Lower Bogalay Zay Street Lower Latha Street and Lower 26th ......7 Annex - Boglay Zay 7-1 7.1...

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Yangon Built Form Study

Lower Bogalay Zay Street

Lower Latha Street and

Lower 26th Street

Table of Contents

1 Introduction 1-1

1.1 Purpose and Scope 1-11.2 Study areas 1-11.3 Yangon city context 1-21.3.1 Downtown street grid 1.3.2 Governance structures 1.4 Strategic planning context 1-21.4.1 Strategic and heritage planning

2 Lower Bogalay Zay Street 2-12.1 Overview 2-22.2 Surrounding context 2-32.2.1 City context 2.2.2 Locality 2.3 Topography 2-52.4 Land use 2-52.5 Built character and form 2-82.5.1 Bulk and scale 2.5.2 Historic architectural contex 2.5.3 Architecutral character 2.6 Street character, form and movement 2-132.6.1 Street character ���� 7UDI¿F��SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW�DQG�SDUNLQJ 2-15������ 7UDI¿F�DQG�SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW�2.7.2 Parking

2.8 Amenity 2-192.8.1 Views and viewscapes 2.8.2 Landscape character 2.8.3 Solar access and shadows

3 Lower Latha Street 3-13.1 Overview 3-23.2 Surrounding context 3-33.2.1 City context 3.2.2 Locality 3.3 Topography 3-53.4 Land use 3-53.5 Built character and form 3-83.5.1 Bulk and scale 3.5.2 Historic architectural context 3.5.3 Architecutral character 3.6 Street character, form and movement 3-133.6.1 Street character ���� 7UDI¿F��SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW�DQG�SDUNLQJ 3-15������ 7UDI¿F�DQG�SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW� �3.7.2 Parking availability 3.8 Amenity 3-193.8.1 Views and viewscapes 3.8.2 Landscape character 3.8.3 Solar access and shadows

4 Lower 26th Street 4-14.1 Overview 4-24.2 Surrounding context 4-34.2.1 City context 4.2.2 Locality 4.3 Topography 4-54.4 Land use 4-54.5 Built character and form 4-84.5.1 Bulk and scale 4.5.2 Historic architectural context and architectural character

4.6 Street character, form and movement 4-134.6.1 Street character ���� 7UDI¿F��SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW�DQG�SDUNLQJ 4-15������ 7UDI¿F�DQG�SHGHVWULDQ�PRYHPHQW� �4.7.2 Parking availability 4.8 Amenity 4-194.8.1 Views and viewscapes 4.8.2 Landscape character 4.8.3 Solar access and shadows

5 Services and Infrastructure 5-1

5.1 Water 5-15.2 Drainage and Sanitation 5-25.2.1 Stormwater 5.2.2 Septic system 5.3.1 Solid waste 5.3 Rear laneways 5-35.4 Electricity 5-55.4.1 Electricity services 5.4.2 Generators 5.4.3 Street lighting 5.5 Information and Communications Technology 5-65.5.1 Telephone 5.5.2 Satellite dishes and radials 5.6 Air conditioning systems 5-65.7 Signage 5-65.8 Pulley system 5-6

6 Findings and further investigation 6-1

7 Annex - Boglay Zay 7-17.1 Bogalay Zay Street typology 7-1

8 Annex - Latha 8-18.1 Latha Street typology 8-1

9 Annex - 26th 9-19.1 26th Street typology 9-1

This document has been prepared in good faith on the basis of information available at the GDWH�RI�¿HOG�ZRUN�DQG�SXEOLFDWLRQ�ZLWKRXJK�DQ\�LQGHSHQGHQW�YHUL¿FDWLRQ���7KH�DXWKRUV�GR�QRW�JXDUDQWHH�RU�ZDUUDQW�WKH�DFFXUDF\��UHOLDELOLW\��FRPSOHWHQHVV�RU�FXUUHQF\�I�WKH�LQIRUPDWLRQ�LQ�WKLV�SXEOLFDWLRQ�QRU�LWV�XVHIXOQHVV�LQ�DFKLHYLQJ�DQ\�SXUSRVH���5HDGHUV�DUH�UHVSRQVLEOH�IRU�DVVHVVLQJ�WKH�UHOHYDQFH�DQG�DFFXUDF\�RI�WKH�FRQWHQW�RI�WKLV�SXEOLFDWLRQ���7KH�DXWKRUV�ZLOO�QRW�EH�OLDEOH�IRU�DQ\ORVV��GDPDJH��FRVW�RU�H[SHQVH�LQFXUUHG�RU�DULVLQJ�E\�UHDVRQ�RI�DQ\�SHUVRQ�XVLQJ�RU�UHO\LQJ�RQ�LQIRUPDWLRQ�LQ�WKLV�SXEOLFDWLRQ��

1-1

1 Introduction1.1 Purpose and Scope

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1.2 Study areas

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Street Location from Sule Pagoda

Township Informal area/locality Intersections Street width

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Figure 1A Study areas

1-2

1.3 Yangon city context

1.3.1 Downtown street grid

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1.4 Strategic planning context

1.4.1 Strategic and heritage planning

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Yangon is a historic city with closely interwoven relationships among the economic, political, and cultural structures as well as the city’s physical urban landscape. The city has hundreds of historical and religious monuments such as pagodas, temples, churches, mosques, and British colonial-era buildings built between the 19th and 20th centuries. These are strongly related with the urban development in each historical stage of WKH�FLW\��7KHLU�ORFDWLRQ��VW\OH��DQG�XVH�ZHUH�GH¿QHG�IURP�WKH�social demand of each time. However, as time passes, there are a number of dilapidated structures that require repairs and improvement, and also facilities that have been decided to change their uses for new functions. In order to utilize the heritage buildings for sustainable urban development, proposals were made to provide a new direction for upgraded conservation and planning based on the analysis of current states.

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Figure 1B Street hierarchy

1.3.2 Governance structures

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5 Services and Infrastructure

5.1 Water

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5.2 Drainage and Sanitation

5.2.1 Stormwater

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5.2.2 Septic system

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5.3 Rear laneways

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5.2.3 Solid waste

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5.4 Electricity

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5.5 Information and Communications Technology

5.5.1 Telephone7HOHSKRQH�ER[HV�ZHUH�REVHUYHG�DGMDFHQW�WR�WKH�QRUWKHDVW�DQG�QRUWKZHVW�FRUQHU�RI�/DWKD�6WUHHW�DQG�WKH�VRXWKHDVW�FRUQHU�RI�%RJDOD\�=D\�6WUHHW���7HOHSKRQH�OLQHV�JHQHUDOO\�H[WHQGHG�DORQJ�WKH�IURQW�IDoDGH�RI�EXLOGLQJV��UDWKHU�WKDQ�RQ�VHUYLFH�HOHFWULFLW\�SROHV��DQG�WHQGHG�WR�EH�DWWDFKHG�DERYH�WKH�JURXQG�ÀRRU�OHYHO�DW�WKH�¿UVW�ÀRRU�ÀRRU�OHYHO�

5.5.2 Satellite dishes and radials6DWHOOLWH�GLVKHV�DQG�UDGLDOV�DSSHDU�WR�EH�PDQDJHG�E\�LQGLYLGXDO�RFFXSDQWV��UDWKHU�WKDQ�EXLOGLQJV�DV�D�ZKROH��DQG�SUROLIHUDWH�RQ�WKH�IURQW�IDoDGH�RI�EXLOGLQJV�DQG�URRI�WRSV��VRPH�RI�ZKLFK�DUH�YLVLEOH�IURP�WKH�VWUHHW�OHYHO����*HQHUDOO\�DWWDFKHG�WR�EDOFRQLHV��VRPH�HTXLSPHQW�ZDV�DWWDFKHG�WR�DUHDV�PRUH�DVVRFLDWHG�ZLWK�FRPPXQDO�GRPDLQ��H�J��ZLQGRZV�LQ�FHQWUDO�FLUFXODWLRQ�VSDFHV����)HZ�VDWHOOLWH�DQG�UDGLDOV�GLVKHV�ZHUH�REVHUYHG�RQ�UHDU�ODQHZD\�EXLOGLQJ�HOHYDWLRQV�

5.6 Air conditioning systems6LPLODU�WR�VDWHOOLWH�GLVKHV�DQG�UDGLDOV��DLU�FRQGLWLRQLQJ�V\VWHPV�DUH�UHDGLO\�YLVLEOH�IURP�WKH�SXEOLF�GRPDLQ�RQ�EXLOGLQJ�IDFDGHV�DQG�DUH�LQVWDOOHG�E\�LQGLYLGXDO�RFFXSDQWV�RZQHUV���$W�JURXQG�OHYHO��DLU�FRQGLWLRQHUV�ZHUH�FRPPRQO\�LQVWDOOHG�FDQWLOHYHUHG�IURP�EXLOGLQJ�ZDOOV�DGMDFHQW�WR�RSHQLQJV���$ERYH�JURXQG�OHYHO��DLU�FRQGLWLRQHUV�ZHUH�JHQHUDOO\�ORFDWHG�ZLWKLQ�EDOFRQLHV��RQ�WKH�JURXQG��LQ�ZLQGRZ�RSHQLQJV�RU�FDQWLOHYHUHG�IURP�WKH�EDOFRQ\�ZDOOV��LQ�DGGLWLRQ�WR�SDUWV�RI�WKH�HOHYDWLRQ�DVVRFLDWHG�ZLWK�FRPPXQDO�GRPDLQ��

5.7 Signage3UHVHQFH�DQG�TXDQWLW\�RI�VLJQDJH�YDULHV�EHWZHHQ�VWUHHWV��ZLWK�PRUH�VLJQDJH��LQFOXGLQJ�LOOXPLQDWHG�VLJQDJH��DW�EXLOGLQJ�HOHYDWLRQV�DORQJ�/DWKD�6WUHHW��ZKLFK�FRUUHVSRQGV�ZLWK�WKH�KLJKHU�FRQFHQWUDWLRQ�RI�FRPPHUFLDO�XVHV���6LJQDJH�LV�DGGUHVVHG�LQ�JUHDWHU�GHWDLO�LQ�6HFWLRQV�����

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5.8 Pulley system

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Legend6DWHOOLWH�GLVKHV�DQG�UDGLDOV$LU�FRQGLWLRQLQJ�V\VWHPV6LJQDJHGenerators and substationsVisible piped drainage

Figure 5A Services and signage

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6 Findings and further investigation

Findings Further Investigation

Surrounding context7KH�WKUHH�VWXG\�VWUHHWV�DUH�ORFDWHG�ZLWKLQ�WKH�SURSRVHG�FRQVHUYDWLRQ�]RQH�RI�GRZQWRZQ�<DQJRQ�LQ�WKH�ORZHU�VHW�RI�VWUHHWV��VRXWK�RI�0DKDEDQGRROD����+RZHYHU��HDFK�VWUHHW�LV�ORFDWHG�ZLWKLQ�D�GLVWLQFWO\�GLIIHUHQW�DUHD��ZLWK�%RJDOD\�=D\�6WUHHW�DGMDFHQW�WR�7KH�6HFUHWDULDW��/DWKD�6WUHHW�LQ�&KLQDWRZQ��DQG���WK�6WUHHW�LQ�WKH�,QGLDQ�4XDUWHU�

9DU\LQJ�FRPPHUFLDO�DFWLYLWLHV�H[LVW�ZLWKLQ�WKHVH�DUHDV���0DUNHWV�DQG�RWKHU�DFWLYLWLHV�LQ�&KLQDWRZQ�DQG�ODUJH�PDUNHWV�QRUWK�RI���WK�6WUHHW��7KHLQJ\L�=D\�DQG�*DPRQSZLQW��FRQVWLWXWH�ODUJHU�UHWDLO�FDWFKPHQWV�WKDQ�*DPRQSZLQW�DQG�%RJDOD\�=D\��PDUNHW����

$OO�VWUHHWV�ZHUH�UHODWLYHO\�ORZ�WR�VHD�OHYHO�DQG�ÀDW��FRQVLVWHQW�ZLWK�WKH�EURDGHU�WRSRJUDSK\�RI�GRZQWRZQ�<DQJRQ��

Land use6WUHHWV�DUH�PL[HG�XVH�LQ�FKDUDFWHU��ZLWK�FRPPHUFLDO�XVHV�SUHGRPLQDWLQJ�DW�JURXQG�OHYHO�ZLWK�PDLQO\�UHVLGHQWLDO�XVHV�DERYH���$GGLWLRQDOO\��SXUSRVH�EXLOW�EXLOGLQJV�KRXVLQJ�FLYLF��FRPPXQLW\�DQG�ODUJHU�VFDOH�FRPPHUFLDO�XVHV�DUH�DOVR�SUHVHQW�DW�DOO�VWUHHWV�

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Infrastructure,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�VHUYLFHV�DUH�JHQHUDOO\�FRQVLVWHQW�LQ�DOO�WKUHH�VWXG\�DUHDV�DQG�DUH�DGGUHVVHG�LQ�6HFWLRQ�����,QIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�VHUYLFHV�DUH�HYLGHQW�DW�IURQW�HOHYDWLRQV�LQ�DOO�VWUHHWV�DQG�LQFOXGH�ZDWHU�DQG�GUDLQDJH�SLSHV��JXWWHUV��HOHFWULFLW\��WHOHSKRQH�DQG�FDEOH�ZLUHV��VDWHOOLWH�GLVKHV�DQG�UDGLDOV��DLU�FRQGLWLRQLQJ�XQLWV��DQG�VLJQDJH���+LJKHU�FRQFHQWUDWLRQV�RI�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�DQG�VHUYLFHV�DUH�DVVRFLDWHG�ZLWK�FRPPHUFLDO�XVHV���$GGLWLRQDO�VHUYLFH�LQIUDVWUXFWXUH�LV�ORFDWHG�ZLWKLQ�VWUHHWV��LQFOXGLQJ�GUDLQV��JHQHUDWRUV��HOHFWULFLW\�VXEVWDWLRQV�DQG�ER[HV��WHOHSKRQH�ER[HV��DQG�WXEH�ZHOOV�Built form and characterLot layout$OO�VWUHHWV�DFFRPPRGDWH�PHGLXP�WR�KLJK�GHQVLW\�GHYHORSPHQW��JHQHUDOO\�ZLWK�IXOO�ORW�FRYHUDJH���$OO�VWUHHWV�DUH�XQGHUVWRRG�EH���¶�GHHS�ZLWK�UHDU�IURQWDJHV�WR�UHDU�ODQHZD\V���

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Findings Further Investigation

Height7KH�SUHGRPLQDQW�KHLJKW�DORQJ�DOO�VWXG\�DUHDV�FDQ�JHQHUDOO\�EH�FRQVLGHUHG�WR�EH�WKUHH�WR�IRXU�VWRUH\V��ZLWK�D�KLJKHU�FRQFHQWUDWLRQ�RI�WZR�VWRUH\�IURQWDJHV�DW�/DWKD�6WUHHW���%XLOGLQJV�IURQWLQJ�6WUDQG�5RDG�DW�/DWKD�6WUHHW�DQG�ERWK�0HUFKDQW�DQG�0DKDEDQGRROD�URDGV�DW���WK�6WUHHW�DUH�KLJKHU�UHDFKLQJXS�WR�¿YH�VWRUH\V���

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Findings Further Investigation

Architectural context$OO�VWXG\�DUHDV�DUH�ZLWKLQ�WKH�HDUO\�JULG�OD\RXW�RI�GRZQWRZQ�<DQJRQ�DQG�DSSHDU�WR�KDYH�EHHQ�SUHGRPLQDQWO\�GHYHORSHG�ZLWKLQ�WKH�%ULWLVK�FRORQLDO�HUD���6WUHHWV�DUH�KLJKO\�FRPSOH[�LQ�DUFKLWHFWXUDO�FRQWH[W��HYLGHQFLQJ�SURJUHVVLYH�HYROXWLRQ�RYHU�WLPH�ZLWK�YDU\LQJ�DUFKLWHFWXUDO�VW\OHV��FXOWXUDO�LQÀXHQFHV�DQG�FKDQJHDEOH�SODQQLQJ�FRQWUROV�

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