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Limited English Proficiency 101
Lea Sheffield & Krista LewisOffice of Developmental Programs (ODP),
Bureau of Supports for Autism and Special Populations
The Special Populations Unit
ü www.myodp.org
ü Training > Special Populations
*Trainings are recorded with an ASL interpreter
Offering technical assistance on anything communication!
RA-PWSpecialPopUnit@pa.gov
ODP Recommendation #1
“Assure Effective Communication”
“Every person has an effective way to communicate in order to express choice and ensure his or her health and safety. All forms of communication should consider and include the individual’s language preferences and use of current technology.”
“Communication and language barriers are associated with decreased quality of care and poor clinical outcomes, longer hospital stays, and higher rates of hospital readmissions.”
https://www.cms.gov/About-CMS/Agency-Information/OMH/Downloads/Issue-Briefs-Understanding-Communication-and-Language-Needs-of-Medicare-Beneficiaries.pdf
What is LEP?
A limited ability to read, write, speak, or understand English because English is not the
individual’s primary language.
nglish
roficiency
imited
LEP vs ELL vs ESL
• ELL: English Language Learner– A national-origin-minority who is limited English proficient
• ESL: English as a Second Language – People who speak another language primarily and English
is their 2nd language
Source: Americans Against Language Barriers
US Census, Languages Spoken at Home, PA
English OnlySpanish
Other Indo-European languages
Other Languages
Demographics: Primary Language
67,086
Individuals’ ISPs
65,128
English
1,958
Other Language Options
9
Other Languages: Albanian, Bengali, Bosnian, Cambodian, Cantonese, Mandarin, Creole, Croatian, Farsi, Filipino, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Ibo, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Laotian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Pashto, Portuguese, Punjabi, Romanian, Swahili, Tamil, Ukrainian, and Vietnamese
Demographics: Primary Language
Language Other than English (as listed in ISP)
Number of Individuals
Spanish 945
Sign Language 500
Not found or Other 180
Arabic 62
Urdu 38
Russian 37
31 Languages (listed below) 196
Total: 1,958
Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)
• Social English skills in 2 years
10
Second-Language Acquisition
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)
• Academic language proficiencies take 5-7 years
http://www.broward.k12.fl.us/esol/Eng/BestPractices/PPT/SupportingtheNeeds.pdf
https://www.cal.org/caela/tools/program_development/elltoolkit/Part4-59AdultELL&LearningDisabilities.pdf
Impacts:Ø Educational backgroundØ 1st language literacy
Ø Learning styleØ Cognitive style
Ø Additional diagnosesØ Amount of exposure to L2
Stages of Second Language Acquisition
http://www.broward.k12.fl.us/esol/Eng/BestPractices/PPT/SupportingtheNeeds.pdf
Silent (Pre-production)• Absorbing language but no verbal output, pointing and
gestures
Early Production• Limited comprehension, 1-2 word responses
Speech Emergence• Simple sentences, good comprehension, grammar
errors, jokes may be misunderstood
Intermediate Fluency• Excellent comprehension, few grammatical errors
Advanced Fluency• Native level of communicating, understands
figurative language
https://comprehensibleclassroom.com/2018/07/26/how-to-teach-such-that-they-understand/
http://www.broward.k12.fl.us/esol/Eng/BestPractices/PPT/SupportingtheNeeds.pdf
Support Strategies
WAIT TIME
WARM ATTITUDE
INTERPRETER
LABEL
GESTURE & EXPRESSIONS
MODEL
Interpreter and Translator Challenges
• There are 7,099 spoken languages in the world; in the United States, there are 347 spoken languages. – Barriers in locating a trained professional, costs
• Experience and understanding of the disability community – Medical terminology, understanding of services and system
• Various dialects, there are many homonyms that are written and spoken the same but have different meanings. – In Spanish, “mañana” = both tomorrow and morning– In Korean, 배 [be](bae) = ship, stomach, or pear
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/how-many-languages-are-there-in-the-world.html
LEP in the ISP
LEP in the ISP, page 2
LEP in the ISP, page 3
I Speak cards
https://www.cdss.ca.gov/inforesources/forms-brochures/translated-forms-and-publications/i-speak-cards
Stay Connected
• Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and DeafBlind Listserv • Communication Corner• Previous trainings
RA-PWSpecialPopUnit@pa.govor
RA-ODPDeafServices@pa.gov
We strive to keep our trainings and resources up to date. If you notice any inaccurate or outdated information,
please report it to RA-PWSPECIALPOPUNIT@pa.gov
Where to Find our Trainings
www.myodp.org
Past Trainings
• Visual Gestural Communication- Module 1• Deaf Sensitivity• Tool Kit for Communication and COVID-19• Best Practices When Working with an Interpreter• Deaf-Blindness 101• Language Deprivation• Wonderful World of Visual Schedules• The Seven Senses and Hand-under-Hand Prompting• Communication Matters: A Training about Complex Communication• The Basics of Blindness and Visual Impairments• Reaching Communication Goals through Gradual Implementation• When a Nonverbal Communicator Gets Hospitalized• Putting Communication Information in the ISP
09/09/20
Questions?
RA-PWSpecialPopUnit@pa.govor
RA-ODPDeafServices@pa.gov
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