MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS. INTRODUCTION TO MATTER. Atoms An ___________is the smallest basic unit of...

MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS.INTRODUCTION TO MATTER

Atoms

• An ___________is the smallest basic unit of ________________. – Atoms are too small to be seen, but we can see

large collections of atoms, such as people. – Atoms are so small that they cannot even be seen

with a strong optical microscope.

Molecules

• When two or more atoms ______together, they make a particle called a _______________.

• A molecule can be made of __________numbers and types of atoms.

• A molecule is the smallest amount of a __________made of combined atoms that is considered to be that substance.

Atoms are always in motion.

• Regardless of the state of matter, atoms are always ____________.

• Atoms move the most freely in the _________state and the least freely in the _________state.

Atoms in the Solid State

Atoms are very close together and vibrating off each other

Atoms in the liquid state are free flowing

Atoms in the Gaseous State are fast moving

MATTER COMBINES TO FORM DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES.

INTRODUCTION TO MATTER

Matter can be pure or mixed.

• Most of the substances around you are ______________. – Examples: paper, lemonade

• A ________substance has only one type of component. A substance is considered pure if it contains only _______type of atom or single combination of atoms.

Matter makes up substances.

• ______________ are mixtures of a particular type. Elements, compounds, and mixtures are all substances.

Elements

• An ___________is a substance that contains only a singe type of ________.

• The __________of atoms does not matter as long as they are all the same type.

• Elements ___________be separated into other substances. – Examples: gold, silver, helium, oxygen

Compounds

• A _______________is a substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms ___________together. – Example: Table salt is a compound because it is

made of sodium and chlorine.

H2O

CO2

NaCl

Mixtures

• A __________is a combination of different substances that remain the same individual substances and can be separated by ____________means. – Example: A bowl of apples, oranges, and bananas

can be separated by physically removing them from the bowl.

Pictures from Chem 4 kids

Comparing Mixtures and Compounds

Mixtures Compounds

Parts of a Mixture

• Homogenous Mixtures – when substances are _______spread throughout a mixture.– Examples: mixing sugar into a cup of water,

homogenized milk• Heterogeneous Mixtures – when substances

are _______evenly spread throughout a mixture– Examples: soil, salsa

Homogeneous Mixture

• “Homo” means the same • has the same uniform appearance and

composition throughout; maintain one phase (solid, liquid, gas)

• Commonly referred to as solutions• Example:

Salt WaterNotice the

uniformappearance

Solution

• a mixture of two or more substances that is identical throughout

• can be physically separated• composed of solutes and solvents

the substance in the smallest amount and the one that dissolves in the solvent

the substance in the larger

amount that dissolves the solute

Colloids (milk, fog, jello) are considered solutions

Iced Tea Mix(solute)

Water(solvent)

Iced Tea(solution)

Salt water is considered a

solution. How

can it be physically separated?

Heterogeneous Mixture

• “Hetero” means different• consists of visibly different substances

or phases (solid, liquid, gas) • a suspension is a special type of

heterogeneous mixture of larger particles that eventually settle

• Example:

Trail Mix

Notice thevisibly

differentsubstance

s

Suspensions Properties

• Suspensions separate into layers over time• Particles are larger than those in a solutions• Examples: Sand in water, muddy water, salad

Homogenous or Heterogeneous?

Homogenous or Heterogeneous?

Homogenous or Heterogeneous?

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Copper

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

CopperCu

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Rocks

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Rocks

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Jelly Beans

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Jelly Beans

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Table Sugar

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Table Sugar

C 12H 22O 11

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Diamond

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

DiamondC

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Tea

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Tea

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Salt

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

SaltNaCl

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Neon Gas

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Neon GasNe

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Salad

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Salad

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Pure Water

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Pure WaterH 2O

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Aluminum

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

AluminumAl

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Lemonade

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Lemonade

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Silver

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

SilverAg

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Sand

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Sand