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Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Manipulation of weighing systems
Senior MCS Adviser Bjarne Schultz Norway
Auckland, 08.03.2016
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Content
• IUU/Fisheries Crime at landing • MCS of pelagic fisheries in North-East
Atlantic • International recommendations (OIML)
regarding weighing instruments • Weighing systems in use, incl. PLC systems • How are weighing systems manipulated? • How to approach this challenge?
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
IUU and Fisheries Crime at landing
• For IUU and fisheries crime the point of landing is critical
• The North-East Atlantic situation • Weighing systems can be manipulated
– RSW landings (up to 70 tones per hour) – Mackerel the most valuable specie
• First hand value per hour in 2015 – USD approx. 68.500 – EUR approx. 60.500 – NZD approx. 103.000
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
MCS of pelagic fisheries in North-East Atlantic
• Regulated by Costal State Agreements – Cooperation between Costal States in the
field of MCS – Working Group of Control Experts
• Tasked to focus on issues that can effect quota outtake and the objective of a level playing field
• Manipulation of weighing instruments identified as a serious challenge
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
International recommendations
• International Organisation of Legal Metrology (OIML) - Located in Paris, France – 128 members (UN 193) – The aim of OIML is to enhance the impact of industrial
development and economic growth and to minimize technical barriers to trade
• Norway have identified gaps between international recommendations for belt weighing systems and what is needed to enforce fisheries laws and regulations – Norway have adjusted national regulations to fill these
gaps
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Weighing systems in use incl. PLC systems
• Type of weighing systems in use;
– human consumption: belt weighing systems – industrial purposes (fishmeal/fish oil): batch
weighing systems • Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) systems are
usually connected to such weighing systems • Weighing systems connected to PLC systems are
challenging from a law and enforcement point of view
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
PLC systems What is it???
• Industrial computer control systems – Mission to steer processing functions based on
signals from various sources – Production lines, machine functions or process
could be customized and enhanced using PLC – Commonly used in all industries
• Benefits using PLC systems: – the ability to change and replicate the operation or
process while collecting and communicating vital information
– it is modular and can mix and match types of “input/output” devices
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
PLC systems What is it??
• “Open system” (no sealing) – It is easy/possible to:
• access the system • change parameters and functions in PLC software • change or bypass weighing functions
• Result: Manipulation of weighing instruments
carried out by remote control of the PLC system using smartphones, tablets or PC
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Schematic diagram of PLC systems used to control batch weighing systems
PLC systems connected to weighing systems
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Type of manipulations
• Manipulation of weighing systems could de done: – Mechanical – Electronical – Breaking seals – Through PLC systems “bypass” seals in or at
weighing systems
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Examples of manipulating belt weighing systems
• Preventing “free movement” of the weighing bridge – Ex: Wooden wedges, piece of plastic, broomstick
• Interfering with Zero-point settings
– Setting new “negative” zero–tare with load on
• Disconnecting the belt weighing systems “stop function” – The belt weighing system can run without any register
of fish passing the weighing bridge (used as ordinary conveyer belt)
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Example of manipulation 1
Wooden wedges
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Example of manipulation 2
Piece of plastic
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Example of manipulation 3
Use of broomstick
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Wiring Closet
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Different types of seals
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
INTERNET
PLC system
Manipulation through PLC systems
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Consequences of manipulating the weighing systems
• Weighing systems are used to “laundry” fish – The registered quantities are less than the
quantities that actually pass the weighing system – Violation of fisheries, tax and custom regulations – Violation of OIML recommendations
• Manipulation of weighing systems are wilful economic crime (fraud), including environmental crime
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
How to approach this challenge in operative
work?
• When manipulation of weighing systems are discovered – “freeze” the situation if you have the legal authority – Secure technical evidence – Photos/videos
• Approach as crime technicians
– Crime scene – Huge variety of evidence/“silent witnesses” – Complicated and time consuming to investigate
• Skilled personnel is strongly needed
Marine life – our common responsibility www.fiskeridir.no
Thank you for your attention!! Questions??
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