Material Handling (Goals, principles, and equipments)

MATERIAL HANDLING

Goals of Material Handling20 Principles of Material Handlings

Material Handling Equipments

GROUP 10. KOH, ELYASS, FATEHA, ZURAIFAH, HUSNA, SURIANI.

MATERIAL HANDLING

Material handling is the function of moving the right material to the right place in the right time, in the right amount, in sequence, and in the right condition to minimize production cost.

GOALS OF MATERIAL HANDLING

The primary goal is to reduce unit costs of production

Maintain or improve product quality, reduce damage of materials

Promote safety and improve working conditions Promote productivity

material should flow in a straight line use gravity. move more material at one time mechanize material handling automate material handling

GOALS OF MATERIAL HANDLING

Promote increased use of facilities Reduce tare weight (dead weight) Control inventory

20 PRINCIPLES OF MATERIAL HANDLING.

1. Orientation PrincipleStudy the system relationships thoroughly prior to preliminary planning in order to identify existing methods and problems, physical and economic constraints, and to establish future requirements and goals.

2. Planning PrincipleEstablish a plan to include basic requirements, desirable options, and the consideration of contingencies for all material handling and storage activities.3. Systems PrincipleIntegrate those handling and storage activities which are economically viable into a coordinated system of operation including receiving, inspection, storage, production, assembly, packaging, warehousing, shipping and transportation.

4. Unit Load PrincipleHandle product in as large a unit load as practical.

5. Space Utilization PrincipleMake effective utilization of all cubic space.

6. Standardization PrincipleStandardize handling methods and equipment wherever possible.

7. Ergonomic PrincipleRecognize human capabilities and limitations by designing material handling equipment and procedures for effective interaction with the people using the system.

8. Energy PrincipleInclude energy consumption of the material handling systems and material handling procedures when making comparisons or preparing economic justifications.

9. Ecology PrincipleMinimize adverse effects on the environment when selecting material handling equipment and procedures.

10. Mechanization PrincipleMechanize the handling process where feasible to increase efficiency and economy in the handling of materials.

11. Flexibility PrincipleUse methods and equipment which can perform a variety of tasks under a variety of operating conditions.

12. Simplification PrincipleSimplify handling by eliminating, reducing, or combining unnecessary movements and/or equipment.

13. Gravity PrincipleUtilize gravity to move material wherever possible, while respecting limitations concerning safety, product damage and loss.

14. Safety PrincipleProvide safe material handling equipment and methods which follow existing safety codes andregulations in addition to accrued experience.

15. Computerization PrincipleConsider computerization in material handling and storage systems, when circumstances warrant, for improved material and information control.

16. System Flow PrincipleIntegrate data flow with the physical material flow in handling and storage.

17. Layout PrinciplePrepare an operational sequence and equipment layout for all viable system solutions, then select the alternative system which best integrates efficiency and effectiveness.

18. Cost PrincipleCompare the economic justification of alternate solutions in equipment and methods on the basis of economic effectiveness as measured by expense per unit handled.

19. Maintenance PrinciplePrepare a plan for preventive maintenance and scheduled repairs on all material handling equipment.

20. Obsolescence PrinciplePrepare a long range and economically sound policy for replacement of obsolete equipment and methods with special consideration to after-tax life cycle costs.

OVERVIEW OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Material handling equipment includes:1. Storage and handling equipment - usually non-automated storage equipment. Products

such as Pallet rack, shelving, carts, etc. belong to storage and handling.

2. Bulk material handling- used to move and store bulk materials such as ore,

liquids, and cereals. This equipment is often seen on farms, and mines.

3. Engineered systems- typically custom engineered material handling

systems. Conveyors, Handling Robots, AS/RS, AGV and most other automated material handling systems fall into this category. Engineered systems are often a combination of products integrated to one system

4. Industrial trucks

-  refer to operator driven motorized warehouse vehicles, powered manually, by gasoline, propane or electrically. eg:  Forklift trucks

CONSIDERATIONS IN MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEM DESIGN

1. Material Characteristics

Category Measures

Physical state

Size

Weight

Shape

Condition

Safety risk and risk of damage

Solid, liquid, or gas

Volume; length, width, height

Weight per piece, weight per unit volume

Long and flat, round, square, etc.

Hot, cold, wet, etc.

Explosive, flammable, toxic; fragile, etc.

CONSIDERATIONS …CONT.

2. Flow rate

Manual handlingHand trucks

Powered trucksUnit load AGV

Conveyors ConveyorsAGV trainHigh

Low

LongShort Move Distance

Quantity of material moved

CONSIDERATIONS …CONT.

3. Plant LayoutLayout Type Characteristics Typical MH Equipment

Fixed – position

Process

Product

Large product size, low production rate

Variation in product and processing, low and medium production rates

Limited product variety, high production rate

Cranes, hoists, industrial trucks

Hand trucks, forklift trucks, AGVs

Conveyors for product flow, trucks to deliver components to stations.

THE END