to conduct product testing and
verifications of photovoltaic modules according to
IEC 61215 international standard as well as our in-
house procedures in our ISO 17025 accredited
laboratory
CONTACT USOUR EXPERTS
Our specialists are a team of
Physicists with decades of experience in the PV field
Researchers strong research background and links to the PVRG at the Nelson Mandela University
Backed by a strong team of technicians and PhD students of Nelson Mandela University trained to perform the tests according to IEC standards and in-house procedures
PVRG PV Research Group
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
One key factor of reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems is to increase the reliability and the service life time of the PV modules
Todayrsquos statistics show degradation rates of the rated power for crystalline silicon PV modules of 08year
[DC Jordan SR Kurtz Photovoltaic Degradation Ratesmdashan Analytical Review Prog Photovolt Res Appl (2011) doi 101002pip1182 ]
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
bull Renewable energy is a growing industry in South Africa
bull The Department of Energyrsquos Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REI4P) has announced approximately 6225MW of installed photovoltaic capacity since 2011
bull PV plant owners developers and operators normally require that a sample of modules will need to be tested for conformation to specification
bull Between the manufacturer of the modules and the operator of the plant there lies a key gap independent verification of the performance of the product (ie the actual PV modules) before installation on site as well as during the operation of the facility
CONTACT USABOUT US
T0700
The PV Research Group at Nelson Mandela
University has a well-established position in the
South African market in terms of using existing- and
developing new PV characterisation techniques
Spin-off company from Nelson Mandela University
Situated in Port Elizabeth Eastern Cape
Established to conduct product testing and
verifications of photovoltaic modules according to
IEC 61215 international standard as well as our in-
house procedures in our ISO 17025 accredited
laboratory
CONTACT USOUR EXPERTS
Our specialists are a team of
Physicists with decades of experience in the PV field
Researchers strong research background and links to the PVRG at the Nelson Mandela University
Backed by a strong team of technicians and PhD students of Nelson Mandela University trained to perform the tests according to IEC standards and in-house procedures
PVRG PV Research Group
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
One key factor of reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems is to increase the reliability and the service life time of the PV modules
Todayrsquos statistics show degradation rates of the rated power for crystalline silicon PV modules of 08year
[DC Jordan SR Kurtz Photovoltaic Degradation Ratesmdashan Analytical Review Prog Photovolt Res Appl (2011) doi 101002pip1182 ]
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USABOUT US
T0700
The PV Research Group at Nelson Mandela
University has a well-established position in the
South African market in terms of using existing- and
developing new PV characterisation techniques
Spin-off company from Nelson Mandela University
Situated in Port Elizabeth Eastern Cape
Established to conduct product testing and
verifications of photovoltaic modules according to
IEC 61215 international standard as well as our in-
house procedures in our ISO 17025 accredited
laboratory
CONTACT USOUR EXPERTS
Our specialists are a team of
Physicists with decades of experience in the PV field
Researchers strong research background and links to the PVRG at the Nelson Mandela University
Backed by a strong team of technicians and PhD students of Nelson Mandela University trained to perform the tests according to IEC standards and in-house procedures
PVRG PV Research Group
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
One key factor of reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems is to increase the reliability and the service life time of the PV modules
Todayrsquos statistics show degradation rates of the rated power for crystalline silicon PV modules of 08year
[DC Jordan SR Kurtz Photovoltaic Degradation Ratesmdashan Analytical Review Prog Photovolt Res Appl (2011) doi 101002pip1182 ]
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USOUR EXPERTS
Our specialists are a team of
Physicists with decades of experience in the PV field
Researchers strong research background and links to the PVRG at the Nelson Mandela University
Backed by a strong team of technicians and PhD students of Nelson Mandela University trained to perform the tests according to IEC standards and in-house procedures
PVRG PV Research Group
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
One key factor of reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems is to increase the reliability and the service life time of the PV modules
Todayrsquos statistics show degradation rates of the rated power for crystalline silicon PV modules of 08year
[DC Jordan SR Kurtz Photovoltaic Degradation Ratesmdashan Analytical Review Prog Photovolt Res Appl (2011) doi 101002pip1182 ]
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USINTRODUCTION
One key factor of reducing the costs of photovoltaic systems is to increase the reliability and the service life time of the PV modules
Todayrsquos statistics show degradation rates of the rated power for crystalline silicon PV modules of 08year
[DC Jordan SR Kurtz Photovoltaic Degradation Ratesmdashan Analytical Review Prog Photovolt Res Appl (2011) doi 101002pip1182 ]
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIntroduction ndashModule Degradation
With the rapid growth of the PV industry and the increased return of investment expectations
Reliability is neither defined nor covered by the existing IEC standards
Discuss how to Measure and Monitor Module degradation
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USSERVICES In-Lab Tests
Visual Inspection
Max Power Determination
Electroluminescence [EL] Imaging
Thermographic [IR] Imaging
Electrical Insulation
T0700
Conduct performance testing of PV modules according to the relevant IEC 61215 standards as well as in-house standard tests
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USSANAS 170252017 Accreditation
PV Testing Lab Scope of Accreditation
Materials Products Tested
Type of Tests Properties Measured Range of Measurement
Standard Specifications Techniques Equipment Used
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Visual Inspection PVTL_PROC_09 (IEC 61215-section 101)
Maximum Power PVTL_PROC_10 (IEC 61215 -section 102)
Electrical Insulation Test PVTL_PROC_11 (IEC 61215-section 103)
Thermographic Inspection In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_13
Electroluminescence Imaging In-house Procedure -PVTL_PROC_12
T0700
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Visual Inspection according to IEC 612152005
The purpose of this test is to identify and locate visual defects that could have affected the performance of the PV module
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152005
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using an indoor solar simulator
Flash simulator conforms to class AAA referring to
bull Spectral match 075 ndash 125
bull Spatial non-uniformity lt plusmn 2
bull Temporal instability lt plusmn 2
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator
MakeManufacturer Optosolar GmbH
Model SOL2m2m
Class AAA rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No SOL2m2m20070502
Calibration Deutscher Kalibrierdienst Calibration Certificate D-K-20571-01-00 Date
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIn-Lab Test Maximum Power (Flash Test) according to IEC 612152017
Measurement of the Current-Voltage (I-V) Characteristics of PV modules done using a mobile solar simulator
LED simulator conforms to class A+A+A+ referring to
Measurement Uncertainty 28-3 depending on reference module
Solar Simulator
Description Solar Simulator - Full spectrum long pulse LED Flasher
MakeManufacturer MBJ Services GmbH
Model Mobile PV Lab 30
Class A+A+A+ rated to IEC 60904-9 for Spectral Match Non-Uniformity of Irradiance and Temporal Stability
Serial No 5001_Ute MBJ-2018-042
Calibration
MBJ Test Report Mobile PV Lab 30
Report No 500120190314 Hamburg March 2018
Test date 08032019
Accepted for use in accredited tests by SANASndash Sept 2019
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USYearly assessment of Degradation
bull Year on year analysis of results able to identify small degradation with time
bull Outliers can be further investigated with complementary lab techniques
bull Low uncertainty is needed to assess yearly degradation
bull Testing Labs- Pmax Uncertainty +-3bull Best Calibration labs ndash 16
Pmax
Isc
Voc
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USBasics of EL Setup
Figure 43 Schematic of EL experimental setup The equipment used is the same for high
resolution and low resolution imaging The EL Setup consists of the following
components
bull a Camera with appropriate lenses
and filters
bull a Dark roomlow light environment
bull an appropriate power supply and
bull appropriate structure to hold the
module and camera such the
optical axis of the camera shall be
placed perpendicularly and as close
as possible to the module face to
image the solar cell or module area
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
EL imaging at 10 IscEL imaging at 110 Isc
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USIn-Lab Tests Electroluminescence Imaging
EL imaging is a fast effective techniques for assessing the quality of PV modules
bull Critical 20 or more cell area affected (gt=20)
bull Major between 10- 20 cell area affected (gt=10 amp lt20)
bull Minor between 0-10 cell area affected (gt0 amp lt10)
bull Uncritical no cell area affected
bull Other (possible impact on performance)
bull Other (No impact on performance)
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USHow to compare Different EL setups - Sharpness
EL Setup A BLevel Module ModuleCamera Detector CCD sensor CMOS Cameras 1 4Images per module 1 12Camera Resolution (H x V pixels) 1024 x1024 2048 x 1536Light Conditions Low Light Dark RoomPixel Size [mm] 205 027Sharpness Class B A
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USOnsite Testing
bull To determine the cause of module degradation and look for other causes of poor performance Onsite testing is necessarybull String Measurementsbull Thermographic Inspectionbull UV bull Onsite EL
bull Statistical Analysis of SCADA data pinpoint problems on large-scale PV plants bull Plant performance can be affect by other issues not related to Module performance
bull Shadingbull Mechanical Damagebull Poor Cleaning Routine
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USOnsite Thermography
Vmp = 345
V
Voc = 443
V
Isc = 87 A
Vmp = 347 V
Imp = 64 A
Voc = 439
V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 10 20 30 40 50
Curr
ent
(A)
Voltage (V)
Reference module Defective module
Reference Defective Difference ()
Pmax (W) 276 222 -196
Isc (A) 87 87 -
Voc (V) 443 439 -
Vmmp (V) 345 347 06
Immp (A) 80 64 -20Monphias Vumbugwa Correlation of Photovoltaics plant performance metricsldquo MSc Thesis Nelson Mandela University 2018
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
In-Situ EL inspections
Pre-installation Warehouse inspections
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING String and Module Electroluminescence Imaging
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USON-SITE TESTING Ultraviolet Fluorescent (UV-F) Imaging
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USMobile Lab ndash
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
CONTACT USConclusions
Accredited testing services provide accurate and reliable results for degradation
Onsite Testing can assess performance reliability and durability of a PV power plant and identify under-performing modules and defects to ensure reliable energy production
Selected Testing services are available and can be performed on-site in order for insurers developers to verify performance and determine reasons for non-performance
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
041 504 2856 4874
infopvinsightcoza
wwwpvinsightcoza
Photovoltaics Testing Laboratory (PVTL)Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus (CSIR)Gomery Avenue SummerstrandPort Elizabeth South Africa340022248degS 256665205degE
Monday ndash Friday0830 AM ndash 0400 PM
CONTACT USCONTACT US
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