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Lighting Quality Standards
Presented by Sheetanshu Agarwal
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LQS is a completely new set of rules for lighting industry
technology.It is split into six parts and over 20 objective ratingcriteria by which any lighting device or solution in theworld can be judged.
he LQS methodology is separated into six elements !
"rgonomics
"motion
"cology
"#ciency
"sprit
"xceptionality
LQS
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"rgonomics
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"rgonomics
he goal of ergonomics is to
"xamine the impact of light on the human eye $
Set up conditions that are comforting$
%educe stressful or dangerous situations that can becaused by adverse lighting conditions.
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If the sun was a bulb $ she would always be sold out
because we love her natural light and the way sherenders colors .
&%I'&olor %endering Index(
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&%I'&olor %endering Index(
he colour rendering index indicates how closely thecolour of an object matches its appearance under therelevant light source.
&%I is scaled from )*)00.
+atural outdoor lights has a &%I of )00.
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he higher the &%I '0*)00 scale ( $ the more naturalthe colors appear .
&%I'&olor %endering Index(
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&%I'&olor %endering Index(
o determine &%I $ ), de-ned test colours areilluminated under the reference light source '&%I )00( and then under the source being evaluated.
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&%I'&olor %endering Index(
%a / with reference to)00 'which is the &%I ofnatural Light Source(
%a is de-ned as 1verage %endering Index which is theaverage of the / colors from %) to %/
% means thatthis light Source does
not produce the samecolor as the referencein red
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&%I'&olor %endering Index(
Importance
Standard de-ned in "+ )2 343*)demand for &%I of at least /0 forliving places.
In industries specially in printing
presses higher &%I 50 is re6uiredwhere correct colour assessmentis vital.
%etail or in shop windows to
correctly show the colour of clothing.Inferior lights are to be used only incorridors 7 storage spaces.
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&%I'&olor %endering Index(
LQS Values:8ighest mar9s are awarded for &%I at or over0.
CRI LQSValue
50 ,/0*0 3
0*/0 :
40*0 2
30*40 )20*30 0
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;lare prevention
;lare is a visual sensationcaused by excessive anduncontrolled brightness.
Light sources with too high
luminance can cause glare. It ma9es reading a computer
screen or paper documentsmore taxing and di#cult.
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;lare prevention
=revention can be achieved by
).&orrect placement of luminaries!
he light from the luminaries shouldbe directed in such a way that lightre>ected from visible objects wouldnot be directed into the eyes of awor9er when he is in the wor9ing
position.
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;lare prevention
=revention can be achieved by
2. ?se large luminaries with low luminance. Surface-nishes that di@use and scatter light should be used
instead of glossy ones that create strong re>ections.
:. Luminaries with a butter>y*shapedluminosity curve is desired with
maximum luminosity in the angledparts of the curve.
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;lare prevention
UGR
he probability of psychological glare can be estimatedby the ?;%'?ni-ed ;lare %ating( method.
= 2
2
25.0log.8p
L
LUGR
b
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;lare prevention
LQS Values
he maximum allowed ?;% according to the "+ )2 343*)standard is ) for most activities.
echnical drawing demands )4.8igher ratings are allowed for less critical environments
such as reception '22( or archives '2,(.
Glare Prevention LQS Value
?;%D)4 ,
?;%D) 3
?;%D22 :
?;%D2, 2
?;%D2/ )
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Illumination level
he correct lighting should be able to conveyinformation necessary to carry out wor9 tas9s$ tomotivate$ to set positive mood or creative atmosphere.
"ye strain can be caused by improper illumination
level and by >ic9er of light. It leads to repeated errorsand tiredness.Such lighting failures produce
unwanted e@ects in retail areas andin every other environment where a
signi-cant number of people arepresent.
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Illumination level
Task Area
1ccording to "+ )2 343*) standard the minimum lux foro#ce wor9 is ,00 Lux 7 even ),00 lux in the tas9 of6uality control$ colour inspection$ painting$manufacturing precious stones.
echnical drawing demands high*6uality illuminationwith shadow*free wor9place.
1dditional luminaries are added to diminish the shadowe@ect.
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Illumination level
Task Area
he optimal solution is the luminaire isplaced towards the wor9ing surfaceslightly from the left of the employeeGsview.
his way the employees do not cast ashadow upon the des9 when they arewor9ing and also good visibility of thewor9ing toolHs spi9e or penGs nib is
ensured.
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Illumination level
Task Area
rom LQS point of view a lighting solution can eithercomply with the "+ )2 343*) standard or fail to do so.
Illumination level(taskarea)
LQS value
Jes ,
+o 0
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Illumination level
Surrounin! o" Task Area
1long with the &orrect illumination of tas9 area theimmediate surroundings have to be ta9en into account
Sudden illuminance drops immediately outside the test
area causes problem to see the objects outside whichcause strain 7 stress.
he "+ )2 343*) de-nes the surrounding as the bandat least half a meter wide
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Illumination level
Surrounin! o" Task Area
In this band the illuminance has to be at least 44 to ,percent of the tas9 area illuminance.
Illuminance on t#etask area
Illuminance onimmeiate
surrounin!
5,0 ,00
,00 :00
:00 200
200 ),0
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Lighting ?niformity
?niform lighting allows us to perceive the environmentcontinuously and without sudden brea9s caused bylighting level drops.
he uniformity on room surfaces can be expressed as
eIlluminancAverage
eIlluminancMinimumUniformity =
&loser to ) more is the ?niformityas9 area where technical drawing is the most
demanding$ re6uires a uniformity index of at least0..
Kther focus intensive tas9s demand a ratio of 0.4.
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Lighting ?niformity
?niformity depends on types of luminaries used $their spatial position and their number.
iew of classroom afterinstalling the lights
Simulation of lightinguniformity during the process
of designing the light indialux
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Lighting ?niformity
he "+ )2343*) standard re6uires certain tas9s to beprovided with a certain uniformity of lighting.
If it complies with the Standard$ LQS gives it , else 0.
Li!#tin! Uni"ormit$ LQS
Jes ,
+o 0
LQS Value
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8armonious distribution of brightness
Crightness is the only 6uantity to which the humaneye responds .
8armonious distribution of brightness a@ectssharpness of vision and enables the human eye toperceive the contrast.
o achieve an optimal distribution of brightnes$brighter color walls furniture are used .
Selection of luminares with directNindirect distributionof light becomes 9ey factor in harmonious distributionof brightness.
Direct luminousfow
Luminaire with direct as well asindirect luminous fow
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8armonious distribution of brightness
he"aces of the pupils and teachers can berecognised without any disturbing shadows.
his is possible with right level of vertical illumination.
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8armonious distribution of brightness
he current re6uirements from the standard"+O)2343*) re6uire the minimal illuminance level :00lux for the classrooms$ for the vertical surfaces ,0lux and for the ceiling :0 lux.
1ccording to LQS for the classroomspace it isrecommended to achieve the vertical illuminance ofthe wall surfaces :00 lux and the horiPontal ceilingilluminance :00 lux
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8armonious distribution of brightness
1ccording to "+ )2343*) LQS %ecommendation
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8armonious distribution of brightness
LQS Value
%armonious istri&ution o" &ri!#tness LQS Value
"m'wall(5),0lx with ?o50.:"m'ceiling(5,lxwith ?o50.:
,
"m'wall(5,lx with ?o50.:"m'ceiling(5,0lxwith ?o50.: 3
"m'wall(5,lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5,0lxwith ?o50.)
:
"m'wall(5,0lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5:0lxwith ?o50.)
2
"m'wall(5:0lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5)0lxwith ?o50.)
)
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"motion
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1vailability of day light
he human 9ind spends much of the day in theinterior spaces.
Scienti-c research has shown that there is positiveimpact of natural light on the human visual and
psychological well*being$ their performance e#ciencyand the ability to concentrate.
he tas9 of the arti-cial light is to simulate the naturallight where it is not present.
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1vailability of day light
8uman eye reacts amiably to large continuous areasof light hitting the eye. he white coloured areashelps in re>ection of the light from white wall.
he lighting solution should utiliPe the re>ectionsfrom walls and especially from the ceiling the highestpossible extent.
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Clue light content
Scientists have discovered the new
photoreceptor which is susceptible toblue part of visible spectrum.
Clue light especially prominent duringthe daylight$ signaliPes to the bodythe very fact that it is day and notnight.
1bsence of the blue light in thespectrum can lead to reducedperformance e#ciency.
Its appropriate proportion in the lightspectrum of the arti-cial light sourcecan a@ect positively the psychologicalwell*being in the way help in stimulatetheir e#ciency during wor9ing hours.
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Eaylight Simulation
he daylight is the most natural type of light forpeople.
1rti-cial light should adapt to its properties as muchas possible by changing the intensity and the color
he a$li!#t simulationis implemented togetherwith the a$li!#t sensor
'a$li!#t sensor assesses the lighting intensity in theroom during the day and according to this it increases
or decreases the performance of the luminaires.
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Eaylight Simulation
GoodmorningCool, freshlight raises the
energy level ofstudentscoming intothe school andprovides agood start to
the day.
Lunch timeA short rest helpsthe students torecharge out
batteries. The lightlevel decreasesand the warm lightfacilitatesrelaxation.
Post-lunch dipAfter lunchstudents usuallyfeel sleepy. The
light level risesagain andchanges to coolwhite to counterthe post lunchdip.
Happy hourust before theend of the schoolday a change to
cooler white lightprovides analertness boostahead of the!ourney home.
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unable
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unable
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Ciological factor of illumination
iolo!ical "actor o"illumination
Availa&ilit$
LQSValues
1vailability of daylight +oNJes 0N)Clue light content +oNJes 0N)
Eaylight simulation +oNJes 0N)
unable white +oNJes 0N)
LQS Values
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Illumination of room surfaces
Lower values the illumination of the wall and especially
of the ceiling could ma9e an impression of too muchdar9ness.
It arouses a feeling of depression in the employees.In the o#ce space lighting the usual standards are set
up in the LG recommenation.his standards calls for
ta9ing into account forboth direct 7 indirectlight source 7 re>ectedlight
In this way we achieveoptical enlargement ofthe space whicheventually improves thecomfort of employees.
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Illumination of room surfaces
Vertical Illumination
he vertical illumination which is based on the ability ofthe human eye to respond to the light falling from aboveplays an important role for the lighting of an o#ce
Cy choosing the luminaries which emphasis the verticalsurfaces we achieve optical brightening and enlargingthe space.
It enables the employees to recogniPe shapes and facesbetter.
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Illumination of room surfaces
Ceilin! Illumination
The ceiling of a work space represents a large reflection area.
To make use of its potential, indirect luminaries can be used toilluminate the ceiling.
The reflected light creates an impression of homogeneity and it
most truthfully copies the properties of natural light.
According to LG7 the ceiling illuminance should achieve the amountof ! " of the value for hori#ontal illuminance of the working surface.
L$% places even heavier demands for the ceiling illuminance and
assesses the spaces with the ceiling illuminance of 7& l' with the score of& points.
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Illumination of room surfaces
"ecessed luminaires with aparabolic louvre ensuressu#cient illumination of
the wor$place but theupper parts of the wallsand the ceiling remaindar$. %t causes a feeling ofa cave e&ect and ma$esthe room optically smaller.
The optimalsolution involvingtypes of the
luminaires whichare suspended,with both directand indirectcharacteristics ofthe luminous 'ux
distribution.
The new solution involvingthe latest types ofluminaires which are
recessed, with direct andindirect distribution of theluminous 'ux direct part othe luminous 'ux towardsthe ceiling. The roomseems optically larger with
the ceilings illuminated.
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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;
his category includes two di@erent types of illumination
). 1mbient lighting A It gives the space overall mood andtone.
2. 1ccent lighting A "mphasise and draw attention to detail.
1mbient lighting 1ccent lighting
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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;
The ambientillumination completes the overall atmosphere of thespace according to the customer(s vision and the interior designer(sas well.
The accentlighting directs the attention to the selected ob!ect andemphasises its exceptionality.
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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;
Accent li!#tin! LQS Value
Jes ,
+o 0
Am&ient li!#tin! LQS Value
Jes ,
+o 0
LQS Values
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%;C color mixing
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%;C color mixing
Instead of ma9ing fre6uent and expensive modi-cations toa storeGs interior$ it is possible to change everything simplyusing light$ changing colours at the touch of a button
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%;C color mixing
LQS Values
RG colormi*in!
LQS Value
Jes ,+o 0
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"cology
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Latest Lamp echnology
L"E is more e@ective $ consumes less energy
"mits less heat
&ontains very low level of haPardous material
8igh in e#cacy'lmN
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Latest Lamp echnology
"#cacy of light sources !
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System e#ciency of luminaire
System e#cacy refers to the e@ectiveness of lighting-xture.
It means how wellit can direct the light whilstreducing losses on the surfaces of the optical
system to a minimum. ]W
lm[
luminaireofpowerInstalle
luminaireofoutput!umenefficiency"ystem =
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Light output %atio
LK% is the ratio of the light source output to thelighting -xture output
It shows how well the luminaire is designed and howmuch light is lost in its optical systems.
#00$%sourcelig&tofoutput!umen
luminaireofoutput!umen!'( =
he more e#cient materials are used higher the LK%.
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Light output %atio
LQS Values
S$stem e+cienc$ o"luminaire
LQS
R 5 /0 lmN< ,
R 5 0 lmN< 3R 5 4, lmN< :
R 5 ,, lmN< 2
R 5 30 lmN< )
R 5 :0 lmN< 0
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hermal output of lamp
1ll light sources emit a certain amount of I% radiation$energy that is lost as heat rather than being useful as light$
In incandescent bulb , of the energy consumed isemitted as heat$ and only , as light.
)*+Temperature of ob!ects-./C, Temperature ofair 0/C
1etal2halideTemperature of ob!ects3.4/C, Temperature ofair 0/C
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hermal output of lamp
I% radiations a@ects food items specially fruit if 9ept over
2 days or more.
L"E0 hour
Fetal halide0 hour
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hermal output of lamp
I% radiations a@ects food items specially fruit if 9ept over
2 days or more.
L"E2 hours
Fetal halide2 hours
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hermal output of lamp
I% radiations a@ects food items specially fruit if 9ept over
2 days or more.
L"E4 hours
Fetal halide4 hours
h l f l
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hermal output of lamp
T#ermal output o" lamp LQS value
D), proportion of I%radiation ,
D24 proportion of I%radiation
3
D2/ proportion of I%radiation
:
D:) proportion of I%radiation
2
D40 proportion of I%radiation
)
540 proportion of I%
radiation
0
LQS alue
E i l
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Eangerous material content
Kther light sources have mercurywhich is a heavy metal of highintoxicity
%is9 arises when a lamp is bro9enduring handling$ or disposed of
inappropriately then it releasesvapours into the air or materialinto the soil.
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Eangerous material content
'an!erous materialContent
LQS value
Fercury content 0mg ,Fercury content
D0.,mg3
Fercury contentD).,mg
:
Fercury contentD2.3mg 2
Fercury content D,mg )
Fercury content 5,mg 0
LQS Values
= d t Lif ti d i t t
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=roduct Lifetime and maintenance costs
he main reason why people switched from using incandescent
bulbs to >uorescent lamps is their lifetime')0$000 hours( Cut >uorescent light sources wear o@ rapidly when they are
fre6uently switched on and o@.
= d t Lif ti d i t t
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=roduct Lifetime and maintenance costs
he main reason why people switched from using incandescent
bulbs to >uorescent lamps is their lifetime')0$000 hours( Cut >uorescent light sources wear o@ rapidly when they are
fre6uently switched on and o@.L"Es standardly have a lifetime of ,0$000 hours$ if a lighting
-xture is used )2 hours per day$ seven days per wee9 the
light source will function for more than )) years.his is bene-cial as lamp replacement is costly in terms of the
material$ personnel$ time and e6uipment needed.
= d t Lif ti d i t t
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=roduct Lifetime and maintenance costs
Prouct li"e time LQSValues
5,0000 hours ,
523000 hours 3
5)000 hours :
5)2000 hours 2
5)0000 hours )
52000 hours 0
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"#ciency
=resence detector
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=resence detector
It allows the luminaires to be switched on only whensomebody appears in the space.
It is automatic control e6uipped with a sensor respondingto the heat of the moving persons in the detection area.
he presence detector can beused both in the indoor and outdoorapplications with di@erent sensitivityand mounting height.
=resence detector
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=resence detector
%f there isnobody at themoment in the
o#ce or anothero#ce space, thepresencedetectorswitches o& thelighting
5hen an employeeenters the room,the presence
detector respondsto the infraredradiation which thehuman body emitsand switches onthe lighting.
The presence detector can bead!usted in such a way that thelighting will not switch o& in a
vacant room immediately afterthe last person leaves it, butgradually
=resence detector
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=resence detector
Presence etector LQS values
Jes )
+o 0
&onstant illuminance sensor
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&onstant illuminance sensor
he tas9 of this sensor in the o#ce spaces is to ensure
constant illuminance independently of the state of theluminaires in the lighting system.
or the sensor to be able to ful-l its function it is necessary tocount on its installation already during the design phase of thelighting system which has to be over*dimensioned from the
very beginning of the design.
&onstant illuminance sensor
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&onstant illuminance sensor
"very lighting system is over*dimensioned$ minimally by 20.
1t the end of the lifetime it still achieves the re6uiredilluminance intensity.
?sing the constant illuminance sensor we can achieve 20 energy savings during the -rst years of the lifetime.
&onstant illuminance sensor
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&onstant illuminance sensor
Constant Illuminance
Sensor
LQS Value
Jes )
+o 0
LQS Value
Eaylight Sensor
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Eaylight Sensor
he daylight has decisive importance on the health andpsychological well*being of people
it is important to create such environment at the wor9placewhich will be able to imitate the properties of the daylightas truthfully as possible.
he light conditions change during the day in dependenceof the time of the day$ weather and the season of the year.
he tas9 of the arti-cial lighting is to balance thedi@erences and to complete or to replace in full extent thenatural light when its availability is limited.
Eaylight Sensor
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Eaylight Sensor
20 30
0 )00
Eaylight Sensor
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Eaylight Sensor
'a$li!#t Sensor LQS Value
Jes 2
+o 0
LQS Value
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han9 Jou
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