Map Activity Pg 443 Label the cities – Leningrad, Moscow, Stalingrad Label all the socialist...

Infograph Activity

A.• Read Pg 441-444• Take notes• What led to the Bolshevik Revolution (Russian

Revolution).”

Infograph Activity B• Working with your

partners you will create a graphic organizer

• Bolshevik Revolution• Use your notes

Russian Revolution

FALL OF RUSSIAN EMPIRE

OA 1

1. What is a revolution?

2. Why would people resort to a revolution?

Romanov Tsar of Russia

House of Romanov, Last Imperial Dynasty of Russia (1613-1917)

Tsar Nicholas II The last Tsar/Czar (Emperor)

of Russia

• Slow to Industrialization – Unlike its neighboring empires, Russia was slow to industrialize.

By the 20th century, great majority of Russians still worked in farms as peasants.

– Feudalism was still alive in the Russian Empire (Unhappy farmers)• Poverty– Failure of capitalism led to economic problems– Peasants and industrial workers lived in extreme poverty– Only a few have power and live luxurious lives: Nobles, priests,

and the royal family • Autocratic rule – The Tsar held absolute power! – The Tsar and the Russian officials used the secret police to

maintain order of their subjects through fear and coercion – Oppressed revolutionaries and reformers who wanted to change

the government

Russo Japanese War

Russo Japanese War

Revolution of 1905• Bloody Sunday Massacre – Royal guards

opened fired on demonstrators • Mass political unrest took place all over the

empire-- worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies

• As a result, a legislative body (Parliament) called the Duma, was created. – However, it turned out to be a weak puppet gov.

QUICK QUESTION: WHY DID RUSSIA ENTER WWI?

World War I• Russia enters the War to protect Bosnia and Serbia.• Initially, the Russian people were happy to fight for their

empire and their Czar.• Traditional duties of the Czar compelled Nicholas II to lead the

Russian army.

• Russians fought the Germans in the Eastern Front. – Poorly Equipped– Poor Transportation– Poor Commanding– Russians suffered the

highest casualties

World War I (At Home)• Tsarina Alexandra was put in charge at home– German born (who were the Russians fighting in war?)

• Poverty and war shortages (food and fuel)• Grigori Rasputin– Con-man– Self proclaimed holy man– drunkard – Womanizer – Assassinated

OA 2 (299)

1. According to Marx who were the Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie?

2. What did Karl Marx predict in The Communist Manifesto?

Review: Karl Marx

“Father of Communism” • Anti-Capitalism– Capitalism made people greedy, devalued human capacity,

created social and economic inequality, and was one of the key causes of imperialism

• Industrial working class would rise and overthrow capitalism

• Marxists wanted to create a classless society

A New Russia!• February Revolution – Unhappy Russians took

to the streets in protest – Unhappy with the War, increase of food prices and

rationing, and the Tsar’s leadership • Tsar Nicholas II was forced to return home,

where he abdicated his position in 1917– He and his family were put under house-arrest

• Temporary Provisional Government was put into place – Alexander Kerensky– The new government decided to continue the

unpopular war!

A New Russia!• Soviets “Councils” “Committee”– Small government bodies made up of representatives

from workers and soldiers (mostly made up socialists and radicals)

– They challenged the authority of the provisional government

• Bolsheviks – Revolutionary Marxists group (Believes in Karl Marx’s teachings)

• October Revolution—Bolsheviks overthrew the Provisional government and took control!

OA 3

1. What happened in Paris, France this Friday (11/13)?

2. What do you know about the group known as Islamic State (ISIS)?

Document Analysis

Breaking the text1. Number each sections of the text– Example: Source; 1; 2; 3

2. Highlight or circle difficult words3. Define or translate the highlighted words on the margins – Tsar: Emperor of Russia

4. Underline important lines5. Below each section briefly summarize the text

Breaking the text6. Work with your groups! Share and discuss the text. Make additional notes or corrections if you have to.

7. Complete the Guiding Questions

Vladimir Lenin

• Leader of the Bolsheviks• He believed that revolution

was necessary to end capitalism

• He promised to end the war – He promised “Peace, land, bread”– Popularity and membership of the

party grew • October Revolution – Under his leadership the Bolsheviks

overthrew the provisional government

– They renamed themselves the Communists

Vladimir Lenin

• Red Police “Cheka” – Secret police was created and used to destroy opposition– “Red Terror”

• War Communism– government gained complete control of the economy – Droughts and famine – 5 million died

• New Economic Policy (NEP)— Government allowed controlled capitalism

Russian Civil War

• Red Army: well trained Bolshevik army

• White army : anti-Bolshevik army – Old Imperial Generals– Poland, Estonia, Latvia– Mensheviks– Support from Britain,

France, & US

Assassination of the Royal Family

Legend of Anastasia Romanov

Soviet Union• Bolsheviks change their name to Communists• Communists became the sole dominant party – Communism – Socialism in which one political party has complete

power

• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)– Soviet Union

Pg 473-476 New Era in the Soviet Union

Who was next in line?

Leon Trotsky • Marxist Revolutionary• Top ranking Bolshevik• Commissar of War and

the founder and first leader of the Red Army

• Organized Oct Revolution

• One of the founding father of the Soviet Union–Hero of Soviet Union

Joseph Stalin• Part of Politburo:

committee that made laws• Rivals with Trotsky• Held position as the

General Secretary–Appointed officials

• 1929: eliminated Bolsheviks (opponents)– Exiled and assassinated Trotsky

• Five Year Plan– Transform to industrial society

• Collectivization – policy in which the Soviet

Union destroyed private farms and took control of all the previous farm lands.

– Government collected crops and cattle from the farmers

– Many farmers resisted by destroying their own crops and cattle

– 10 million peasants died due to famine 1932-1933

• Holodomor “Hunger extermination” – man-made famine in the USSR 1932 and 1933– Stopped transportation of food– killed an estimated 2.5–7.5 million in Ukraine

alone

Result:• Great Purge 1936 -1938–Mass removal of

communist and government members –Anybody who could pose

political threat were removed (Generals and Central Party Members)–Civilians –8 million men and women

were arrested–Many were sent to forced

labor camps called Gulags

Animal Farm

O.A.

• In animal farm, which character represented Joseph Stalin? (Support your answer)

• What were some of the issues of the Russian Empire? What were some of the grievances towards the Tsar?

• Were the Bolsheviks and the Soviet Union able to fix the old problems? Explain why or why not.