MAT 033: Engineering Materials and Processes

MAT 033: Engineering Materials and Processes

Course Objective...Introduce fundamental concepts in Materials Science

You will learn about:• material structure• how structure dictates properties• how processing can change structure

This course will help you to:• use materials properly• realize new design opportunities with materials

Lecturer: Chris Kiely

Time: Mon 11.10 – 12.00 ; Weds 11.10-12.00

Location: 101 Packard Laboratory

Activities:• Present new material• Announce reading and homework

• 2 Quizzes

Lectures

Purpose:• Discuss homework, quizzes and exams• Hand back graded quizzes, exams• Discuss concepts from lecture

Times and Places:

J.M. Rickman M. WatanabeR.P. VinciJ.M. RickmanA. Kovalskyy

Th 12.10 pm Th 1.10 pmFr 9.10 amFr 10.10 amFr 11.10 am

203 Whitaker 203 Whitaker 203 Whitaker203 Whitaker203 Whitaker

Recitations start this week.

Recitations

Required text:• Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach

W.D. Callister, Jr. and D.G. Rethwisch, 3nd edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (2008).

Course Material

Option 1: Hardbound version: $200 (new) - $144 (used)

Option 2: Simple ring binder version: $94

Option 3: On-line version $50

Option 4: Amazon Kindle version $97

Reading Schedule

See the detailed course syllabus which is posted on:-

coursesite

Go to http://coursesite.lehigh.edu/ and login using your Lehigh username and password

Course materials will be posted under:-

MAT-033-00-FL10-ENGR MATLS & PROCESSES

Weekly homework problems – 20%

Quiz #1 20%Scheduled for: 10/04Material covered ; Lectures 1-8

Quiz #2 25%Scheduled for: 11/08Material covered; Lectures 9-16

Final Exam 25%To be scheduled

Material covered: everything w/extra emphasis on last 10 lectures

Grading

Recitation sessions/pop quizzes – 10%

The Weekly Homework “Cycle”

Lectures are on Mondays and Wednesdays.

Recitations are on Thursdays/Fridays.

• Homework assigned weekly and will be posted on the coursesite every Tuesday.

• Homework must be handed in at the beginning of the lecture on the following Monday.

• Homework will returned during the Thur/Fri recitation session.

The Periodic Table

Structural feature Dimension (m)

atomic bonding

crystals (ordered atoms)

second phase particles

crystal texturing

< 10-10

10-10

10-8-10-1

10-8-10-4

> 10-6

Materials Classification – Metals

• Dense

• Good electrical conductors

• Good heat conductors

• Shiny appearance – lustrous

• Strong

• Deformable- malleable

• Sometimes magnetic

Pure metals or combinations of metallic elements (alloys) – metallic bonding

Materials Classification – Ceramics

• Hard

• Brittle

• Electrical insulators

• Poor thermal conduction

• Heat and corrosion resistant

• Can be transparent or opaque

Compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements - Ionic or covalently bonded

Materials Classification – Polymers

• Huge variety of properties

• Low densities

• Non-conductors

• Low melting points

• Can be very flexible

Organic compounds based on C, H and other non-metallic elements – covalent and secondary bonding

Composites-which consist of more than one material type

SemiconductorsCeramic materials that have electrical properties that are intermediate between that of conductors and insulators

Micromechanical machines made from silicon

Transistor Technology

Biomaterials- metal, ceramic or polymer materials designed for implanting in the human body

ex: hardness vs structure of steel • Properties depend on structure

ex: structure vs cooling rate of steel • Processing can change structure

Effect of Processing e.g. Mechanical Properties

Cooling Rate (C/s)

100

200

300

400

500

600

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

(a)

30m

(b)

30m

(d)

30m(c)

4m

Hard

ness

(B

HN

)

T (°C)-200 -100 0

Cu + 3.32 at%Ni

Cu + 2.16 at%Ni

deformed Cu + 1.12 at%Ni

1

2

3

4

5

6R

esi

stiv

ity,

(1

0-8 O

hm

-m)

0

Cu + 1.12 at%Ni

“Pure” Cu

• Electrical Resistivity of Copper:

• Adding “impurity” atoms to Cu increases resistivity.• Deforming Cu increases resistivity.

Effect of Composition & Processing

e.g. Electrical Properties

• Transmittance: - Aluminum oxide may be transparent, translucent, or opaque depending on the material structure.

single crystalpolycrystal:low porosity

polycrystal:high porosity

Effect of Structuree.g. Optical Properties

1. Pick Application Determine required Properties

2. Properties Identify candidate Material(s)

3. Material Identify required Processing

Processing: changes structure and overall shapeex: casting, sintering, vapor deposition, doping, forming, joining, annealing.

mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical, corrosion resistance.

Material: structure, composition.

Materials Selection