View
221
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Making the Virtualization Decision
Agenda
• The Virtualization Umbrella
• Server Virtualization Architectures
• The Players
• Getting Started
What is Virtualization?
The act of abstracting the physical
boundaries of a technology.
Server Virtualizatio
nClustering
Network Virtualizatio
nStorage
Virtualization
The Virtualization Umbrella
Network Virtualization
Emerging Technology
Cisco (Network-Based)• The efficient utilization of network resources
through logical segmentation of a single physical network.
• Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)
• Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF)
• Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPNs
• Single Physical Network -- multiple closed logical groups
Network Virtualization
Sun Crossbow (Host-Based)
• Physical NIC divided into multiple virtual NICs
• Bandwidth resource control and virtualization
included in the network stack
• Bandwidth and priority dynamically assigned to
services (FTP, SMB, etc) or Virtual Machines
Storage Virtualization
Host-Based• RAID
Network-Based• In-band
Virtualization appliance resides directly in the data path
Commonly associated with SANs
• Cisco, IBM, EMC, Pillar
• Out-of-band
Virtualization appliance resides outside of the data path
• DFS, Global Namespace
In-band Virtualization
• Physical storage resources translated into
virtual resources
• Replication
• Data
Management
• Combined with server
virtualization
Production LAN
SRV1 SRV2 SRV3
Disk Array
FC Switch
SANDisk Array Disk Array
Virtualization ApplianceVirtualization Appliance
Distributed File Systems
Abstract the physical storage location from
the data path
DFS RootPublic
Marketing
Engineering
Sales
\\mercury\sales
\\venus\engineering
\\mars\marketing
Clustering
Applications run within virtual servers that
reside on one or more physical host systems.
Common Implementations:
• Failover Clusters
• Load Balanced Clusters
• Shared Data Clusters
Failover Clustering
Physical Node Physical
Node
Shared Storage
Switch(to public LAN)
Virtual Server
Server Virtualization
Host systems, such as servers are virtualized
Servers run as virtual machines
Virtual MachinesVM = Independent OS running on top of another OS
Host = System running the Virtualization software
Run several logical servers on one physical system• Decommission older, slower systems• Supports server consolidation
Managed exactly the same as physical systems
Emulates all system hardware• AMD and Intel are changing this
Why Virtualize?
Consolidate Physical Resources• Logical resources may remain the same!
Reduce Power Consumption
Streamline System Recovery
Optimize Resource Utilization
Testing and Development
Training
Server Virtualization Architectures
Host-Based Server Virtualization
• Commonly known as “Server Virtualization”
• VMware, Microsoft, Xen
OS Virtualization
• Swsoft Virtuozzo, Solaris Containers
Host-Based Server Virtualization
Virtual Machine Monitor
• Coordinates physical
hardware access between
VMs
Host OS/Hypervisor
• Communicates with VMM
• Runs server virtualization
application
Virtual Machine Monitor
Emulated Hardware
Host OS/Hypervisor
Device Drivers
System Hardware
Virtual Machine
Guest OSDevice Drivers
VM Components
• Virtual Hardware
• Includes RAM, CPU, motherboard and network
cards
• Virtual Storage
• Mapped to physical resource or exist
as virtual disk file
.vmx = configuration
.vmdk = virtual hard disk
Virtual Machine 2VM2.vmxSCSI0-0.vmdkSCSI0-1.vmdk
Virtual Machine 1Virtual Machine 1
Virtual Machine 2VM2.vmx
SCSI0-0.vmdkSCSI0-1.vmdk
Host-Based Architectures
• Full Virtualization• Everything emulated• Fully portable VMs• Large hit on network, disk I/O, added CPU overhead
• Paravirtualization• OS kernel modified to make it hypervisor-aware• Solves problem of CPU overhead
• Hardware-assisted Virtualization• Fueled by AMD and Intel• System hardware is aware of virtualization hypervisor
OS Virtualization
• Isolation provided at the process level
• OS caps placed on individual processes
and system resources
• Each instance is a “Virtual Environment”
(AKA Virtual Private Server or Container)
• No added OS overhead
(Memory, Disk per VM)
• No emulation = No I/O overhead
• Excellent track record in web serving
• Limited OS support, all VEs on 1 box must use the same OS
Virtual MachinesOS Virtualization Layer
Isolation Logic
Host OS
Device Drivers
System Hardware
Virtual Environment
Installed Applications
• VMware
• ESX Server, Virtual Infrastructure 3
• VMware Server
• Microsoft
• Windows Server Virtualization Service (coming in
Windows Server 2008)
• Virtual Server 2005
• Xen
• XenSource, Virtual Iron,
Novell, Red Hat
The Players -- Server Virtualization
The Players – OS Virtualization
• SWsoft• Virtuozzo
• Linux, Windows
• Sun• Solaris Containers
• HP• Virtual Server Environment (VSE)
• IBM• Virtual Partition Manager
Benefits• Power and Hardware Savings
• Logical Resource Consolidation
• Fewer physical boxes, same or more logical resources
• Potential for more single points of failure
• Server Portability
• Host hardware may not matter
• Limitations on pass-through device
access needed to ensure portability
• Application Failover
• Apps that do not natively support
clustering can failover as part of a VM
Challenges
• Server Selection
• Management
• Performance
• Network & Storage Integration
• Backup Complexity
Eliminating Servers
“I want to consolidate 15 to 1!”
“Let’s put the servers that start with A-G on
this box, H-S on this box…”
Management
• Centralized management, monitoring
• VM sprawl
• Centralized hypervisor management
• Still an OS… still needs updates!
• IHVs is developing tools to centrally manage
multiple different server virtualized Apps.
Performance
• Vastly improved with Hardware-assisted or
paravirtualization
• Consolidation introduces
potential for more bottlenecks• Host disk
• Host network
• Vendors improving this• Improvements from Intel and AMD
• Paravirtualized or synthetic device drivers
Network and Storage Integration
• Existing devices may not be supported
• Varies by vendor
• Some products don’t have ability to add third party
drivers
• Disk bottlenecks easy possibility
• Virtual switch management
• 802.1Q support?
• Who owns it?
Backup Complexity
• Host backup required for VM configuration files
• VM Backup• Agent based is still the safest
• Centralized backup on the rise
VMware VCB
Microsoft Shadow Copies
Limitations on both OS/application
• May not be enough host I/O (disk, network) to
support previous backup window
To Virtualize or Not To Virtualize
Many choices for many problems
• Storage
• Network
• Server
• Host
Virtualizing StorageMore efficient utilization of storage resources
Simplifies administration
Provides additional methods for data protection
Better Server virtualization flexibility
Considerations:• Integration with existing hardware platforms and operating
systems
• Integration with existing data protection/backup products
Virtualizing Servers
Average server 10-15% CPU utilization
Consolidating to VMs on few servers = Better
efficiency & less space
Client workstation provisioning
• VMware ACE
• Secure VPN-connected workstations
Summary
• Over Plan
• Ensure Infrastructure Compatibility
• Storage/SAN
• Network
• OS/application
• Backup
• Start Slow
• For mission critical applications, VM failover support is key
Questions?
Andrew Kutz
akutz@burtongroup.com
Recommended