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08/11/07 – REV. 2
AGENDA
STMicroelectronics overview
AC-DC conversion
VIPer and Altair families
Power factor correction (drivers, MOSFET and
rectifiers)
HV PWM conversion (drivers, MOSFET and rectifiers,
synchronous rectification)
DC-DC conversion
2
5
ST – a culture of Sustainable Excellence
Environmental policy & Certifications
we have had a Corporate Environment Policy since 1993, which reflects a proactive attitude towards environmental protection
all 14 of our manufacturing sites are certified to the international environmental standard, ISO 14001 and have EMAS validation
Environmental objectives and the Environment, Health and Safety Decalogue
a set of ten targets created to help the company reduce its impact on the environment
Introduced in 1995, revised in 1999 and 2005
Visit: http://www.st.com/internet/com/about_st/Environment_Company.jsp
Our results* from
1994 to 2010
Electricity per unit:
-52.0%
Water per unit:
-73.3%
Chemicals
(2000-2010):
-45.7%
(*) Consumption per
unit of production
08/11/07 – REV. 2
ST: Power Discrete & Analog WW Ranking
6
Key product family Key target applications
HV Power MOSFETs Power supply, lighting, solar
Rectifiers Power management
ACS switches Home appliances
Protections & IPAD Mobiles, USB/HDMI
interfaces, wired data transfer
Source: iSuppli, ST
Power Discrete Ranking 2010
Power MOSFET (High Voltage) # 1
Protection & IPAD # 1
Thyristors / Triacs # 1
Rectifiers & power diodes # 3
*Ranking refers to total ST Analog ICs sales
Analog Ranking 2010
Analog ICs* # 2
Key product family Key target applications
Power management ICs Power supply, solar, lighting
Mixed signal ICs Mobiles, peripherals, portable medical
Battery management ICs Mobiles, PDAs, e-Books
LED driver ICs Street lighting, building, panel arrays
08/11/07 – REV. 2 7
Advanced Packaging & System-in-Package
3D Heterogeneous Integration/ TSV
Advanced BCD
New Materials:
SiC & GaN
Ultra Low Power
Technologies
Harvesting and Thin Film Batteries
Innovative Wire Bonding
Innovation in Power Technologies
08/11/07 – REV. 2 9
HV Monolithic Switchers
• VIPer20/A, 50/A, 100/A
• VIPer12A, VIPer22A, VIPer53/E
• VIPer17 / 27 / 28 / 16 / 26 / 15
• Altair05 / Altair04
PFC
Controllers
TM
• L6561
• L6562
•L6563S/H
•L6562A/T
•L6564
FF-CCM
•L4981A/B
PWM Controllers
PWM – FF
• UC384x, L5991/A
• SG3524, SG3525
• L6668
• L6591
QR
• L6565
• L6566A /B / BH
RESONANT
• L6598
• L6599A
Synchr. Rectifier Controllers
• STSR2P, STSR2PM
• STSR3, STSR30
• SRK2000
Load-share Controller
• L6615
CV/CC Controllers
• TSM101, 103W
• TSM1011,1012,1013,1014
• TSM1051, 1052
• SEA05
Supervisor/Housekeeping ICs
• TSM102,104W,106,107,109
• TSM111, 114,115
• L6610, L6611
• TL77XX
AC-DC conversion portfolio
08/11/07 – REV. 2
VIPer+ / Altair introduction:
new double chip approach
11
LOW
VOLTAGE
TECHNOLOGY
800V/900V
AVALANCHE
RUGGED
TECHNOLOGY
AC-DC converters up to 20W (as of today…) with integrated 800/900V mosfet for:
Home appliances / automation
Auxiliary SMPS in STB / PWM / HID lamp (including street-lighting)
LED lighting
Metering
Industrial AC-DC SMPS
08/11/07 – REV. 2 12
VIPer37
VIPer25
VIPer17 VIPer27
VIPer35 VIPer15
VIPer28 VIPer38
VIPer16 VIPer26
VIPer06
24 W SuperMESH
7 W SuperMESH
30 W SuperMESH
VIPer+ Converter Portfolio
VIPer50 VIPer22
VIPer20 VIPer12
800 V
Av.Rug.
18 W 30 W 5.5 W 730V
620V
1 W (3)
6W(1) / 12W(2) 12W(1) / 24W(2) 4W(1) / 8W(2) 15W(1) / 30W(2)
CTRL
VIPer x7
CTRL
VIPer x8
CTRL
VIPer x5
CTRL
VIPer x6
(1) Open frame, VIN = 85 - 264VAC ,
(2) Open frame, VIN = 230VAC ±20%,
(3) Achievable consumption at no load with Vin 264VAC
4.5 W SuperMESH III
SSO10 & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SO16N & DIP7 SDIP10
Product not available under development, SOP planned within 2011
30 mW(3)
30 mW(3)
30 mW(3)
30 mW(3)
08/11/07 – REV. 2 13
Brown out
Over Load Delay
PWM operations with settable IDLIM
Over Voltage
Over
Temperature
shut down
No auxiliary
Quasi Resonant Fixed Frequency (60 or 115kHz) with
Jittering
Simplified
Non Isolated
loop
2° OCP
Feedback
disconnection
Extra Power
Timer
Burst Mode
Soft start
VIPer x7 VIPer x8
Brown out
VIPer x5 VIPer x6 Basic features
Auto restart
Auto restart
(fixed time)
Main features
800V
Avalanche Rugged
Fixed Frequency (301 or 60 or 115kHz)
with Jittering
Latched a
Feedback
disconnection (option only for VIPer06)
Latched OVP (option for VIPer25LLD)
(1) 30kHz available only for VIPer06
08/11/07 – REV. 2 14
VIPer37
VIPer25
VIPer17 VIPer27
VIPer35 VIPer15
VIPer28 VIPer38
VIPer16 VIPer26 VIPer06
SMPS topology and main applications
High features - Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
Quasi Resonant - Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
Peak Power Isolated Fly-back DVD, Printer, ATX
Basic features – Isolated Fly-back Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
Non Isolated converters Home appliances, Small appliances, Lighting, Power
meter
DIP7
SO16N
DIP7
SO16N
DIP7
SSO10
SDIP10
1W……. …….15W(1) / 30W(2)
08/11/07 – REV. 2 15
AN2864 STAND BY PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED WIDE
RANGE INPUT 5V/1A OUTPUT VIPER17L DEMO-BOARD
w/o Brown out feature
In case of Brown out feature is
implemented additional 10mW
must be considered
08/11/07 – REV. 2
16
AN2864 STAND BY PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED WIDE RANGE
INPUT 5V/1A OUTPUT VIPER17L DEMO-BOARD
Po [W] 1 2 3 4 5
Energy Star 2.0: /
EUP Efficiency [%] 0.56 0.61 0.64 0.66 0.68
According to Norm, efficiency has to be higher than:
Norm 0.68%
VIPer17L
Application
significantly
better than
required
by Norm
ST Efficiency
Margin
08/11/07 – REV. 2 17
AN2950 VIPer28: 5 V - 2 A/3.3A, 60 kHz isolated flyback with
extra power management
08/11/07 – REV. 2 18
AN2950 VIPer28: 5 V - 2 A/3.3A, 60 kHz isolated flyback with
extra power management
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Evaluation Boards and ANs
19
VIPer 17 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER17LN STEVAL-ISA058V1 Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2864 Stand-by PSU
VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA060V1 Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 6W 12V / 0.5A AN2753 Stand-by PSU
VIPER17HN EVLVIP17-5WCHG Isolated
Fly-back 90-265 5W 5V / 1A AN2840
Cell Phone
Battery Charger
VIPER17HN STEVAL-ILL017V1 Isolated
Fly-back 220 ±20% 3.5W 7V / 500mA AN2811 Led Driver
VIPER17HN STEVAL-ISA062V1 Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 5.5W
5V / 500mA
12V / 250mA AN2934 General Purpose
VIPER17HN EVLVIP27-7WLED Isolated
Fly-back 100-264 3.5W 10V / 350mA AN3212
High Power
Factor Led Driver
VIPer 27 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER27LN EVLVIP27L-12WS Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 12W 5V / 2.4A AN2929 Auxiliary PSU
VIPER27HN EVLVIP27H-12SB Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 11W 5V / 2.2A AN3011 Auxiliary PSU
VIPER27HN EVLVIP27-7WLED Isolated
Fly-back 100-264 7W 10V / 750mA AN3212
High Power
Factor Led Driver
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Evaluation Boards and ANs
20
VIPer 06 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER06LS
VIPER06HS Under development
Non isolated
Fly-back 85-265
12V / 300mA
option
( 5V /800mA)
TBD Home appliance
Under development Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 TBD TBD Home Appliance
VIPer 16 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA010V1 Non isolated
buck converter 85-500 1.8W
12V / 5V (post
reg.) / 150mA AN2872 Power Meter
VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-4WFN Non Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA
AN3028
draft Home appliance
VIPER16LN STEVAL-ISA071V1 Non Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 4W
- 5V / 400mA,
+7V / 160mA UM0920 Home appliance
VIPER16LN EVLVIP16L-5WFL Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 5W 12 / 350mA databrief
Home appliance
Auxilairy PSU
VIPER16LD EVLVIP16LD-1W5 Non Isolated
buck converter 85-265 1.8W
12V / 5V (post
reg.) / 150mA databrief
Small Home
Appliance
VIPER16HN EVLVIP16H-4WFN Non Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 4.5W 16V / 280mA databrief Home appliance
VIPer 26 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER26LD STEVAL-ISA081V1 Primary
Regulation
Fly-back
85-265 12.5W 12V, 3.3V / 1A UM0984 Home appliance
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Evaluation Boards and ANs
21
VIPer 15 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER15LN STEVALVIP15L-6W
Quasi-
Resonant
Isolated
Fly-back
90-265 VAC 6W 12V, 500mA AN3160
draft Auxiliary PSU
VIPER15LN EVLVIP15L-5WSB
Quasi-
Resonant
Isolated
Fly-back
90-265 VAC 5W 5V, 1A TBD Auxiliary PSU
VIPer 25 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER25LN EVLVIP25L-10WSB
Quasi-
Resonant
Isolated
Fly-back
85-265 VAC 10W 5V, 2A AN3286
draft
Auxiliary PSU
STB
Power Meter
VIPer 28 Order code Topology Input VAC Output Output Relevant AN Reference
VIPER28LN EVLVIPER28L-10W Isolated
Fly-back 85-265 VAC 12W 5V, 2.4A AN2950
Auxiliary PSU
Printer
08/11/07 – REV. 2 22
Application: home appliances / automation NEEDS
Low standby consumption required by new norms for Energy savings (EU community)
To provide 2 or 3 output voltages to supply:
microcontroller (3.3V / 5V) like STM32 / STM8
HV drivers e.g. L638x/L639x family (15V)
Relays (12-15V)
Topologies
Not isolated (common neutral to the output for triac/ACST driving)
MCU
Vip16
Vip26
P
N
Load
+12V
-5V (-3.3V)
Relay,
Half-bridge driver,
Display,
etc.
( motors, resistive heaters,
light bulbs/ballasts,...)
+15V
Va
c IG
LOAD
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
+VDD
VSS
Negative supply
(NPN buffer)
SELLING POINTS: STANDBY LOWER THAN 100mW, LOWER BOM TANKS TO THE INTEGRATED OP-
AMP, 800V MOSFET (=RELIABILITY)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
STEVAL-ISA071V1 - description
-5 / +7 V non-isolated flyback
Non isolated flyback topology
Common Neutral (output GND)
Input voltage range 85 – 265VAC
Output voltages -5V and 7V (12V refer to -5V)
Output power – 4W (for full range) 6W for EU range
Conductive EMI EN55022 Class B
Stand by below 50mW at 230VAC
Typical Applications: Home Appliances Home/building automation Lighting
Documentation: UM0920 – “4W non-isolated, wide input-voltage range
SMPS demonstration board based on the VIPer16”
Board Purpose: It addresses customers working on applications using direct triac control and relays. This method required an negative supply of MCU. This SMPS provides also additional auxiliary supply (12V refer to -5V) for
additional parts in application.
Key Product: VIPer16L STTH1L06 STPS1H100 STPS1L60
08/11/07 – REV. 2
STEVAL-ISA081V1 - description
12V Isolated Flyback – Primary Regulation
• Isolated Flyback Converter
• Input: 85 ~ 305 Vrms
• Output Nominal:
• 12 VDC ± 10%, 1A
• 3.3 VDC ± 4% , 100mA
• Output voltage settable in the range 10V – 18V/12W
• Maximum output power 12W
• Standby power (no load) <150mW
• Primary regulation
• EMI: according to EN55022 Class B
Typical Applications: Home Appliances Home/building automation Lighting Consumer Metering
Documentation:
UM0984 – “STEVAL-ISA081V1 demonstration board based on a 12 V / 1 A
isolated flyback
Board Purpose: General auxiliary power supply. Low cost solution (thanks primary regulation) allows to set output voltage in range 10 – 18V at output power 12W.
Key Product: VIPer26L STTH1L06 STPS2H100 STPS5L60 L78L33
08/11/07 – REV. 2 25
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
Main Features
Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS Power MOSFET
(SuperMESH)
CONTROLLER
(BCD6S)
Break down voltage [V] 800
RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7 / 4.5
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23
FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115
Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740 / 1050
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50
POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 6 / 12 / 15
(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu
(2) Open Frame
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.
Adjustable current limit, IDlim
Fixed Frequency with Jittering
High performance for stand-by & efficiency
Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP
Automatic auto restart after fault
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable
Pin description
* BR pin has the position 10 for VIPER17LD/HD (SO16N package)
*
GND
controller ground / power MOSFET Source
VDD
controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
CONT
OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.
FB
current loop feedback
BR
brown out set-up
N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
N.C.
Not Connected
*
08/11/07 – REV. 2 26
VIPer28
Main Features
Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS Power MOSFET
(SuperMESH)
CONTROLLER
(BCD6S)
Break down voltage [V] 800
RDSon [Ohm] 7
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23
FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115
Max IDlim [mA] 850
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50
POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 12
(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu
(2) Open Frame
GND
controller ground / power MOSFET Source
VDD
controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
COMP
OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.
FB
current loop feedback
EPT
Extra Power Time set-up
N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
N.C.
Not Connected
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.
Adjustable current limit, IDlim
Fixed Frequency with Jittering
High performance for stand-by & efficiency
Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP
Automatic auto restart after fault
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Extra Power Management
Pin description
08/11/07 – REV. 2 27
VIPer06 / 16 /26
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
PWM controller with drain current limit IDlim
Adjustable current limit,IDlim
Fixed frequency with Jittering
high performance for stand-by & efficiency
No need of auxiliary winding
Automatic auto restart after faults
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Direct feedback for non isolated SMPS
Replacement of capacitive power supply
Open loop protection
Main Features
Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS
Power MOSFET
(SuperMESH)
CONTROLLER
(BCD6S)
Break down voltage [V] 800
RDSon [Ohm] 30 /24 / 7
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23
FOSC [KHz] 30 or 60 or 115
Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80
POUT [W] @ 85-265 VAC 4 / 6 / 12
(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu
(2) Open Frame
GND
controller ground / power MOSFET Source
VDD
controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
LIM
Current limit set-up, IDlim .
FB
direct voltage feedback (in case of non isolated SMPS)
COMP
Compensation network.
Current loop feedback in case of isolated SMPS
N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
N.C.
Not Connected
Pin description
08/11/07 – REV. 2 28
VIPer15 / 25
Main Features Pin description
Main parameters MAIN PARAMETERS
Power MOSFET
(SuperMESH)
CONTROLLER
(BCD6S)
Break down voltage [V] 800
RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23
FOSClim [KHz] up to 150 (L type)
up to 225 (H type)
Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80
POUT [W] @ 85-26 VAC 6 / 12
(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu
(2) Open Frame
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
Quasi-Resonant PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.
Adjustable current limit, IDlim
Feed-Forward compensation
High performance for stand-by & efficiency
Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP
Automatic auto restart after fault
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable
GND
controller ground / power MOSFET Source
VDD
controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
ZCD
Zero Current Detection, Feed-Forward set-up, OVP set-up, IDlim set point.
FB
Current loop feedback
BR
Brown out set-up
N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
N.C.
Not Connected
08/11/07 – REV. 2 29
C6
R4
R2
+ C1
C3 C4
R3
+ C5
D3 L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
+ C2
R1
Controller
T1
GND
VOUT
+
-
Schematics with VIPerx6
FLY-BACK / Fixed Freq.
NON ISOLATED
Simplified feedback loop R3, R4
No Need auxiliary winding C4
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
30
C6
R4
R2
+ C1
C3 C4
R3
+ C5
D3 L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
+ C2
R1
Controller
T1
GND
VOUT
+
-
FLY-BACK / FF
NON ISOLATED
Simplified feedback loop R3, R4
No Need auxiliary winding C4
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart) RLIM
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
31
Stand-by optimization , 30 mW D4, R5
VOUT ≥ 12 V
FLY-BACK / FF
NON ISOLATED
Simplified feedback loop R3, R4
No Need auxiliary winding C4
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
C6
R4
R2
+ C1
C3 C4
R3
+ C5
D3 L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
+ C2
R1
Controller
T1
GND
VOUT
+
-
D4
R5
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
Feedback disconnection
(automatic restart)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
C6
R4
R2
+ C1
C3 C4
R3
+ C5
D3
L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
GND
+ C2
R1
AC IN VOUT
Controller
T1
D4
R5
+
-
VOUT < 12 V
FLY-BACK / FF
NON ISOLATED
Simplified feedback loop R3, R4
Need auxiliary winding C4 + AUX
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
Stand-by optimization , 30 mW D4, R5
Feedback disconnection
(automatic restart)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
C6
R4
R2
+ C1
C3 C4
R3
+ C5
D3
L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
GND
+ C2
R1
AC IN VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R5
+
-
Feedback disconnection
(automatic restart)
No need the optocoupler
FLY-BACK / FF
PRIMARY REGULATION
Simplified feedback loop R3, R4
Need auxiliary winding C4 + AUX
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
Stand-by optimization , 30 mW D4, R5
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
34
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
+ C1
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
GND
+ C2
R1
AC IN VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
+
-
R5
C6
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED
Minimum components count
No Need auxiliary winding C4
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx6
35
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
+ C1
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
L1
FB
DRAIN
GND VDD COMP LIM
VIPER x6
D2
D1
GND
+ C2
R1
AC IN VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
+
-
R5
C6
Feedback disconnection
(automatic restart)
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED
Minimum components count
Auxiliary winding C4 + AUX
Low cost EMI filter C1, C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,D2,C6
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA
Short circuit protection
(automatic restart)
VIPer06 / 16 / 26
Stand-by optimization , 30 mW AUX + D4, R5
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx7
36
30mW Stand-by
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR CONT
VIPER x7
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
NTC
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx7
37
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
30mW Stand-by
RLIM
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR CONT
VIPER x7
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
NTC
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED VIPer17 / 27 / 37
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx7
38
Over Voltage Protection (VOUT) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
30mW Stand-by
RLIM
ROVP
DOVP
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR CONT
VIPER x7
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
NTC
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED VIPer17 / 27 / 37
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx7
39
Brown out set-up (VINDC) R7,R8, C6
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
30mW Stand-by
C6
R8
R7
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR CONT
VIPER x7
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
NTC
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED VIPer17 / 27 / 37
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx7
40
Over Voltage Protection (VOUT) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Current limit set-up - RLIM <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
Brown out set-up (VINDC) R7,R8, C6
30mW Stand-by
RLIM
ROVP
DOVP
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR CONT
VIPER x7
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
R7
R8
C6
NTC
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED VIPer17 / 27 / 37
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPerx8
41
Extra Power Timer CEPT
FLY-BACK / FF
ISOLATED
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Default current limit 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
30mW Stand-by
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB EPT CONT
VIPER x8
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
CEPT
NTC
VIPer28
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Schematics with VIPer x5
42
Feed-Forward RFF
Over Voltage Protection (VOUT) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP
FLY-BACK / Quasi Res.
ISOLATED
Minimum components count
Low cost EMI filter C1,C2, L1
Low cost clamp components R2,C6,D2
Short circuit protection No need ext components
2nd Over Current protection No need ext components
Current limit set-up - RLIM ≤400mA or ≤700mA or ≤1000mA
Zero current Detection (QR) RLIM , ROVP , DOVP, RFF
30mW Stand-by
IC3
R4
R4
IC2
C7
R3
C6 R2
C3
C4
+ C5
D3
VDD
DRAIN
GND FB BR ZCD
VIPER x5
D2
GND
VOUT
Controller
T1
D4 R6
R5
C6
RLIM
DOVP
ROVP RFF
+ C1
L1
+ C2 AC IN
F
NTC
VIPer15 / 25
08/11/07 – REV. 2 43
Let’s make it simple: All Control from Primary Side
PWMCONTROLLER
CC-CVREGULATOR
Vout
GND
Vin
PWMCONTROLLER
Vin Vout
GNDALTAIR
STANDARD : VIPer OPTO-LESS : ALTAIR
No opto because control is all
done from primary side !
• Need dedicated CV-CC controller
• Need optocoupler
• Need sense resistor
Power dissipation on sense resistor
Sense
resistor
Optocoupler
• No CC-CV controller
• No optocoupler
• No sense resistor
No dissipation on sense resistor
Battery charge or LED drive requires Control of
CC (constant current) and CV (constant voltage)
08/11/07 – REV. 2 44
Product description – Altair family
ALTAIR
Altair04-900 and Altair05T-800 are suitable for
SMPS for energy metering / energy monitoring (HBA)
Auxiliary power supplies for 3-phases input industrial systems
AC-DC adapters requiring a precise current and/or voltage
regulation (including home appliances)
AC-DC chargers for mobile phones and other hand-held
equipments
PERFORMING PRIMARY CONTROL WITHOUT NEED OF
OPTOCOUPLER IN STANDARD ISOLATED QR FLYBACK
CONFIGURATION
FOR OUTPUT POWER BELOW 10W
45
When to use ALTAIR vs VIPer?
Switching AC-DC up to 5W * ( * in Wide Range AC input)
Not isolated flyback / buck Isolated
4W max & Need
for 900V MOS (Metering, 3ph
Auxiliary SMPS)
Fixed Frequency
Better Efficiency
Quasi-Resonant
Embedded Constant
Current control
(Charger, LED driver*)
VIPer16
ALTAIR04-900
VIPer17
No Optocoupler
(Cost, Reliability)
ALTAIR05-800 *HVLED805
VIPER15
Otherwise
* LED Retrofit version
08/11/07 – REV. 2 46
A small change for a big advantage
Reduced BOM
& No Optocoupler !
Optocoupler replaced
by auxiliary winding for • Current Sensing
• Voltage Sensing
• IC Supply Typical Application Schematic
08/11/07 – REV. 2 47
More explanations
Constant Current / Constant Voltage
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
140Vdc
374Vdc
VO
UT
IOUT
90 Vac
265 Vac
5%
5%
Vout is set by
number of turns on
secondary and
auxiliary windings,
and Rfb
Iout is set by
transformer’s ratio
and Rsense
The number of
LEDs and their
current determine
the transformers’
calculation.
08/11/07 – REV. 2 48
Compatibility with 3-ph mains voltage, either functional (the SMPS has to work connected to a 3ph line)
or surviving (wrong connection, P to P instead of P to N)
To provide output voltages to supply:
microcontroller (3.3V) like STM32
PLM like ST75xx family (up to e.g. 13V / 0.7Arms) or GPRS/ GSM modem (e.g. 13V / 300mA)
Metrology AFE, like STPMxx family (5mA at 3.5V / phase)
High efficiency at low load (between 10 and 20% of nom.) as the AMR lays in this condition for the
majority of the time. More than 95% of the time the communication is in Receiving mode where the
consumption is low. E. g. PLC is 150mW in receiving mode and > 7W in Tx mode.
SELLING POINTS:
• (800/) 900V MOSFET RELIABILITY + BOM REDUCTION + COMPLIANCY WITH
SYSTEM SPECS
• COMPACTNESS
• EXTREMELY LOW COST (NO NEED OF OPTO)
• Altair04 more suitable
Metering / energy monitoring:
market needs
08/11/07 – REV. 2
EVLALTAIR05T-5W and EVLALTAIR900-M1
Typical Applications:
Electricity meter Industrial control
Documentation: AN3093 - ALTAIR05T-800 5 W wide range CV-CC optoless adapter demonstration board (soon to be published)
AN3290 - Double Output SMPS for Power Line Modem Applications using ALTAIR04-900 Primary Controller (soon to be published)
Board Purpose: Product evaluation
Key Products:
Altair04-900
Altair05T-800
STTH108, STPS1L60A, STPS1150,
STTH1L06, STPS3L400F
Input voltage range (VIN) 90 - 265 VAC / 50-60Hz
Maximum (rated) output power 5W (5 V ± 5% / 1 A)
Minimum switching frequency in normal mode 70 kHz
Target average efficiency (at POUT = 5 W, VIN = 90 - 264 VAC) > 70%
Maximum input power in standby < 100 mW
EVLALTAIR05T-5W
EVLALTAIR900-M1
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Adaptation to ultra-wide range operation
The EVLALTAIR900-M1 was designed to work with input voltage up 265VAC.
It is possible to modify it according to below indications to extend the input working operating range
up to 440VAC
Std 265VAC input
Extended 440VAC input
08/11/07 – REV. 2
VIPerPlus in “eDesign Studio”
51
“eDesign studio” (www.st.com/edesignstudio) supports the design of Viper*6,
Viper*7 and Viper28 providing:
BOM
Stability diagram
Efficiency and standby
Waveform and thermal simulator
in flyback and buck topologies
for SMPS and LED drivers
A project created can be exported and
worked by another PC
(ST to customer as proposal,
customer to ST for checking)
Viper*5 family will be added to the eDesign studio by the end of 2011
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Power factor correction – why and when
A high Power Factor (~1) leads to an energy saving and more efficient power
utilization.
Reduce the copper area of distribution power wires.
Cost reduction in downstream converter and removal of HV input ELCAP.
EC61000-3-2 compliant
Equipments are divided up in 4 classes:
A: Balanced three-phase equipment and that not included in the other classes
B: Portable equipment
C: Lighting equipment with input active power >25W
D: Consumer equipment with input active power >75W and ≤600W.
08/11/07 – REV. 2 54
IL
IAC
ON MOSFET
OFF
"CCM" type IL
IAC
ON MOSFET
OFF
"TM" type
Continuous conduction mode = IL
never falls to zero
Fixed frequency, duty cycle
modulation
Average current mode control,
complexity, high performance,
higher cost.
Suitable for higher power levels
Operation on the boundary between
continuous and discontinuous
conduction mode, @ZVS
Variable switching frequency,
constant TON
Peak current mode control, simple,
low-cost.
Suitable for lower power levels
Power factor correction standard methods
08/11/07 – REV. 2
PFC control method: fixed-off-time (FOT)
55
TURN-OFF PWM COMPARATOR (current peak)
TURN-ON INDUCTOR DEMAGNETIZATION (Aux. winding or RC on the drain)
TURN-ON
TURN-OFF
R-C NETWORK DISCHARGING
CONSTANT TOFF
TYPICAL QR CONTROL
TRANSITION MODE (boundary between DCM and CCM)
ON
OFFSwitch
DCM DCM
CCM
PWM COMPARATOR (current peak)
Benefits:
High efficiency (>92%)
Simple and cheap control (using L656* family)
Reduced part count compared to CCM fixed frequency
08/11/07 – REV. 2 56
C
C
M
L6561 TM PFC
8pin OVP stat./dyn.
L6562 IMPROVED
TM PFC
L6561 pin-to-pin
Improved THD
Extended supply range
Powerful gate driver
L6563/S ADVANCED
TM PFC
TBO
FDBK disconnection
Brownout
Reduced consumption
PWM interface
Input volt. Feedforward
L4981A/B AVG CURRENT
MODE PFC
Input voltage Feed-forward
Load Feed-forward
Progr. Turn-On Threshold
OVP & Over-current Protection
L6562A TM PFC
L6562 enhanced
Lower CS threshold
New gate driver
Higher efficiency at
light load
L6563/H High voltage
start-up
T
M
L6564 TM PFC
L6562A enhanced
Input volt. Feedforward
PWM interface
STM PFC portfolio
08/11/07 – REV. 2 57
APPLICATIONS:
PFC PRE-REGULATORS FOR:
• ELECTRONIC BALLAST
• EC61000-3-2 COMPLIANT SMPS (FLAT-TV, DESKTOP PC,
MONITOR, GAMES)
• HI-END AC-DC ADAPTER/CHARGER
• LED POWER SUPPLIES
• Precise Internal Reference
(1% @25°C)
• 1.1V Current Sense threshold
• DIGITAL Leading-edge blanking on
Current Sense
• Disable function on FB input
• Ultra Low Start-up Current (<60µA)
• Low Quiescent Current (2.5mA typ.)
• ZCD input for TM
• Two-level OVP Protection
• THD optimizer circuit
• Extended supply voltage range
• -600 / +800mA totem pole gate driver
with pull-down and voltage clamp
• Package: DIP-8/SO-8
TRANSITION MODE PFC
CONTROLLER
VREF2
OVERVOLTAGE
DETECTION
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
UVLO
INTERNAL
SUPPLY BUS
+
-
= 2.5V
-
+
+-
STARTER
+
-
ZERO CURRENT
DETECTOR1.4 V
0.7 V
VCC
8
1 2 3 4
ZCD
VCC
INV COMP MULT CS
GD7
5
GND6
25 V
Starter
stop
LEADING-EDGE
BLANKING
DIS
LOWER & UPPER
CLAMPS
DIS -
+0.45 V
0.2 V
DYN
OVPSTAT
OVP
MULTIPLIER AND
THD OPTIMIZER
R
SQ DRIVER
& CLAMP
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
PWM
COMPARATOR
1 V
VREF
L6562A – features and block diagram
08/11/07 – REV. 2 58
L6563
L6562A
INV
COMP
MULT
CS
VFF
TBO
PFC_OK
Vcc
GD
GND
ZCD
RUN
PWM_STOP
PWM_LATCH
INV
COMP
MULT
CS
Vcc
GD
GND
ZCD
L6564
10 pin TM PFC
L6563S
14 pin TM PFC
( L6563 enhancement)
L6563H
16 pin TM PFC
With H.V. Start-up
L656x family development
Power factor correction - controller
400VDC
Output power >200W
L4981 in CCM
L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in fixed-off-time
L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in ripple-steering
Output power <150W – 200W
L6562A / 3S / 3H / 4 in transition mode
Power factor
controller
100W 80W
400W 3KW
SPEADSHEETS AVAILABLE
Power factor correction – mosfet and diode
400VDC
MOSFET (>500V breakdown)
High power (>1kW) MDMesh5
e.g. STP42N65M5 for ~2KW
Medium power (100W to 1KW) MDMesh2
e.g. STx25NM50M for ~400W
Lower power (<100W) SuperMesh3
e.g. STx10N62K3 for ~60-70W
Power factor
controller
RECTIFIER (600V reverse voltage)
SiC (Silicon Carbide) STPSCxx06
Turbo 2 STTHxxR06
Tandem diode STTH806DTI
SiC = $$, high efficiency
STD = $, lower efficiency
The reverse recovery charge
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Available Tools – L6562A
61
DATASHEETs: AVAILABLE ON THE WEB http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/13198/l6562a.pdf http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/15310/l6562at.pdf
APPLICATION NOTES:
AN2761 : Solution for designing a 80W TM PFC using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14690.pdf AN2782 :Solution for designing a 400W FOT PFC using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14763.pdf AN2755 : 400W FOT-controlled PFC pre-regulator with the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14663.pdf AN2711 : 15W Off Line TRIAC Dimmable LED Driver http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/14425.pdf AN2838 : 35W Wide range high PF Fly-back converter using the L6562A http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/15099.pdf
DEMO BOARDS:
EVL6562A-TM-80W http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/13799/evl6562a-tm-80w.pdf EVL6562A-400W http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/bd/14416.pdf EVL6562A-35WFLB http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/anp/15099.pdf
SOFTWARE TOOLS:
DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6562A (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A%20PFC_TM_release%201.3.xls DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6562A (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562A%20FOT%20release%201.4.xls DESIGNING A FLY BACK PFC USING THE L6562A ( AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6562ATL431Flyrelease20.xls
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Available Tools
62
APPLICATION NOTES:
AN3009 : HOW TO DESIGN A TRANSITION MODE PFC REGULATOR USING THE L6564
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16032.pdf
AN3112: SOLUTION FOR DESIGNING A FIXED OFF TIME CONTROLLED PFC PREREGULATOR WITH THE L6564
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16820.pdf
SOFTWARE TOOLS:
DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6564 (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST)
http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6564TMPFC_release20.xls
DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6564 (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST)
http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-line_power_supply/software/L6564FOTrelease20.xls
L6564 L6563S L6563H
APPLICATION NOTES:
AN3027 : HOW TO DESIGN A TRANSITION MODE PFC REGULATOR WITH THE L6563S AND L6563H
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16134.pdf
AN3142: SOLUTION FOR DESIGNING A FIXED OFF TIME CONTROLLED PFC PREREGULATOR WITH THE L6563S AND L6563H
SOFTWARE TOOLS:
DESIGNING A TM PFC USING THE L6563S (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/off-
line_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_TMPFC_release30.xls
DESIGNING A FOT PFC USING THE L6563S (AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST) http://ims.st.com/pub/documents/ipc/offline_power_supply/software/L6563S_H_FOTrelease
30.xls
DEMO BOARDS:
EVL6563H-100W ( AN3063 )
EVL6563H-250W ( AN3118 )
EVL90WADP-LLCSR ( AN3014 )
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16064.pdf
EVL6599A-90WADP ( AN3172 )
EVL6563H-FOT-650W ( coming soon – week 40 – Schematic available )
DEMO BOARDS:
EVL6563S-100W ( AN3065)
EVL6563S-200ZRC (AN3180) Zero Ripple Input Current
EVL6563S-250W ( AN3119)
EVL6563S-400W ( AN2994 )
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/15796.pdf
EVL6563S-FOT-650W (COMING SOON – WEEK 40 – Schematic available)
DEMO BOARDS:
EVL6564-100W ( AN3022 )
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/an/16106.pdf
08/11/07 – REV. 2
30 dB differential-mode attenuation achievable (150 kHz ÷ 2-3 MHz)
Differential-mode chokes & Cx caps minimized or even removed (so are related losses)
Allows usage of TM operation at higher power levels
No change as far as control is concerned
Ripple-steering
Vout
Vin
L
M
D
Cs
Vin
I in (t)
I ac (t)
GD
GD
ZERO RIPPLE CURRENT
To reduce the high input ripple current (typ. of transition-mode-operated PFC) requiring a large differential mode (DM) line
filter to meet EMI requirements..
PFC control method: ripple-steering NEW
200W ZRC Boost PFC Pre-reg
• 88 to 264 Vac input, 400 V / 0.5 A output
• TM-operated boost converter (L6563S)
• EN61000-3-2 and JEITA-MITI compliant
• EN55022 Class B Conducted EMI compliant
• Total Cx capacitance >3 times smaller
ZRC TM boost PFC pre-regulator
Order code: EVL6563S-200ZRC
Doc: AN3180 A 200W ripple-free input current PFC pre-
regulator with the L6563S
NEW
3 kW CCM PFC Pre-regulator
• 180 to 264 Vac input, 400 V / 7.5 A output
• FOT-operated boost converter (L6563)
• EN61000-3-2 compliant
• EN55022 Class B Conducted EMI compliant
• Fixed-off-time (FOT) control
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
95
96
97
98
99
100
175 195 215 235 255 275
Pout = 3 kW
Pout = 1.5 kW
Pout = 300 W
Pout = 150 W
Vin [Vrms]
h
FOT-CCM boost PFC pre-regulator
Order code: STEVAL-ISF001V1
Doc: AN2951 3 kW fixed-off-time (FOT) power factor correction
NEW
High power factor flyback
APPLICATION
Voltage/current controlled single
stage SMPS with PFC correction
LED SMPS (single-multi strings)
up to 60/70W (EU Mains)
…spreadsheet available
L656x
67
POSITIONING
700mA LED STRING DRIVER APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE
ISOLATION
HIGH POWER FACTOR
COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION
Insulated Single Stage conversion
PF greater than 0.9
NO electrolytic input capacitor
NO electrolytic output capacitor if its value allows the use of ceramics
It works with a string of LED generating at least 30V drop
Isolated High PF AC/DC LEDs Driver up to 35W in
input wide range
69
Fixed frequency PWM
Summary of topologies
PWM controller Resonant
PWM controller
FF or Quasi-resonant (typically not above 100W)
PWM controller
70
L6565 Q-Resonant
Controller
L6566A/B PWM & Q-Res
Controller
L5991/A Advanced PWM
Controller
L6668 Smart Primary
PWM Controller
L6591 ZVS HB
PWM Controller
700V start-up PFC interface Burst-mode Improved Stand-by
600V Level-shifter 700V start-up PFC interface Brownout
Selectable Q-Res or PWM 700V Start-up PWM with frequency mod. Supporting single stage
PFC
100W – 700W
Up to 90W
L6599A Advanced HV
Resonant Controller 600V Level-shifter Bootstrap Diode PFC interface Burst-mode Brownout
100W – 700W
90W – 400W
Up to 90W
Po
we
r
L6598 HV Resonant
Controller 600V Level-shifter Bootstrap Diode
UC384xB Standard PWM
Primary converter portfolio
71
Summary of topologies
Quasi-resonant (L6566) Resonant (L6599A)
Fixed freq. pwm (L6591) multimode pwm (L6668)
0 0
f sw
P in Pinmax
72
Fixed frequency PWM
Summary of topologies
PWM controller Resonant
PWM controller
FF or Quasi-resonant (typically not above 100W)
PWM controller
Standard flyback
Multimode controllers (FF or QR).
High efficiency / Low standby (<200mW)
L6566A with PFC front-end
L6566B std flyback
L6566BH On-board 800V high-voltage start-up for
industrial range
Fixed frequency flyback
L6668 advanced std flyback controller (UC384x-like)
73
PWM controller
EVAL board from
40W to 75W
Applications:
Auxiliary SMPS for industrial application in PV,
servers, building automation
Power Schottky (STPSx family)
- Rated voltage: according to
input/output voltages ratio, generally
dozens of V
- Current according to the power
- Low recovery / leakage current
- Avalanche capability specification
Power Mosfet
Breakdown > 800V (for Eu range)
SuperMesh3 (e.g STx7N95K3)
L6668 multi-mode PWM controller
74
0 0
f sw
P in Pinmax
Fixed-frequency Mode @ Heavy Load
Identical to UC384x-based operation
75% Max. duty cycle
Frequency foldback Mode @ Light Load
Frequency is progressively reduced
with the load
Programmable reduction rate for
optimum efficiency vs. input power
Burst-Mode @ No-load
Most of switching cycles are skipped
Constant switch peak current
Programmable threshold
for noise-free operation
Pin<0.2W@Pout=0 in an
80W-rated system achievable
GD
V(SKIPAD
J)
t
t
t
COMP
50
mV
hyster
.
3.0
V
Fix.
Freq.
Mode Frequency Foldback
Mode
Burst
Mode
fos
c
Fix.
Freq.
Mode
SMPS Compliant with Blue
Angel, Energy Star,
EU Code of Conduct, …..
L6668 multi-mode PWM controller
75
ON-BOARD HIGH-VOLTAGE START-UP
IMPROVED STANDBY FUNCTION
LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT (< 2 mA)
SLOPE COMPENSATION PIN
PULSE-BY-PULSE & HICCUP-MODE OCP
INTERFACE WITH PFC CONTROLLER
DISABLE FUNCTION (ON/OFF CONTROL)
LATCHED DISABLE FOR OVP/OTP FUNCTION
PROGRAMMABLE SOFT-START
2% PRECISION REFERENCE VOLTAGE AVAILABLE
800 mA TOTEM POLE GATE DRIVER WITH
INTERNAL CLAMP AND UVLO PULL-DOWN
SO16N PACKAGE
VREF SKIPADJ
HV
HVS
GND
OUT
Vcc
N.C.
DIS
RCT
S-COMP
PFC_STOP
STBY
ISEN
SS
COMP
MAIN APPLICATIONS:
HI-END AC-DC ADAPTERS &
CHARGERS
LCD/CRT MONITORS and
LCD/CRT TV
DIGITAL CONSUMER
40W/51Wpk HDD SET-TOP BOX SMPS
76
SALIENT FEATURES: UNIVERSAL INPUT MAINS RANGE (90264Vac)
EFFICIENCY BETTER THAN 78% AT FULL LOAD
ST-BY POWER <0,75W@230Vac & 5V-50mA load
MEETS EN55022 CLASS B (EMI)
MEETS EN60950 (SAFETY)
PCB SINGLE LAYER 75x150 mm
STM KEY COMPONENTS:
L6668 + STP4NK60ZFP
TL2431
RECT. DIODES STPS10L60CT
STPS8H100FP
1N5821
STTH1L06U
STPS1L60A
OUTPUT
VOLTAGES +1.8: @1.7A
+3V3: @0.5A
+5V: @2.4A
+12V: @1.9A/2.9Apk
Measured at maximum load and 230Vac. Limits according to EN55022 Class-B.
77
L6668 board 40W
With Vin = 88VAC to 265VAC
AN2242 Reference design: high performance, L6668-based flyback converter for Set-Top boxes
78
Fixed frequency PWM
Summary of topologies
PWM controller Resonant
PWM controller
FF or Quasi-resonant (typically not above 100W)
PWM controller
L6566 quasi-resonant control
79
Typical System Block Schematics
OPERATION
n QR for Pout 60 - 70W
n FF for Pout > 70W
V outdc
L6563
L6566 is turned off in case of PFC's
anomalous operation, for safety
L6563 can be turned off at light
load to ease compliance with
energy saving requirements.
L6566
PFC PRE - REGULATOR (BOOST) DC - DC CONVERTER (FLYBACK)
EMI
Filter Vinac
Option:
OPERATION
n QR for Pout 60 - 70W
n FF for Pout > 70W
V outdc
L6562
L6563
L6564
anomalous operation, for safety
L656x can be turned off at light
load to ease compliance with
energy saving requirements.
L6566
- DC - DC CONVERTER (FLYBACK)
EMI
Filter Vinac Vinac
Optional Synchronous
Rectification
L6566 quasi-resonant control
80
SELECTABLE QUASI-RESONANT (QR) or FIXED FREQUENCY (FF) OPERATION
LOAD-DEPENDENT CURRENT-MODE CONTROL: QUASI-RESONANT, VALLEY SKIPPING OR
BURST-MODE
ON-BOARD HIGH-VOLTAGE START-UP GENERATOR
LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT (< 3 mA)
ADAPTIVE UVLO
LINE FEEDFORWARD FOR CONSTANT POWER CAPABILITY
PULSE-BY-PULSE OCP WITH DELAYED SHUTDOWN
TRANSFORMER SATURATION DETECTION
LATCHED OR AUTORESTART OVP
BROWNOUT PROTECTION WITH HYSTERESIS
PROGRAMMABLE SOFT-START
2% PRECISION REFERENCE VOLTAGE EXTERNALLY AVAILABLE
-600/+800 mA TOTEM POLE GATE DRIVER
SWITCHED SUPPLY RAIL FOR PFC CONTROLLER (L6566A)
PROGRAMMABLE FREQUENCY MODULATION FOR EMI REDUCTION (L6566B)
SO16N PACKAGE
Blue Angel, Energy Star, EU
Code of Conduct Compliant
81
L6566B board 40W
With Vin = 88VAC to 265VAC
AN2749 “40 W wide input range flyback converter demonstration board for digital consumer
equipment using the L6566B”
Less than 250mW at no load
Without post-regulation
83
Fixed frequency PWM
Summary of topologies
PWM controller Resonant
PWM controller
FF or Quasi-resonant (typically not above 100W)
PWM controller
84
Applications:
Power starting from about 60W up to 500W
high efficiency SMPS for industrial application
LED Streetlight SMPS
Telecom SMPS
Audio application
LCD and PDP TV
Desktop PC, entry-level server
V i n
V o u t
L6599A L6562A
L6563/x
Compared to L6591, better for: - higher output voltage & lower
output current - EMI-friendly application - Where variable freq is not an
issue
ZVS resonant Converter
L6599A: HB ZVS resonant Primary Controller
soft-switching half-bridge converter.
Zero-voltage switching eliminates turn-
on switching losses (smaller mosfet
and/or smaller heatsink) and
minimizes EMI emissions (and filter
cost)
PWM control, variable frequency.
Both switches are driven ON for 50%
duty cycle
SUPPORT TOOLS
Excel spreadsheet
available for the
design
Ref designs from
90W to 400W
available (with
relevant application
notes)
Resonant SMPS: LLC circuit
85
CONTROL:
Variable frequency control, fixed 50% duty cycle for both MOSFETs
Dead-time between LG and HG to allow MOSFET‟s ZVS @ turn-on
HALF BRIDGE:
ZVS operation: no switching losses @turn-on
fsw fr, sinusoidal waveforms: low turn-off losses, low EMI
SECONDARY SIDE:
Equal voltage & current stress for both rectifiers
No output choke required: cost saving
ZCS: no recovery losses, less EMI
VRRM = 1.25x2Vout if secondary is CT, then
TRANSFORMER
Integrated magnetics: both L‟s can be realized with the transformer
HIGH EFFICIENCY: >96% achievable
130W high efficiency SMPS
86
Power factor correction on Wide mains (88Vac to
264Vac)
Output voltage: 48V @ 2.7 A
Efficiency: >90% @ 115Vac – Full load
Long life, high MTBF (No EL-CAPS)
Mains harmonics: according to EN61000-3-2,
JEITA-MITI
EMI: meets EN50022 Class B
NO HEATSINK
Application note 3105
…the power parts for resonant stage
87
PWM mosfet
- BRVDss > 500V
- MDMesh2 / 5 for high efficiency
(only conduction losses Rds(ON))
Power Schottky (STPSx family)
- Rated voltage: according to
input/output voltages ratio,
generally dozens of V
- Current according to the power
- Low recovery
- Low leakage current
- Avalanche capability
specification
Power QFN package:
more power density
MDmeshV – Updated Product Portfolio
VDS RDS(on)
(max) P/N Package Status Application
[V] [Ω]
650
0.022 STY112N65M5 MAX247 Production PV-Inverter
Server UPS
0.038 STW77N65M5 TO-247 Production PV-Inverter Server
UPS
0.057 STW60N65M5 TO-247 Production
PV-Inverter
Server,
SMPS,Telecom
0.079 STx42N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/I2PAK/
TO-247/PowerFLAT 8x8 HV Production
PV-Inverter Server
SMPS, Telecom
0.098 STx35N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247
D2PAK/I2PAK
Production
Server SMPS
Telecom PS
0.119 STx32N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/
I2PAK/TO-247 Production SMPS Server
0.139 STx30N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/I2PAK/
TO-247 Production SMPS Server
0.179 STx21N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/D2PAK/I2PAK/
TO-247 Production
SMPS
HID
0.299 STx16N65M5
TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK
/DPAK/IPAK
Production HID
SMPS
0.430 STx12N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK
DPAK/IPAK Production
FLBallast
HID
SMPS
0.600 STx8N65M5 TO-220/TO-220FP/I2PAK
DPAK/IPAK Production
HID
Adapters, SMPS
This innovative HV, 1 mm high, surface-mount package is now
featured with ST’s 550/650 V MDmesh™ V and the coming 850 V
SuperMESH 5 technologies
PowerFLAT 8x8 HV
Benefits
Compactness
Higher power density
Reliability at high VDSS rating
High thermal performance
Increased efficiency
Features Maximum thickness: 1 mm
Unequalled low RDS(on) x area
Creepage distance: 2.7 mm
Lead finishing: pure tin plating (Sn
100%)
The same maximum
silicon die size of TO-220
within a leadless
8x8 mm outline
Applications
Laptop power adapters
LCDs
Lighting ballasts
Telecom power equipment
Solar micro-inverters
P/N VDS [V]
R
DS(on)
(max) [Ω] Application Status
STL32N55M5 550 0.100 SMPS
Samples by Q2 2011
Full Production
By Q3 2011
STL18N55M5 550 0.240 SMPS, Adapters
Samples available
Production
By Q2 2011
STL23NM60ND (^^) 600 0.180 SMPS
Samples available
Production
By Q3 2011
STL26NM60N (^^^) 600 0.185 SMPS Full Production
STL24NM60N (^^^) 600 0.215 SMPS Full Production
STL18NM60N (^^^) 600 0.309 SMPS
Samples available
Full Production
By Q3 2011
STL13NM60N (^^^) 600 0.385 SMPS
Samples available
Full Production
By Q2 2011
STL42N65M5 650 0.079 SMPS
Samples available
Full Production
By Q2 2011
STL21N65M5 650 0.179 SMPS/ Lighting Full Production
STL16N65M5 650 0.279 SMPS/ Lighting
Samples available
Full Production
By Q2 2011
STL12N65M5 650 0.430 SMPS/ Lighting
SSamples available
Full Production
By Q2 2011
(^^) FDmesh II technology
(^^^) MDmesh II technology
PowerFLAT 8x8 HV
SuperMESH3 - new products status
BVDss [V] RDS(on)
(max) [Ω] Sales Type Status
450 3.8 STQ/N/U3N45K3 Prod. TO-92, SOT-223. IPAK
525
2.6 STx4N52K3 Prod. in TO-220FP., DPAK/IPAK
1.5 STx5N52K3 Samples in PowerFLAT 5x6 ; Prod. in DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/FP, D2PAK
1.2 STx6N52K3 Full Prod. in DPAK,D2PAK,TO220-FP
0.51 STx11N52K3 Samples in TO220-FP, D2PAK
0.98 STx7N52K3 Full Prod. DPAK/D2PAK,TO220/TO-220FP
1.15 STx7N52DK3 Samples in DPAK/TO220/TO-220FP
620
3.5 STx2N62K3 Prod. in DPAK IPAK, TO-220/FP, Samples TO-92
3 STx3LN62K3 Prod. in DPAK IPAK, TO-220/FP
2.5 STx3N62K3 Full Prod. D/ IPAK,TO-92,TO-220/FP,D2/I2PAK
2.0 STx4N62K3 Prod. in DPAK, IPAK,D2PAK, I2PAK,TO-220/FP, Samples in PowerFLAT 5x6
1.6 STx5N62DK3 Samples in DPAK/TO220/TO-220FP
1.6 STx5N62K3 Prod. in DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/TO-220FP,D2PAK
1.28 STx6N62K3 Full Prod.
0.75 STx10N62K3 Full Prod.
0.38 STX17N62K3 Samples in TO-220/TO-247
650 1 STx10N65K3 Full Prod.
*FA
ST
Dio
de
Su
pe
rFR
ED
me
sh
3
SuperMESH3 - new products status
VDS
[V] RDS(on) (max)
[Ω] P/N Status Package
950
0.36 STW25N95K3 Production TO-247
0.85 STX13N95K3 Production TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247
1.35 STx7N95K3 Production TO-220/TO-220FP/TO-247
3.5 STP5N95K3 Production DPAK/IPAK/TO-220/TO-220FP
6.3 STS3N95K3 Samples by
Q3 2011 SO-8
1200V 2.4 STx6N120K3 Samples TO-220/TO-3PF/TO-247
08/11/07 – REV. 2 93
SR: how it is made?
Where SR is used: rectification stage on the secondary side of SMPS.
Typically the rectification is done with power Schottkies, which however have a big limitation: the VF is quite high (0.3V and higher)
high conduction losses, impact on efficiency!
SR shows the
highest efficiency!
From diode-based to mosfet-based
secondary rectification stage
STripFETTM VI DeepGATETM Updated Product Portfolio (60/75/80V)
H2PAK
2-leads TO-220
Part Number BVDSS RDS(ON) max Package Status Released in
STP260N6F6 60V 3.0m TO-220 MP 1Q11
STH260N6F6-2 60V 2.0m H2PAK (*) MP 1Q11
STP210N75F6 75V 3.7m TO-220 MP 1Q11
STH210N6F6-2 75V 2.8m H2PAK (*) MP 1Q11
STL75N8LF6 80V 7.4m PowerFLAT5x6 MP 2Q11
(*) 2 Source -leads version
PowerFLAT 5x6
PowerFLAT 5x6
Low thickness/weight
Low Rthj-c thermal resistance
Thermal performance similar to D2PAK
Low parassitic inductance
Low parasitic package resistance
Multiple sources
Small form-factor
High power capability
Less parasitic losses
High switching frequency operation
High current handling
Top side heat dissipation
Key Features Benefits
D G
S
S
S
97
Applications:
high efficiency SMPS for industrial application
starting from 90W
Telecom SMPS
High Power AC-DC Adapters/Chargers
ATX Desktop PCs (80+, 85+ initiative)
Printers
V i n
V o u t
L6591 L6562A
L6563/x
PFC Pre-regulator– Boost
ZVS AHB Converter
L6591: HB ZVS PWM Primary Controller
soft-switching half-bridge converter.
Zero-voltage switching eliminates turn-
on switching losses (smaller mosfet
and/or smaller heatsink) and
minimizes EMI emissions (and filter
cost)
Asymmetric half-bridge
PWM control, fixed frequency.
The high-side switch is driven ON for a
duty cycle D and the low-side switch for
a duty cycle 1-D, with D < 50 %.
Compared to L6599, better for: - Lower output voltage &
higher output current - Where variable freq is an
issue
100
CC / CV controllers
Integrated solution for SMPS application requiring a precise Constant Current
(CC) and Constant Voltage (CV / or voltage control) regulation.
Integrated
precision
voltage reference
Op-Amp for
current control
Op-Amp for
voltage control
+ SEA05 Integrated Vcc = 3.5V to 36V
Icc=200uA
Vref = 2.5V 0.5% precision including voltage input offset of op-amp
Vsense=50mV, 2% precision including voltage input offset of op-amp
TSx431 programmable shunt voltage reference (only voltage control), high
precision and low consumption within the industrial temperature range.
08/11/07 – REV. 2
CC / CV controller
101
TSM1052
Vctrl
GND
Vsense Ictrl
OUT
Vcc
1.210 V
200 mV
+
-
+
-
+
1
2
3
5 4
6
Vcc = 1.7V to 18V
Icc=150uA
Vref = 1.21V 1% precision including
voltage input offset of op-amp
Vsense=200mV, 2% precision including
voltage input offset of op-amp
SOT23-6L
SEA05
Vcc = 3.5V to 36V
Icc=200uA
Vref = 2.5V 0.5% precision including voltage
input offset of op-amp
Vsense=50mV, 2% precision including voltage
input offset of op-amp
08/11/07 – REV. 2
eDesign studio
1. Go to st.com support tools & resources (see below arrows) SW tools simulators
& CAE resources simulators
2. Click on SMPS eDesign Studio on the next page
3. Login on my.st.com (register yourself if not yet done)
The external version works
only on-line.
UPgrades are guaranteed.
It is also possible a direct
access by typing
www.st.com/edesignstudio
1
2
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Application specs and start the design
1. Insert application specs
2. Select the
device amongst
the proposed
ones (filtered
according to
input/output
values)
3. Start design
08/11/07 – REV. 2
DC-DC section
Defined specs
Components that can be fine-
tuned (in blue)
Operating point
(settable)
Waveform
simulator
efficiency Bode‟s plot Losses split
Standard functions
08/11/07 – REV. 2
DC-DC overview STEP-DOWN monolithic (= current limited, small area)
Example: up to 36VDC – L597x family (suitable also for inverting / positive buck-boost)
Same approach with:
L497x family: Vin up to 63VDC
ST1Sxx family: Vin up to 48VDC
L6902 family: Vin up to 36VDC
L798x family: Vin up to 28VDC
L598x family: Vin up to 18VDC
STEP-UP
ST8R00: Vout till 12VDC
L6920: Vout up to 5.2VDC
STEP-DOWN controller (=flexible solution for higher current)
L6727 DC-DC controller
LL mosfet (upgrade for higher current)
free-wheeling diode (upgrade for higher current)
(example)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Different families positioning
107
L497* and L597* families
Fsw up to 500KHz
VOUT down to 0.5V
IOUT up to 2A output
SO8 / HSO8 / DIP
L598* and L798* families
Fsw up to 1MHz
suitable for MLCC
VOUT down to 0.6V
IOUT up to 3A output (synch mosfet)
QFN / HSOP8
ST1S* family
Fsw up to 1.5MHz
VOUT down to 0.8V
IOUT up to 2A output (synch mosfet)
Internal compensation network
DFN / HSOP8
08/11/07 – REV. 2
QFN 3x3 8L - Rth j-amb 60°C/W
Device Package Ipk [A] Iout [A] Vin [V] Vout [V] Fsw [kHz] Extra Functions
L5980 QFN3x3-8L 1 0.7 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
L5981 QFN3x3-8L 1.5 1 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
L5983 QFN3x3-8L 2 1.5 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
L5985 QFN3x3-8L 2.5 2 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
L5986/A QFN3x3-8L / HSOP8 3 2.5 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
L5987/A QFN3x3-8L / HSOP8 3.5 3 2.9V to 18V 0.6V to Vin 250 Inh, AdjFsw, Sync
HSO8 - Rth j-amb 40° C/W
P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor
Wide input voltage range (2.9V up to 18V)
High switching frequency (250KHz, adjustable up to 1MHz) with Synchronization capability (180° out of phase)
Internal Soft-start
Inhibit pin
Embedded protection features
Suitable for MLCC output filter
Typ RDSon=140mΩ
L5980
QFN8 3x3
0.7A / up to 1MHz
L5981
L5983
L5985
1A / up to 1MHz
1.5A / up to 1MHz
2A / up to 1MHz
L5986/A
L5987/A QFN8 3x3 3A / up to 1MHz
2.5A / up to 1MHz
* Low cost versions with cheaper testing procedure
L598* family
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Synchronous rectification with P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor
Wide input voltage range (2.9V up to 18V) High switching frequency (400KHz, adjustable up
to 1MHz) Adjustable Soft-start and Inhibit function Embedded over current (adjustable threshold),
over voltage and thermal protection PGood signal (L5989D) Synchronization
capability(180° out of phase) (L5988D)
Pre-bias start-up capability Multifunction pin (adjustable UVLO, latched/no
latched OVP and sink-mode capability) 1.8v ± 2% reference voltage
Suitable for MLCC output filter
L5988D HTSSOP16
up to 4A /
up to 1MHz
L5989D
L5988 / 89 key features
08/11/07 – REV. 2
More than 3A in both small QFN3x3-8L and HSOP8 packages with minimum external component count
P-channel power MOS: no bootstrap capacitor
Wide input voltage range (4.5V up to 28V)
High switching frequency (250KHz, adjustable up to 1MHz) with Synchronization capability (180° out
of phase)
Internal Soft-start
Enable pin
Embedded protection features
Suitable for MLCC output filter
Typ RDSon=180mΩ
L7981
L7980 2A / up to 1MHz
3A / up to 1MHz QFN8 3x3 HSOP8
L7980 and L7981 key features
08/11/07 – REV. 2
ST1S14 – What is it?
The ST1S14 is a 3A step down switching voltage
regulator with input up to 48V.
This high input voltage range and the high output current capability are making it best suitable for industrial environment applications like
Factory Automation systems using 24V bus
DC/DC Modules
High current LED driving
128
08/11/07 – REV. 2
PWM fixed frequency 0.75MHz.
Output Current Capability: 3A max over all operating conditions
Output Voltage: Adjustable from 1.22V to 90% of max Vin
Input Voltage: from 5.5V to 48V
Power Good
Soft-Start circuit to reduce inrush current
Efficiency: up to 95%
Fast Transient Response
Both Enable and inhibit pins available
HSOP8 Package
ST1S14 3A / 0.75MHz
ST1S14 key features
08/11/07 – REV. 2
L7985/L7986 – what are they?
L7985 and L7986 are step down DC/DC switching regulators extending the L798x family with wider input voltage range up to 38V making it suitable for many industrial applications
Input Voltage range 4.5V – 38V
Output Voltage 0.6V – Vin
Output current 2A (L7985) and 3A (L7986)
Switching Frequency fixed or adjustable Fixed 250kHz or
Adjustable by external resistor setting up to 1 MHz
Higher frequency needs smaller external components like inductors and capacitors
Extra Functions Enable
Internal Soft Start (reducing inrush current)
Synchronisation capability with 180° phase shift
Overcurrent and Thermal protection
Package VFQFPN10 3x3 (DFN 3x3)
HSOP8
130
Typical Application Circuit
L7985/6
08/11/07 – REV. 2
L7985/L7986 – where can they be used?
Suitable for 5V, 12V, 24V buses
Space sensitive applications
DFN3x3, minimum external component count, small external
component size with 1 MHz fsw, for compact solution
Wide typical application range
Industrial
Factory Automation, FPGAs, Chargers, Lighting
Consumer
Set Top Box, DVD, LCD TV
Telecom
xDSL, modems, DCDC modules
131
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Comparison table Vin up to 18V Device
L598x L5988-9D ST1S03/A ST1S10 ST1S31/2 ST1S21/2 ST1S40
Feature
Input Voltage (V) 2.9 to 18 2.9 to 18 3 to 6/16 2.5 to 18 2.7 to 6 4 to 18 2.5 to 18
Output Voltage (V) 0.6 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 0.8 to 12 0.8 to 15 0.8 to Vin 1.25 to 90%Vin
0.8 to Vin
Iout (A) Up to 3 4 1.5 3 Up to 4 Up to 3 Up to 4
Package DFN3x3-8L HTSSOP16 DFN3x3 6L DFN4x4-8L/
HSOP-8L
DFN4x48L
DFN3x38L
HSOP-8L
DFN3x3-8L/
HSOP-8L
DFN4x4-8L/
HSOP-8L
Synch rect. -- Yes -- Yes Yes -- Yes
Rdson (typ. mΩ) 140 75 (HS)-
65 (LS) 260
100 (HS)
120 (LS)
50 (HS)
50 (LS) 150
70 (HS)
90 (LS)
Fsw (kHz)
250
Adj up to 1000
400
Adj 200 to 1000
1500 900 1500 1000 800
Soft Start Internal digital
Adj Internal digital
Internal digital
Internal digital
Internal digital
Internal digital
Synch with phase shift 180°
with phase shift 180°
-- Yes -- -- --
MLCC as Cout Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Enable/INH Yes Yes -- Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vref -- Yes -- -- -- -- --
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Comparison table Vin > 18V
Device L597x L497x L7980/1 L7985/6 ST1S14 ST1S20
Feature
Input Voltage (V) 4.4 to 36 8 to 55 4.5 to 28 4.5 to 38 5.5 to 48 5 to 30
Output Voltage (V) 0.5 to Vin 0.5 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 0.6 to Vin 1.22 to 90%Vin
0.8 to 85%Vin
Iout (A) Up to 2 Up to 3.5 Up to 3 Up to 3 3 6
Package SO-8/HSOP8 DIP8/SO16
DIP16/SO20
DFN3x3-8L/
HSOP-8L
DFN3x3-10L/
HSOP-8L HSOP8
HPAK-7L/
DFN5x4-16L
Synch rect. -- -- -- -- -- --
Rdson (typ. mΩ) 250 150 180 150 200 100
Fsw (kHz) 250 Up to 300
250
Adj up to 1000
250
Adj up to 1000
750 700
Soft Start -- Adj Internal digital
Internal digital
Internal digital
Internal digital
Synch Yes Yes with phase shift 180°
with phase shift 180°
-- Yes (DFN)
MLCC as Cout -- -- Yes Yes Yes Yes
Enable/INH Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (DFN)
Vref Yes Yes -- -- -- --
08/11/07 – REV. 2 136
Bypass Diode: What is it?
In a photovoltaic (PV) system, the panel which receives the lower sunlight determines the current value which flows through the whole string of panels (series-connected).
If a panel is shadowed (due to clouds, leaves etc), it will reduce the power generated by the whole system it acts like a resistor in an electric circuit!!
The no-shadowed panels will force through the shadowed one a current which can cause damage through overheating (hot-spot phenomenon)
The hot spot issue is generally prevented through the use of bypass diodes, which simply bypass the shadowed panel strings.
08/11/07 – REV. 2 137
The Cool Bypass Switch of ST
The use of by-pass diode increase the efficiency and lifetime of PV module but introduces further dissipations which should kept as low as possible
The SPV1001 is an innovative device based on a MOS-structure, having the same functionality of a Schottky diode but with much better performances
Compared to conventional Schottkies, the SPV1001 has a much lower
voltage drop in conduction state and much
lower leakage current in reverse state
overall power dissipation is significantly reduced!
Innovative Cool Bypass Switch
CATHODE
ANODE
CATHODE
ANODE
Standard Schottky diode
lower dissipation means cooler
temperature, resulting in longer life time
08/11/07 – REV. 2 138
0
1
2
3
4
5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Po
we
r D
issi
pat
ion
[W
]
Biasing Current [A]
SPV1001
Schottky #2 (Lower Vf, Higher Ir)
Schottky #1 (Higher Vf , Lower Ir)
CBS vs conventional Schottkies
8A
A= SCHOTTKY #2
B = SCHOTTKY #1
C = SPV1001
Compared vs two Schottkies with different Forward Voltage & Leakage Current Tradeoffs at 8A (typical working current in 6 inch solar cell):
• Power Dissipation in CBS is one third (1W vs 3W)
• CBS works ‚cold‘ (- 40°C less than best Schottky)
Thermal Map at Silicon Level
08/11/07 – REV. 2 139
Conclusions SPV1001
Key Features
• CBS has very low VF & IR
• IF=15A, two voltage ratings: VR=30V & 40V
• 175°C max junction temperature
• TO220, D2PAK & MLD packages
Key Benefits
• CBS has less power dissipation vs conventional schottky diodes
• Lower power dissipation means cooler temperature
longer life time
higher reliability
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Innovative distributed PV architectures
High voltage DC bus
AC line
String 1 String n
Low voltage power optimizers
wired serially in strings
Low voltage architecture
Low
output voltage
Low
output voltage
Low
output voltage Low
output voltage
Low
output voltage
Low
output voltage
Central
inverter
(DC/AC)
Central
inverter
(DC/AC)
AC line
High
output
voltage
High
output
voltage
High
output
voltage
High
output
voltage
Panel1 Panel 2 Panel 3 Panel n
High voltage architecture
High voltage DC bus
High voltage power optimizers
wired in parallel
08/11/07 – REV. 2
MPPT: What it is & how does it work?
142
MPPT stands for „Maximum Power Point Tracking“. It is a method to determine
the optimum working point of a solar cell string or the complete panel in order to
get the maximum power out of it. This optimized working point can change
and depends from different external factors like shading, dust, leaves, defect cells
etc.
e.g. during the shading of some parts of a panel (one or several strings with solar
cells in series) the shaded cells will not supply enough power and the overall DC
output of the complete system will be reduced. This has a not negligible impact on
the the output power (P = U x I).
An efficient MPPT algorithm is called „Perturb & Observe“ method and is used in
the SPV1020/40.
Perturb & Observe method? typ. PV-cell
characteristic
08/11/07 – REV. 2
MPPT: “Perturb & Observe” Method
143
Perturbation and Observation:
MPPT algorithm is changing the Duty Cycle (DC)
to detect the maximum power point:
STEP 1: DC is increasing from A to B....
STEP 2: While further increasing DC, the power in
state C is still higher...
STEP 3: Increasing DC toward D, at this point
lower power is detected...
STEP 4: MPPT logic is decreasing DC passing C,
and detect lower power at B.
STEP 5: DC is increasing again...
08/11/07 – REV. 2
PV array
Meter Inverter
Load
Junction box
Inverter basic architecture
BOOST +
MPPT
DC/AC
converter
SPV1020: Low Voltage Monolithic Power Optimizer
Standard PV Panel ST distributed architecture
+
-
BOOST +
MPPT
BOOST +
MPPT
BOOST +
MPPT
+ -
MPPT A/D
converter
A/D converter
A/D converter
08/11/07 – REV. 2 145
SPV1020: Benefits of the interleaved topology
I1 I2 I4 I3
IIN
IOUT Benefits
Lower voltage and current ripple
Lower EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interferences)
Smaller capacitors and inductors
No electrolytic capacitors longer life time
Lower parasitic resistors higher efficiency
the advanced structure of the converter compensate the ripple on input and output
currents
08/11/07 – REV. 2 146
SPV1020: Conversion efficiency and MPPT accuracy
90.00%
91.00%
92.00%
93.00%
94.00%
95.00%
96.00%
97.00%
98.00%
99.00%
16.00 20.00 24.00 28.00 32.00 36.00 40.00
P = 112W
P = 84W
P = 54W
P = 28 W
η
VOUT
VMPP = 14V
90.00%
91.00%
92.00%
93.00%
94.00%
95.00%
96.00%
97.00%
98.00%
99.00%
26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 40.00
P = 192W
P = 144W
P = 96W
P = 48W
η
VOUT
VMPP = 24V
99.00%
99.10%
99.20%
99.30%
99.40%
99.50%
99.60%
99.70%
99.80%
99.90%
100.00%
16 20 24 28 32 36 40
P = 112W
P = 84W
P = 56W
P = 28W
η
VOUT (V)
VMPP = 14V
99.00%
99.10%
99.20%
99.30%
99.40%
99.50%
99.60%
99.70%
99.80%
99.90%
100.00%
26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
P = 192W
P = 144W
P = 96W
P = 48W
VOUT (V)
η VMPP = 24V
08/11/07 – REV. 2 147
SPV1020: 240W DC-DC Converter with MPPT
240 W DC-DC Boost Converter with MPPT
40V output voltage operating range
Built-in MPPT and Soft-Start
Output over voltage and over temperature
control
Efficiency up to 98% possible
SPI interface for remote telemetry and control
Key features
STEVAL-ISV009V1
SPV1020 (DC-DC step-up converter with
MPPT embedded)
SPV1001N30 (Cool Bypass Switch)
AN3392 end Q4/´11
MPP setting point VOUT control
VOUT SPV1020
08/11/07 – REV. 2
SPV1020: Benefits summary
Key features
Operating current up to 9A / voltage up to 40V
Built in MPPT and soft-start
Up to 98% efficiency
Burst mode at low irradiation for high efficiency
Current limitation, overvoltage protection and thermal shutdown
Key benefits
Panel level MPPT maximizes energy harvesting
Serial interface remote control and monitoring
Monolithic device squeezed application and cost-effective solution
Fewer devices on the board lower failure rate / higher reliability
Bypass and cutoff diodes can be removed; the main inverter can be simplified
Package: PSSO36
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Key features
What is the new SPV1040?
150
The SPV1040 is a high efficient monolithic step-up DC-DC converter
powered by just a few solar cells for battery charging of low power
applications.
At the same time ithe device provides highest safety for the battery
and the system thru implemented over-current and -temperature
protection.
This device is designed for energy harvesting (from the sunlight) and
is using an internal MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking)
algorithm in order to reach highest efficiency up to 95%.
But what means MPPT?
ZDC
SPV1040
Rout
Cin
Iin
Vin Vout
PV
Panel
Vin
Cout
Iout
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Key features
High-efficiency monolithic step-up DC-DC converter
Proprietary “Perturb and Observe” embedded MPPT
algorithm
Very low input voltage (down to 0.3 V)
Very low RDS(on) integrated N-MOSFET and P-MOSFET
Over-current and over-temperature protection
Input reverse polarity protection
Main benefits
Energy harvesting
Up to 95% efficiency
Optimized battery charging profile
Suitable for low-power applications
powered by only a few solar cells
Battery and system safety guaranteed
SPV1040: Solar Battery Charger
151
08/11/07 – REV. 2
eDesign Studio Software Support Tool
eDesign Studio enhances development by implementing guidelines for
components selection to achieve the best system trade-off and to simulate
application performance.
152
08/11/07 – REV. 2
What is the typical application?
Home lighting
PV Charger
Portable consumer devices and toys
Solar lanterns
Digital still cameras
Portable healthcare, sensors
Watches
Thermometers
Wireless headsets
Car remote controls and locks
Small appliances (e.g. shaver charger)
Key applications
System evaluation board (STEVAL-ISV006V2 )
Low-power solar-battery charger
153
08/11/07 – REV. 2
PV Charger for small power
applications
Key applications
Key products
SPV1040: high-efficiency solar battery
charger with embedded MPPT
L6924D: charge controller for Li-ion
batteries Demo board (STEVAL-ISV012V1)
Solar cell
SPV1040
MPPT
+
Step-up
converter
L6924
Li-ion
battery
charger
Solar-Li-ion battery charger
Lithium-ion solar battery charger
154
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Technical Support…
IMM Competence Center Europe
– Focus on Applications
Factory Automation
Connectivity & Sensor
Building Automation
Lighting
Power Management
Home Appliance
Smart Metering
Healthcare
08/11/07 – REV. 2
I&MM CC – Technical Support
Training end customer on ST„s system solution offering + tools
Support ST and Distributor FAE for design-in (support) + technical support of end customer Special Technical Training of (D-) FAE, (D-) FSE
D-FAE Certification
Win share of mind (commercially and technically)
Align COOP investments with technical strategy
Provide and develop (in case not existing) low-cost Evaluation + Reference Design Boards + Marketing Packages for product and tool promotion
Hot-Line (via e-mail), Project Support– qualified/selected customer, FAE, FSE, D-FAE
for Microcontroller and Applications
Technical questions on systems and products from Customers, (D-)FAE, FSE;
BIZ > 100k€ total
Design-Consulting – full CTM project support Customer specific System proposals, uC code conversion,
upon request of (D-)FAE, FSE; BIZ > 100k€ p.a.
Selective direct end customer support (hotline + travel)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Service Card & Help Desk
Step by Step description of the Support Access registration and
usage explanation.
To get access please contact your ST responsible person.
WWW.ST.COM\helpdesk Visible and accessible
only for privileged users
(CTM‟s, FAE‟s, FSE‟s)
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Team of trainers with >250 training days experience
Regularly opened sessions in ST offices
Complete Training Catalogue on ST web site http://www.st.com/learnMCU
A network of Training Partners in EU
For registration please use your ST contact person
Session on demand available (min. 8 attendees)
Technical Trainings
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Providing of additional development resources for:
SW co-development
HW design proposal
Application porting
EMC consultancy
Pre-sale consultancy
Conditions:
High volume projects
Validation of the application is done by the CTM
Design Consulting
08/11/07 – REV. 2
Application Support Hot-Line Addresses in Prague
For selected Focus Customer Application Support to be agreed with local ST FSE/FAE
project data have to be exchanged
power-management-support-europe.applications@st.com
home-appliance-support-europe.applications@st.com
lighting-support-europe.applications@st.com
factory-automation-support-europe.applications@st.com
connectivity-support-europe.applications@st.com
metering-support-europe.applications@st.com
open access for all D-FAEs
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