Life in a Four percent Universe

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Life in a Four percent Universe. Dr. C.P. Girijavallabhan Professor Emeritus International School of Photonics CUSAT. Our Changing Views of the Universe. Ptolemaic System till 16 th century Galileo and the telescope (1609) The Copernican revolution Kepler’s laws and Newton’s theories - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Life in a Four percent Universe

Dr. C.P. GirijavallabhanProfessor Emeritus

International School of PhotonicsCUSAT

Our Changing Views of the Universe

Ptolemaic System till 16th centuryGalileo and the telescope (1609)The Copernican revolutionKepler’s laws and Newton’s theoriesBirth and death of stars and galaxiesHubble’s law and the expanding universeThe Big Bang and the origin

20th Century Astronomy

• Astronomy made an exact science• Edwin Hubble and Hubble’s Law• Stellar dynamics and S. Chandrasekhar• Bing Bang Hypothesis- Dicke, Jim Peeble• Penzias and Wilson- 3.5K CMB• Gamow, Fritz Zwicky – Galactic rotation• Vera Rubin and Kent Ford

Edwin Hubble- Father of modern astronomy

Mount Wilson 100” telescope used by Hubble

New Age Astronomy and Astrophysics

• Exploration of Space• The Hubble Space Telescope• COBE satellite• Super Novae as standard candle• High Z supernova observations• Saul -Perlmutter, Brian Schmidt & Adam Riess

and Nobel Prize 2011• Accelerating expansion and dark energy

Roational Anomaly of Galaxies

Vera Rubin

Variation of planetary velocities in solar system

Measurement of speed of rotation of Galaxies:Doppler effect

A cooled Si detector chip for image enhancement

Andromeda Galaxy NGC 4414

Speed of rotation of Galaxy perpendicular to axis

Gravitational lensing effect

Gravitational lensing effect

Bullet Cluster- picture of colliding Galaxies

Dark matter pervades the space between Galaxies

Dark matter in pink colour

Anisotropy in microwave background:COBE satellite result

Type Ia Supernova Light curve

1987a Supernova

1987a Supernova deep field view

2012 Nobel Prize winners in Physics

Supernova in large Megallenic cloud

Supernovae against the back ground of Galaxies

Supernova X-ray picture

Supernova 1994 D

Velocity vs distance for faraway nebula

1 parsec= 3.6 light years

Type Ia supernova data

Distribution of Dark and ordinary matter in the Universe

Unresolved Questions

• Gravity –where does it come from?• How can it be made compatible with quantum

field theory?• How do the laws of universe originate?• Laws first or matter first?• What is time? Is it real or a myth?• How does consciousness arise in unconscious

matter?• Is it all real or simply a dream?

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